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The article offers information on the twenty criteria on having effective interventions on health resources in developing countries such as Uganda and Tanzania in Africa. It mentions how scalability regarding interventions affects the priorities of health resources. It also cites the importance of cultural norms in preventing the occurrence of diseases. Moreover, it discusses how bed nets and other health procedures such as condoms and hand washing adds on the simplicity which affects the fragility of health systems.

Focuses on the integration of family planning and HIV prevention efforts in developing countries. Principles of integration; Status of health systems in the developing world; Keys to successful HIV prevention programs.

The author examines two complex generalised HIV epidemics that cover those who have multiple sexual partners and the large number of already infected individuals. He offers a further explanation of the generalised HIV epidemics, which reveal an important role for both components, as well as a basis for a unifying approach. He recommends several issues that might be prioritized to prevent HIV epidemics. The author also cites several structural approaches to HIV epidemic prevention.

The article discusses the benefits of testing combined with counseling in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS. The article explains that in sub-Saharan Africa where multiple and frequent partners is the norm, HIV is epidemic. The article also provides limitations to prevention such as an inability to test for acute infections, the difficulty in changing long-term behaviours, and only twenty percent of adults in sub-Saharan Africa having been tested for HIV.

The author explores the HIV/AIDS policy implications of research findings that heterosexual transmission of HIV can be prevented with antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). The challenges of implementing an ARV control program are outlined, including the testing of infected and at-risk populations, adherence of subjects to the drug regimen, and the potential development of viral drug resistance. He concludes that ARVs can complement other HIV interventions, but HIV vaccine research is still a priority.

The author opines regarding masturbation and its role in preventing exposure to HIV infections. Statistical findings on masturbation by men and women are reported. The author believes that the health community should not neglect masturbation as a safe method of preventing AIDS and unwanted pregnancies.

A response by James D. Shelton to letter to the editors about his article on HIV prevention in the December 1, 2008 issue is presented.

The article presents a letter to the editor discussing the article "Universal voluntary HIV testing with immediate antiretroviral therapy as a strategy for elimination of HIV transmission: a mathematical model," by RM Granich, CF Gilks, C. Dye, KM De Cock, and BG Williams published in the journal on January 3, 2009.

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Diaphragm and lubricant gel for prevention of HIV acquisition in southern African women: a randomised controlled trial," by N.S. Padian, A. van der Straten and G. Ramjee.

Assesses provision of condoms in African countries, which are used in the prevention of HIV. Methods; Results; Conclusion that more condoms are needed to provide all African countries with a level equal to that of the six highest providing countries.

Presents a strategy for preventing the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in developing countries. Recommendation of shifting resources from curative approaches to preventive strategies; Weaknesses of syndromic management of vaginal discharge; Promotion of use of condoms; Enhancement of public health education.