1. Plasma metabolomic profile is near-normal in people with HIV on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy.
- Author
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Virseda-Berdices A, Martín-Escolano R, Berenguer J, González-García J, Brochado-Kith O, Rojo D, Fernández-Rodríguez A, Pérez-Latorre L, Hontañón V, Barbas C, Resino S, and Jiménez-Sousa MÁ
- Subjects
- Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Biomarkers, Inflammation metabolism, Metabolomics methods, HIV Infections
- Abstract
Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in people with HIV (PWH). However, a chronic state of immune activation and inflammation is maintained despite achieving HIV suppression and satisfactory immunological recovery. We aimed to determine whether the plasma metabolomic profile of PWH on long-term suppressive ART and immunologically recovered approximates the normality by comparison with healthy controls with similar age and gender., Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study in 17 PWH on long-term ART (HIV-RNA <50 copies/mL, CD4
+ ≥500 cells/mm3 , and CD4+ /CD8+ ≥1) and 19 healthy controls with similar age and gender. Metabolomics analysis was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The statistical association analysis was performed by principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and Generalized Linear Models (GLM) with a gamma distribution (log-link). Significance levels (p-value) were corrected for multiple testing (q-value)., Results: PCA and PLS-DA analyses found no relevant differences between groups. Adjusted GLM showed 14 significant features (q-value<0.20), of which only three could be identified: lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) (22:6) (q-value=0.148), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) (22:6) (q-value=0.050) and hydroperoxy-octadecatrienoic acid (HpOTrE)/dihydroperoxy-octadecatrienoic acid (DiHOTrE)/epoxy-octadecadienoic acid (EpODE) (q-value=0.136). These significant identified metabolites were directly correlated to plasma inflammatory biomarkers in PWH and negatively correlated in healthy controls., Conclusion: PWH on long-term ART have a metabolomic profile that is almost normal compared to healthy controls. Nevertheless, residual metabolic alterations linked to inflammatory biomarkers persist, which could favor the development of age-related comorbidities among this population., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Virseda-Berdices, Martín-Escolano, Berenguer, González-García, Brochado-Kith, Rojo, Fernández-Rodríguez, Pérez-Latorre, Hontañón, Barbas, Resino and Jiménez-Sousa.)- Published
- 2024
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