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Fever is one of the most important signs of infection and can provide useful information for further assessment, diagnosis, and management. Early detection of postnatal fever could reduce severe outcomes, such as maternal mortality due to puerperal sepsis. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence of and associated factors of postnatal fever among postnatal women at Kawempe National Referral Hospital. Three hundred postnatal women were recruited. Temperature measurements were conducted and a 29-item questionnaire was completed along with the extraction of health history from the medical records of the participants. The prevalence of maternal fever was 58/300 (19.3%). Multivariable analysis indicated that only four factors-HIV-positive status (AOR = 2.56; 95% CI = 1.02-6.37), labor complications (AOR = 6.53; 95% CI = 2.40-17.71), prolonged labor (AOR = 3.12; 95% CI = 1.11-8.87), and more than 24 h spent in postnatal care (AOR = 5.16; 95% CI = 2.19-12.16)-were found to be significantly associated with postnatal fever. The prevalence of postnatal maternal fever among postnatal women at Kawempe National Referral Hospital was higher than that in other reports in the literature. The factors significantly associated with maternal fever were HIV-positive status, complications during labor, prolonged labor, and more than 24 h spent in postnatal care. Health workers involved in the provision of labor and obstetric services must follow guidelines to assess fever and manage the underlying conditions causing it.

In Uganda, the prevalence of non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) by HIV/AIDS patients remains high and sometimes this is blamed on patients' religious behavior. A descriptive design was used to examine the relationship between religiosity and ART adherence in a sample of 220 patients attending a HIV/AIDS clinic in a Ugandan public hospital. Participants who self-identified as Pentecostal and Muslim had the highest percentage of members with high religiosity scores and ART adherence. Among Muslim participants (34), 82% reported high religiosity scores and high levels of ART adherence. Of the fifty Pentecostals participants, 96% reported high religiosity scores and 80% reported high levels of ART adherence. Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between ART adherence and religiosity (r = 0.618, P ≤ 0.01). Therefore, collaboration between religious leaders and HIV/AIDS healthcare providers should be encouraged as one of the strategies for enhancing ART adherence.