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Introduction. The first study of the history of Saratov organizational psychology was carried out by L. N. Aksenovskaya, who traced the development of the industrial and organizational direction at Saratov State University from 1971 to the present. The purpose of our research was to analyze the process of formation of organizational and psychological science in Saratov in the 1920s–1930s. Such historical and psychological methods as the analysis of information presented in scientific and reference publications, historical reconstruction, interpretation of factual material were used. Theoretical analysis. A study was conducted on the development of Saratov organizational psychology in the 1920s–1930s as an integral part of two directions – scientific organization of labor and psychotechnics. Conclusion. It is established that organizational psychology in Saratov developed in accordance with the general trends of the scientific process for the whole country. For research and practical work, divisions were created at provincial administrative institutions, regional branches of All-Russian scientific communities, experimental laboratories. The article presents the activities of three Saratov laboratories organized by engineers at the Saratov Institute of National Economy, doctors at the Provincial Department of Public Education, psychologists at the Department of Philosophy and Psychology of Saratov University (the heads respectively N. M. Dyakonov, I. L. Stychinsky, A. A. Krogius).

The study maps the development of work and organizational psychology in the Czech Republic. The first part outlines the development of the discipline in the world, which took place in two main lines concentrated on individual and social aspects. The second part deals with the development of work and organizational psychology in the then Czechoslovakia, with particular emphasis on the Czech lands. The development of psychotechnics was supported by international institutional cooperation (the Institute of Psychotechnics at the VI Division of the Masaryk Academy of Labor started its activities in 1920) and the establishment of specialized workplaces in large companies (e.g. the Vítkovice Ironworks, Baťa Zlín, Electrical Enterprises of Prague). Psychotechnics focused mainly on work analysis, pre-employment personality attributes diagnostics, employee selection and placement, performance and productivity analysis, employee evaluation and motivation, consultancy in the choice of profession as well as personal problems etc. The development of work and organizational psychology in Czechoslovakia was briefly discontinued in the 1950s, and subsequently revived at the turn of the fifties and sixties, when professional psychological activities started taking place at universities and in various research institutions. In order to solve contemporary problems related to the human factor in industry, professional psychological workplaces were either renewed or newly created in several large enterprises and organizations and their management departments. The scope of their activities was extensive and included routine selective diagnostics as well as consulting, and expert activities including scientific research. At present, following the transition to a market economy after 1990, professional activities and staffing of psychological workplaces in individual economic organizations and companies have been gradually reduced to complete dissolution, and the efforts to meet the requirements for psychological services have been moved to specialized external companies. The third part of the study discusses selected experts who significantly contributed to the development of Czech work and organizational psychology and their publishing activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]