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This column examines the trends and changes that have been noted by this school librarian in the past 15 years of service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents the first results of an ongoing investigation on the historical process of the beginning, location and development of Librarianship and its teaching in the province of Entre Ríos between 1926 and 2015, finding in the Studies of Science, Technology and Society a fertile theoretical plot to account for said process that proposes the concept of constitutional moment and will allow to identify different periods through which the teaching of Librarianship passed through the process of initiation and consolidation. Concept that makes it possible to study how actors, institutions, representations, and fields of knowledge were assembled. Two constitutional moments become evident. The first involved the entry of Librarianship and its teaching in the province through the modality of courses articulated with interests for training in librarianship that had a reduced scope and mainly in private institutions, the second involved careers that offered specific degrees in library science. During these constitutional moments, ties were maintained with Librarianship both at national level (Buenos Aires and Santa Fe) and at international level (USA and Europe), accompanying its vanguard and updating itself on a deferred basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article will use the Mitteilungen der Vereinigung der österreichischen Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare, an important journal for the Austrian library landscape, to give an insight into how women were presented and perceived from the early 1950s onwards. Overall, the Mitteilungen provide a good overview of the changes in Austrian librarianship and of the leading figures who helped shape libraries and set important initiatives. The fact that a great many women were involved in this from the very beginning, even though they initially only took on leading positions in isolated cases, can be readily seen in the reports and accounts from more than 70 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Embedded librarianship can give librarians direct impact on student success in a clinical setting, but there is not a prescribed method for training new librarians to work in this environment. The first of its kind Clinical Medical Librarian program at the University of Missouri Kansas City has embedded librarians into clinical instruction for decades, and has created a set of materials, protocol and templates that can be used to integrate a new hire into the position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reconfigures the history of artificial intelligence (AI) and its accompanying tradition of criticism by excavating the work of Mortimer Taube, a pioneer in information and library sciences, whose magnum opus, Computers and Common Sense: The Myth of Thinking Machines (1961), has been mostly forgotten. To convey the essence of his distinctive critique, the article focuses on Taube's attack on the general problem solver (GPS), the second major AI program. After examining his analysis of the social construction of this and other "thinking machines," it concludes that, despite technical changes in AI, much of Taube's criticism remains relevant today. Moreover, his status as an "information processing" insider who criticized AI on behalf of the public good challenges the boundaries and focus of most critiques of AI from the past half-century. In sum, Taube's work offers an alternative model from which contemporary AI workers and critics can learn much. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on historical texts occupy an important place among the studies of Turcology. Historical texts; readings on them, translating text, edition critical of translating into Turkish, phonology and morphology investigations, grammatical index, additional directory is brought to the attention of the published scientific world with different pursuits such as dictionary studies. Various difficulties and unknowns are encountered while conducting historical text studies in the related field of different disciplines such as Turkish language and literature, history, economics, medicine, theology, law, astronomy, and anthropology. It is possible to talk about many problems at this point. One of these problems is getting to know the text correctly. Because a work that is not correctly recognized / introduced could challenge many confusions. At this point, inaccurate or incomplete evaluations experienced in the cataloging process of the work will have a large share. Historical texts are kept with information notes introducing themselves in the collections in which they are stored. This stage takes place with the work of experts in the field of librarianship. Errors or deficiencies to be made at this stage will lead to erroneous data that may be disrupted. In this article, the manuscript recorded with the name "Tabirü'r-rüya" will be emphasized as an example of its related situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the activities and development of the Central Technical Library at the University of Ljubljana during the time between its foundation and 1991. The library was established in 1949 at the initiative of university teachers and researchers and with the great support of the political leadership of the country at that time; in all those years, it functioned significantly different from other academic and special libraries. Despite its function as a university library, through its innovative approach and in-depth international contacts, the library effectively served a wider purpose, i.e. as information and library support for the economy of the country and as a driving force for special libraries. The innovative approach of CTK's operation in that period was mainly reflected in the fact that the user with his information needs was put into the focus of the library's operation. An example of such a user-friendly service was home borrowing of individual issues of periodicals, which was not a common practice of other libraries. From the perspective of involvement in international professional networks, the role of the CTK in the professional association 1ATUL was of special importance. Today, after major social and technological changes, the CTK is a modern university library, which has retained its characteristic innovation and involvement in international cooperation. Innovation in the CTK today is reflected primarily in the important role of the library in facilitating an open national research and educational infrastructure; and international cooperation is primarily reflected in the active role of the CTK in professional organizations and forums such as LIBER, European Open Science Cloud or Coalition S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After a brief introduction on memory, omission and subsequent forgetfulness, the question of teaching the history of library services in Argentina from the middle of the last century arises, when it was attempted to implement the Anglo-American model as the only possible and the best, and pre-existing models were ignored: traditional and innovative. Interpretations based on political, social and cultural factors are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work deals with Ethics as a topic of interest to the Brazilian Congress of Library Science and Documentation (CBBD), focusing on production in the annals of seven editions (16th to 22nd) of this event. Methodology: 1) bibliographic research (regarding the material used to form the theoretical basis; 2) documentary research (regarding the use of the annals and general reports of CBBD events for data collection) and 3) exploratory research (regarding the intended objectives). The objective was to understand and determine--using the texts of the presented works and those present in the annals and in the texts of the general reports of these CBBD editions--the following: a) the topics of the papers which addressed the theme of Ethics; b) the position of the paper that addressed the issue; c) the sequence in which the theme of ethics was addressed; d) the recommendations approved at the end of each edition and expressed in the general reports. Thus, in that period between 1991 and 2007, in which there were seven editions of the CBBD, a total of only four papers dealing with the theme were found, appearing in two of the editions. In the other five editions of the Congress, no papers were presented on the topic. It was found that the majority of these CBBD editions did not contain a theme that clearly dealt with Ethics. In most cases, no final recommendation on the issue was expressed in the general reports. In conclusion, it was found that the topic of Ethics is under explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent global events have underscored the need for broad access to digitized library special collections. At the same time, a burgeoning field of scientific and historical inquiry is finding a goldmine of data in the physical old books and manuscripts stored for centuries on library shelves. This article gives an overview of some of the interesting studies employing library materials in the new field of biocodicology, which expands the field of codicology (learning about book history through studying a copy's physical attributes, sometimes referred to as "archaeology of the book") to interrogate physical books with proteomic, genomic, and microbiomic tools. Historical health sciences collections provide rich, new research avenues for budding biocodicologists, and biocodicology and other interdisciplinary fields focused on material culture present an unforeseen justification for institutions' continued preservation and access to individual physical copies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the history of the Professor Osni de Medeiros Regis Library, located at Av. Mauro Ramos, n.1344, in the city of Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. The study reports the history of the library, describing the creation processes, the construction of the physical space, the composition of the collection and the creation of the foundation to maintain the library and provide access to the public. Establishing an analysis of the importance of the library to the florianopolitan community, and describing the types of services the library provides to the community at large. The methodological procedures that guided the construction of the article were bibliographic research, documental research and interviews, enabling to verify the importance of the library for the community and fr the area of library science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This biennial review of the writings on the history of libraries, librarianship, and information surveys about two hundred publications that were published in 2014 and 2015. The essay is divided into a number of specific sections, including academic and public libraries, biography, technical services, and the history of reading and publishing. It also contains a brief list of theses and dissertations that were completed in 2014 and 2015. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay urges a broadening of the discourse of library and information science (LIS) to address the convergence of forces shaping the information environment. It proposes adopting a model from the field of science studies that acknowledges the interdependence and coevolution of social, cultural, and material phenomena. Digital archives and library collections are technocultural artifacts. To understand the entanglement of technologies, institutions, and practices in the production of the digital archive, we must transcend disciplinary divisions and engage in more nuanced and historically informed analysis. This work will provide an appreciation of the myriad ways in which tools shape and inflect the research process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the Veterinary Medical Libraries Section (VMLS) of the Medical Library Association (MLA), its impacts on both librarianship and veterinary medicine during its 40-year history, how it achieved those impacts, relationships, selected projects, and organizational changes through the years. A listing of publications about veterinary librarianship and VMLS products is available on the VMLS website (Veterinary Medical Libraries Section, 2014). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the history of children's book publishing in Slovenia, beginning with the age of manuscripts, when it was hard to speak about books aimed specifically at children, and including 19th century children's books. The invention of printing enabled a cheaper and widespread book production. As most of children's books are illustrated it is not until the middle of 19th century that they were widespread as public good. The article presents data on books that can be found on the Slovenian territory grouped upon three basic criteria: the oldest Slovene children's books, children's literature held by rich private libraries and the data on book selling from the end of 17th century onwards. It was concluded that, in spite of the poor book production of Slovenian children's books, children had the possibility to be familiar with a wide range of books published in European publishing centres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of training and education in information and documentation is reviewed, starting with the first systematic professional education initiatives in the 19th century. Some of the current key challenges and future action lines are discussed: clarifying the mission, the ecological niche and strategic objectives of the discipline; taking care of the disciplinary core and addressing the peripheries; building and looking after the brand and main stakeholders, relocating the student as a prime client; negotiating a permanent observation point to allow the design of curricula based on the labour-market and student needs; programming the educational levels within the framework of life long education; rebuilding and pursuing the interdisciplinary dimension of information studies; modulating technological training according to social changes and student profiles; and ensuring operational quality and addressing the continuous evidence-based improvement of the pedagogical methods. The reflection focuses on the Spanish case, but incorporates an international perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2013, 150 years were celebrated since the establishment of the Faculty of Letters of Bucharest, and, in this context, this article presents a brief history of the Library of this prestigious institution in Romania. Its beginnings are at the end of the nineteenth century, when a specialized library was formed in the Department of Slavic Languages within the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters. The books donation in 1892 to Slavic seminar, and subsequent efforts of Professor Ioan Bogdan, Dean of the Faculty, led to the opening in 1907 of the Library of the Faculty, and the constant development of the Library recorded over more than a century of existence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of the Library Journal - during its 65 years of existence between 1948 and 2013 -, addressed chronologically, is presented by the author in accordance with the evolution and development of the librarianship field and particularly following the historical stages of development of the Romanian society. Founded in July 1948, Călăuza bibliotecarului (Guide for Librarians, the first title of the Library Journal), "monthly bulletin to guide libraries and readers", was a publication which promoted the latest published works, translations of Soviet literature, and especially a repertoire of reports, resolutions, and party documents, which maintained, until December 1964, the propaganda-related quality - an "official" publication with clearly defined status and functions. However, starting with 1955, specialized materials and studies were published, authored by prominent librarianship specialists. During 1957-1965 a series of changes were reported (an editorial featuring issues related to the activity of Romanian libraries; articles were signed by personalities of the field). From January 1966 to December 1973, the journal was entitled Revista bibliotecilor (the Library Journal) and it had a monthly periodicity. The orientation and theme of the publication were diverse and a frame of a "new beginning" was shaped: the studies published were signed by important representatives of the old generation, but also by young specialists that were to contribute to the field in the coming years. During the period 1974-1989, under the title of Biblioteca: buletin trimestrial de biblioteconomie/bibliologie (Library: Librarianship/ Library Science Quarterly), the journal was published as a supplement to the "Îndrumătorul cultural" ("Cultural Guide", 1974-1980) and "Cîntarea României" ("Song of Praise to Romania", 1980-1989) cultural periodicals. Articles on general library-related topics were published - theoretical and practical aspects of organizing libraries, library techniques, organising catalogues, description of publications, and topics related to the history of books and libraries). After the events of December 1989, the publication freed itself from the "subcultural guardianship" and became a methodical publication under the direction of the Ministry of Culture, changing its name to Biblioteca: revistă de bibliologie şi ştiinţa informării (Library: Library and Information Science Journal). In 1992 an editorial office of the journal was founded in Chişinău. During 1996-2009, the journal went through a difficult stage both financially and from the organizational point of view. Since March 2009, it has been included in the National Library organizational chart and it became the specialized journal of the Romanian library system. It has covered topics of interest in librarianship and information science and addressed all types of Romanian libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author discusses about development of education for medical librarianship. She states that medical libraries seem to have existed apart from ordinary library currents almost up to the present time, and are only just beginning to be drawn into the main stream. She states that education for medical librarianship is at present in a healthy state of flux and discusses on the full library schedule of 3 semesters at the Columbia school, with the medical course included. The author states that the new combined 3-year curriculum of the Graduate Library School at the University of Chicago has in it the seeds of such a possible combination of subject specialization and technical library instruction, a system which might be followed with particularly happy results for medical librarianship.

Since its start in the mid-19th century, the measurement of document attributes and interrelationships has evolved into the formal field of bibliometrics, becoming solidly established in information science and reaching into other domains. Bibliometric methods have been used to shed light on organizational structure of library and information science (LIS), the reach and influence of LIS research and on interdisciplinarity and the emergence of new fields of study. Data from citation indexes from 1900 through 2011 show the rise of metrics, with the decade starting in 2010 likely to be the most productive and influential. The most cited researchers in information science in 2010 and 2011 focus on metrics, and the use of the term bibliometri* has surged since 2000. The study of metrics in medicine is increasing rapidly, though less so in the social sciences, humanities and natural sciences. Among LIS subtopics, metrics appears to have the strongest influence outside the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the author discusses the internship program of the Slavic and East European Collection at Yale University Library, which provides semester-long fellowships to library professionals from Eastern and Central Europe and the former Soviet Union. The program began in 1993 and is ongoing. The author details its history, including how it has been funded, and discusses what the program includes and the logistics of running it. Participants are listed, along with excerpts from some of their final reports and selected post-fellowship activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting with the definition of cooperation offered by economic sciences, this article presents a theoretical-practical framework of interlibrary cooperation. On the one hand, from a philosophical base it uses Hobbes' theory of the social pact as an explanatory model. On the other, and based in Library Science with a conceptual and historic perspective, it discusses the leading role that librarians and professional associations have assumed, as well as the tangible or economic reasons -and also the intangible factors- that move libraries to cooperate. A description and analysis of cooperative experiences in times of crises show how these practices have evolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article a re-reading of the present convergence of several fields of study is considered: The New History of Culture; the History of Books and Libraries; Bibliography, and; the History of Reading, among other areas related to the universe of printed culture. Reflections derived from that phenomenon are articulated from a particular discipline: Library and Information Science. The work is developed in two different parts that are strongly related: The "Meeting between the History of Books and the History of Reading" and a set of "Reflections on the New History of Books and Libraries". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to attempt to explore the basics of the collection of medieval manuscripts by institutions by outlining some of the basic principles, challenges, and innovations in the realm of medieval manuscript collection. Design/methodology/approach - Medieval manuscripts involve both curation and librarianship in every step of collection management. Few fields of librarianship involve such fragmented history. This paper explores this fragmentation and demonstrates the intricacies and diversity involved in the collection process. Finally, it examines some collaborative options for institutions to effectively collect together. Findings - Institutions can effectively collaborate in medieval manuscript acquisition. Practical implications - Institutions may be able to institute similar programs as those used in the case studies. Originality/value - It is more important than ever to maintain quality collections on smaller budgets. These findings can assist institutions in acquiring high quality pieces without premium funding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reprints excerpts from Aaron Trehub's piece about the relationship between Slavic studies and Slavic librarianship in the United States in the immediate aftermath of the end of the Cold War. The author, who at the time was Slavic librarian and bibliographer (and former Soviet affairs analyst), notes that through a curious quirk of history, the collapse of communism coincided with the birth of a powerful new communications medium (the World Wide Web). Together, these geopolitical and technological developments have fundamentally changed librarianship in general and Slavic librarianship in particular. Trehub's discussion of the various day-to-day difficulties experienced by Slavic librarians in the post-Cold War period pays special attention to the challenges that new information technologies create for patrons, as well as the instructional burden that this places on librarians. He suggests that excessive reliance on the Web may erode the capacity to reason critically, but admits that the long-term effects of digitization on education and research are unclear. In effect, Trehub's essay provides the historical background for re-evaluating what competencies constitute Slavic information literacy in the twenty-first century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growing online universe of digital images supporting humanities, history, and cultural heritage scholarship prevents many researchers and reference librarians from remaining current with new developments. Commercial generic image search engines provide one approach. The Open Access Initiative has stimulated another set of' search engines developed largely by the academic and professional sector. Seven search engines in all meet criteria of public availability without fee and breadth of both subject coverage and participation by repositories. They are subjected to testing to determine if a single one is emerging as the OCLC or the RLIN for digital images supporting the humanities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study reviews the librarianship in four Asian, in Europe less known, dynamically developing countries (Vietnam, Malaysia, South Korea and Singapore). The review starts with general geographic, historical characteristics of these countries, then describes the library field, LIS education and important statistical data. At the end the reviewer highlights remarkable general trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout the hundred years history of education for librarianship some issues have been discussed again and again without agreement being reached. A number of these are quite central to the problem of education for a profession: the desirability (or otherwise) of professional schools; the control of education by professional bodies; theory vs. practice; fieldwork; the 'core' curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the role of libraries during times of war and social change. The destruction of Iraq's National Library and Museum provoked the worldwide urgency to increase efforts in the cultural and historic preservation of library collections and archives. It argues that information infrastructure is the essence of social continuity and change and should be preserved as historical monuments. The article mentions that these issues were discussed at the Library History Seminar XI, that was held at the University of Illinois on October 27-30, 2005.

This text written on commemoration to Prof. Berin Yurdadoğ who has contained valuable contributions to librarianship in Turkey. Ms. Yurdadoğ, as a republican woman has always been the most important advocate of the profession despite all the difficulties she has experienced and has brought significant values to both her students and the society. She worked tirelessly in the most difficult periods of the republic and took an important place in our history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Malaysian Journal of Library and Information Science, which began in July 1996, has now completed its first eight years of publication. This paper traces the evolution of the journal from print to electronic format. It also presents an analysis of the number and types of papers published in the journal, the authorship pattern, and the authors' nationality. The journal is a welcome addition to the limited number of library and information science journals emanating from South East Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on history and heritage in library and information science. A discussion on the importance of history was given. According to the author, history is important because it helps us to achieve a full understanding of current trends of development in what could be called society's knowledge apparatus and in the institutional arrangements to which libraries and information services are central. The author added that a historically based understanding presents a richer, more considered context for planning for the future than would otherwise be possible. The author was intrigued by the paradox that history is only in part about the past. History, as the author would argue, provides a way to think about the present and the future. The idea that people learn from the past seems to powerful in its implications, but it is not easy to grasp how people learn or what is actually learned. One cannot simply apply history in a given situation, though every situation has a historical context that can illuminate the situation. The author stated that we are nothing without a past. Personal, social and institutional identities are inevitably created in important ways by experience through time, that is, historically.

CHANGES IN TECHNOLOGY and evolving trends in contemporary scholarship are enhancing the role of the research library as the principal custodian of the written and printed artifacts that serve as primary sources for studying the literature and history of western Europe from the Middle Ages to the eighteenth century. In order to respond to an increasing desire of scholars to examine original source materials in their original state, the Newberry Library has pursued new avenues of interinstitutional cooperation in collection development. These new approaches include: 1. A unique program of joint acquisitions with five midwestern institutions of higher education. 2. The en bloc acquisition of rare book collections from religious colleges and seminaries, and 3. The acquisition of selected books, appropriately deemed out of scope, from museums and historical sites open to the general public. Proceeding in this manner, the Newberry Library has since 1991 added eighteen medieval manuscripts and several thousand rare printed volumes, dating from the fifteenth to the eighteenth century, significantly augmenting the preexisting strengths of its holdings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents information on the World Wide Web site for the `Cataloging & Classification Quarterly' electronic journal. Timeliness in communicating the results of research among librarians; First Web site for a professional journal in librarianship; Characteristic method of making abstracts available well in advance of the print version; History of electronic texts.

The evolution of the Finnish libraries is closely related to the country's history. Between 1809 and 1817, Finland was an autonomous Grand Duchy within the Russian Empire, and the Royal Academy Library in Turku received a copy of each printed publication, under the Legal Deposit Act from 1820. The Finnish intelligentsia was more and more aware of the importance of the education as a guard shield against the Russification of Finland. A turning point in Finnish libraries' evolution was the Swedish Decree on Elementary Schools (1842) which included a recommendation to establish school libraries. Towards the end of the 19th century the urge for starting a dynamic campaign to enhance popular enlightment spread all over the country and simultaneously the Finnish nationalist movement called Fennomania became stronger. As a result, libraries were perceived as a free source of knowledge and spread to all corners of the country. In the early 20th century, in Finland there were 1.800 municipal libraries and other 1.000 belonging to private organizations. The article represents a sequel of the previous issue, and highlights the unique aspects of the Finnish libraries' history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An essay is presented on the author's experience as a reference librarian having to train herself to work in the archived special collections on Franco-American life at the University of Southern Maine. She discusses how she attained the position when the coordinator for the collection was lost, and the challenges it presented.