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Concrete Mathematics manipulative (APM) are developed to assist children in learning Mathematical concepts and facilitate children’s Mathematics activities to support children’s higher-order thinking skill (HOTS) development. As a stage in development research, one of the study’s objectives was to find out concrete APM product’s acceptability by children. Acceptability was measured by the TAM approach. The research subjects were Primary School-Junior High School children who were allowed to use these products in schools, learning groups, and playgroups, totaling 170 children. The variables studied were perceived ease to use, perceived usefulness, attitude toward using, and behavioral intention. The statistical analysis applied was Covarian Based Structural Equation Modelling (CB-SEM) with a hybrid model (a CFA and model structural) and used Maximum Likelihood estimation. The CFA first-order model’s estimation and evaluation results showed that the research model had fulfilled good fit criteria, and a reliable variable is PEU. Meanwhile, Estimation and Structural Model Evaluation showed that the most significant influence was on PU and PEU’s relationship towards ATU. The conclusion was that the usefulness and ease of use perceived by children affected the attitudes, which further mediated using, which was quite high (87%).

Parereja village is located in Brebes Regency, Central Java. Brebes Regency is one of the regencies with a low human development index indicator. Regency condition describes the village unit condition in regency area. The main strategic issues in Brebes Regency Long-Term Regional Program Plan are education and health fields, the two of which cannot be separated. The target communities for technology utilization in villager’s empowerment were elementary school-aged children, POSPAUD mothers, and women. During Covid 19 pandemic, many things caused face-to-face activities impossible. Community empowerment programs were done by implementing healthy living pocketbooks for children, using social media as a reference for making educational props and early childhood development activities, and education and life skills training. Technology applications for making pocketbooks were using pinterest.com references and batik tutorial videos. Positive children’s responses showed the successful use of pocket books. POSPAUD mothers’ success was shown by children’s creativity products, and the success of women’s programs was shown by batik products. This activity was beneficial for the program’s success and met technology literacy targets (technology literacy).

The purposes of this study were obtained the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the learning tools that have been integrated teacher stimulus that has been formulated in the design of mathematics learning of fifth grade of elementary school. This development research refers to the 4-D development model developed by Sivasailam et al. (1974) consisted of 4 stages of definition, design, development, and disseminate. This research did not reach the fourth stage. The learning model used is 1) Teams Games Tournament model with the research subjects of Plalangan 1 public elementary school students as many as 44 students with integrated stimulus were problem-posing and the use of manipulative teaching aids, 2) Creative Problem Solving with research subjects Pakintelan 1 public elementary school students with 25 students with stimulus that is integrated were a mathematical game and the use of manipulative. The research instruments were mathematical games, math game discussion sheets, test sheets, problem-posing discussion sheets, tests containing problem posing, student response questionnaire sheets, learning material validation sheets, and learning implementation sheets. The results showed that the learning materials in Plalangan 1 that integrated stimulus problem posing and the use of manipulative were valid, effective, and practical. The results showed that the learning tools in Pakintelan 1 that integrated the stimulus of mathematical games and the use of manipulative were valid, effective, and practical. The further research by applying mathematical stimulus games, problem posing, and the use of manipulative to describe high-level thinking of elementary school students.

The large number of out-of-school children in Brebes district is handled by Back to School Movement (GKB) program. The program is implemented as a participation program for all stakeholders, district government, regional education organization, school principals, village heads, community organizations, and other society elements. How is Parereja village’s role in supporting GKB program? This study is a case study, which researchers were as instruments and directly involved in the respondents’ activities. The role of Parereja village in succeeding GKB was indicated by the description of series of activities in preparing it returning out of school children in their areas. Under the coordination of village head, Education Care Community Forum (FMPP) was having collaboration with existing community organizations. The series of activities included verifying and validating data for out-of-school children, continuing advocacy to out-of-school children and their families carried out by children’s forum with a peer approach. In conclusion, the role of Parereja village with village FMPP together with partners was the key to the success of GKB program in Brebes district. Out-of-school children of Parereja village that joined PKBM were more than in formal schools. There were 76% successive additions and 35% from the previous year.

Much research has been done on creativity and the results can be easily found in journals, however, research on scientific creativity as a domain-specific creativity is still relatively rare. Therefore, it is necessary to study the literature to reveal the scope of research on the topic of scientific creativity. To achieve this aim, a literature review was carried out with the procedure adopted from the PRISMA statement. A total of 49 articles obtained from the IJSE, DOAJ, ERIC, IOP Science, ScienceDirect, and Springer Link websites, in the 2001-2019 period, were analyzed. The results showed that the three journals that published the most scientific creativity articles were JEP, IJSE, and CRJ. And, the three countries with the most contributing authors were Turkey, Indonesia, and Taiwan. Except for one critical review article, the research types of all articles analyzed were an empirical study, which consisted of at least five sub-topics of scientific creativity.

These research aims were described teacher’s stimulus in mathematics learning for developing thinking the skill of Junior High School students grade VIII, and perceived teacher’s perception about a scientific approach and thinking of Junior High School students grade VIII. This descriptive-qualitative research involved professional working group for mathematics that is the Association of Mathematics Teacher (Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran, MGMP) in Semarang. The first step of the research was forum group discussion with 19 mathematics teachers grades VIII in Association of Mathematics Teacher Semarang. The second step was research in SMPN 23 Semarang and SMPN 36 Semarang. Data collection techniques include a questionnaire about teacher’s stimulus for facilitating student’s thinking; a questionnaire about students response based on teacher’s stimulus; a survey about teacher’s perception in a scientific approach, thinking, and 2013 Curriculum in the field; and observation sheet about teacher’s stimulus for facilitating student’s thinking. Method and sources triangulation used in this research. The result were teachers already have a good understanding about a scientific approach, and this research recommends problem posing, numerical investigation, and open-ended task as teacher stimulus in developing students’ thinking ability in mathematics learning in Junior High School.

The purpose of this study is to analyze terminal velocity of a spherical ball in the liquid viscosity experiment. The analysis was performed using a simple calculus approach. Using the limit of v (t) as t approaches infinity (t → ∞) and the asymptotic value (v(t) = ∞) as well as the differential and integral operations, the terminal velocity can be estimated. The time to reach the terminal velocity and the distance traveled by a spherical ball can also be determined. Therefore, the factors that affect the terminal velocity, the time to reach that velocity, and the distance traveled can be analyzed. Such information may be used to improve the design of the experiment.

Manipulatives are needed by teachers to facilitate students understand of mathematics which is abstract. As a prospective mathematics teacher, the student must have good skills in making manipulatives. Aims of this study is to describe the implementation of learning courses of manipulative workshop in mathematics education courses by lecturer at Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang which includes the preparation of learning, general professional ability, the professional capacity specifically, ability of self-development, development class managing, planning and implementation of learning, a way of delivering the material, and evaluation of learning outcomes. Data collection techniques used were questionnaires, interviews, and observation. The research instrument consisted of a questionnaire sheet, sheet observation and interview guides. Validity is determined using data triangulation and triangulation methods. Data were analyzed using an interactive model. The results showed that the average value of activities in preparation for learning, fosters capabilities of general professional, specialized professional, self-development, manage the classroom, implementing the learning, how to deliver the material, and how to evaluate learning outcomes are 79%, 73%, 67%, 75%, 83%, 72%, 64%, and 54%, respectively

The students' problem-solving ability in mathematics learning still becomes a challenge for teachers, especially in primary education. The scientific approach, with its activities including observing, asking, collecting information/experimenting/trying, associating/analysing information/reasoning, communicating/presenting/ networking is expected to be able to help students to achieve their competence of reasoning and problem-solving. The Missouri Mathematics Project learning by using student worksheet and manipulative (classical and group) have helped students achieved problem-solving competence. The implementation of scientific approach in the activities of observing, experimenting, and communicating are good. However, the questioning and associating activities are still less promoted. The result of observation towards four meetings of learning by using teaching aids shows that the expected activity which did not emerge during the learning is "students ask questions from the factual thing to hypothetical thing, starting with guidance from teacher until they can do by themselves". The result of analysis towards theoretical background and research result conclude that the students' asking and thinking abilities can be developed gradually by delivering stimuli in the form of tasks which have been designed by the teacher. The task could be a problem or a clue; then the students determine things such as: "what the question?", "facts from pictures/text/graphs/tables", "find the hidden question", what's extra?", "what's missing?", "what's wrong?", alternatively, "make up the problem.