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A few miles east of Bristol, Indiana, just south of State Road 120, stands what has been called the most photographed building in Elkhart County. The red, barnlike structure bears [...]

INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY I have taught or co-taught sabermetrics in the mathematics department at the United States Military Academy several times. We covered all the metrics but what always interested [...]

A Visitation of God: Northern Civilians Interpret the Civil War. By Sean A. Scott. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. ix + 347 pp. $74.00 cloth. In the early 1960s, [...]

Satchel Paige's America. By William Price Fox. (Tuscaloosa, Ala.: University of Alabama Press, 2005. Pp. 142. $16.95.) Pitching great Dizzy Dean once claimed that Hall of Famer Leroy 'Satchel' Paige [...]

This article reconsiders the complex relationship between Quakers and African slavery during the early eighteenth century by examining a small contingent of Quaker merchants who directed the intercolonial African slave trade in Philadelphia. This is much more than an aberrant moment in the larger story of Quaker antislavery. The first two decades of the eighteenth century, when Quakers were the colony's largest slave owners and most active in the slave trade, witnessed the coalescence of a declining economic interest in the intercolonial slave trade and the emergence of an embryotic conversation about the morality of African slavery. Rather than focusing on the moral and religious critique of slavery, this article instead reorients our focus to the crucial role that practical considerations and economic motivations played in the evolution of antislavery among the Society of Friends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

American Folklore consists of traditional knowledge and cultural practices engaged by inhabitants of the United States below Canada and above Mexico. American folklorists were influenced by nineteenth-century European humanistic scholarship that identified in traditional stories, songs, and speech among lower class peasants an artistic quality and claim to cultural nationalism. The United States, however, appeared to lack a peasant class and shared racial and ethnic stock associated in European perceptions with the production of folklore. The United States was a relatively young nation, compared to the ancient legacies of European kingdoms, and geographically the country's boundaries had moved since its inception to include an assortment of landscapes and peoples. Popularly, folklore in the United States is rhetorically used to refer to the veracity, and significance, of cultural knowledge in an uncertain, rapidly changing, individualistic society. It frequently refers to the expressions of this knowledge in story, song, speech, custom, and craft as meaningful for what it conveys and enacts about tradition in a future-oriented country. The essay provides the argument that folklore studies in the United States challenge Euro-centered humanistic legacies by emphasizing patterns associated with the American experience that are (1) democratic, (2) vernacular, and (3) incipient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars interested in researching nuclear security are increasingly expressing the fear that the “important questions” have already been answered. At the same time, recent studies highlight the potential for major limitations on the ability to conduct casual inference on nuclear proliferation in particular, suggesting perhaps that we know much less than was previously believed. Although recognizing these challenges, this article argues that there remain ample opportunities to conduct innovative scholarship on questions of nuclear security. New nuclear challenges bring fresh opportunities for the next generation of research on topics including limited nuclear war; nuclear nonproliferation diplomacy; emerging technology, weapons proliferation and strategic stability; nuclear modernization and arms races; and many other issues. More precise theory, new data, and improved methods of inference also allow researchers to revisit and possibly resolve persistent debates. Although the problems confronting research on nuclear security are serious, they can be addressed. In sum, the questions in this field are so consequential that they deserve the best available analytical attention, even if the resulting answers are not perfect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Images in the post-Civil War illustrated press regularly featured disability, manipulating it to make arguments which went beyond the obvious attempts to excoriate the South for attempting to dismember the Union and to acknowledge the sacrifices of the men who preserved it. These illustrations, however, have not received the attention they deserve, either in histories of the war’s effects or in disability studies scholarship. To call attention to these over-looked sources, this essay explores the uses of disability inHarper’s Weeklyillustrations, focusing on depictions of Union army veterans with missing legs in the first two years after the war. These illustrations reflect complex attitudes towards disabled veterans after the war and offer a clear lesson in the ways disability is socially and culturally constructed as well as historically contingent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between 1669 and 1686, René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle undertook several expeditions in North America. During his journeys, he relied on the services of numerous individuals who were under his control. Some were Indian slaves whom he exchanged like chattel during cross-cultural negotiations while other enslaved natives worked as guides, hunters, and interpreters. His European companions were also enmeshed in unequal relationships that ranged from contracted voyageurs to donnés who labored for Catholic missionaries. This article employs the records left by those who traveled with La Salle to reconstruct the varieties of bondage that they encountered in the heart of the continent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

James Gillray represented the horrid barbarities of the French revolutionaries in his famous political satires which dramatised the event and showed Louis XVI as a martyr. He made the public aware of the dangers of the French Revolution and transferred the bloody massacres in a British context for the purpose of propaganda, warning his fellow countrymen against the disorder, violence and anarchy which could spread over to Britain. James Gillray took a conservative stance and his hand-coloured etchings alluded to the harmful effects of the French Revolution which threatened British stability, the Monarchy and the Constitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When influencing the allocation of federal dollars across the country, do presidents strictly pursue maximally efficient outcomes, or do they systematically target dollars to politically influential constituencies? In a county-level analysis of federal spending from 1984 to 2008, we find that presidents are not universalistic, but particularistic-that is, they reliably direct dollars to specific constituents to further their political goals. As others have noted, presidents target districts represented by their co-partisans in Congress in the pursuit of influence vis- 'a-vis the legislature. But we show that, at much higher levels, presidents target both counties within swing states and counties in core states that strongly supported the president in recent elections. Swing state particularism is especially salient during presidential reelection years, and core partisan counties within swing states are most heavily rewarded. Rather than strictly pursuing visions of good public policy or pandering to the national median voter, our results suggest that presidents systematically prioritize the needs of politically important constituents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This biography discusses nineteenth-century English cartographer and surveyor Andrew Bryant, born William Andrewes Bryant on August 23, 1799 to attorney William Bryant and his wife Charlotte Andrewes in Reigate, England. He was responsible for creating thirteen county maps of Great Britain, published between 1822 and 1835, as part of the subscribed "‘British Atlas, or a Series of Maps of the Counties of England and Wales, made from new surveys." He retired from professional pursuits after his mother's death in 1835, married Agnes Jane Sealy in 1853, and died in 1878.

Consumed most visibly at the tea table, slave-grown sugar symbolized the corrupting influence the ‘world of goods’ might have on consumers, especially women. This article examines the influence of contemporary debates about gender and commerce on the boycott of slave-grown sugar. In response to William Fox's popular tract, the movement adopted the gendered language of the tea ritual. By shifting the focus of the slave-trade debate to the tea table, supporters of abstention generated widespread support from Britons, including many who otherwise might not have participated in the boycott of slave-grown sugar. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Paedagogica Historica is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Focusing on efforts by British political radicals in the later eighteen-thirties to commemorate Maurice Margarot as one of the 'Scottish martyrs' transported for sedition in 1794, this article argues that Chartist-era memorial practices represented a reaction to contemporary conservative built-form monuments which sought to use urban space to inculcate loyalism among metropolitan residents. Second, the article shows that divisions within radicalism during the eighteen-thirties meant that efforts to commemorate the martyrs constructed the radical past in a significantly restrictive way, emphasizing constitutionalist strands of the movement and marginalizing its more utopian, revolutionary or 'Jacobin' strains. Finally, by examining memories of political transportation with an eye to the domestic context, the article also seeks to make a contribution to ongoing debates about the place of empire within popular radicalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A database of 480 Archaic-aged babies buried in twenty-one sites in the Ohio Valley was divided into fetuses, newborns and infants 2 months to 24 months old in order to examine potential differential treatment of the three classes of babies. Most of these babies died between 7000 and 3500 years ago. Burials were examined for single or group interment and types of grave goods. Unlike other papers investigating infants, this research is not directed at social status of parents but rather at the evidence for ritual killings of babies (n = 55) and for infanticide (n = 16). In so doing it has also been possible to offer observations on adultery killings of women and other treatments of mothers. The only significant difference between Middle Archaic and Late Archaic treatment of newborns and older infants was the greater inclusion of both age groups in multiple graves during the Late Archaic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of TOPIA: Canadian Journal of Cultural Studies (University of Toronto Press) is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article considers various aspects of the Oscan cursing tablets. In particular, it examines the binding formulae, the cursing typologies, and the thematic classification of these texts, comparing them with cursing tablets pertaining to other cultural areas. It considers also the peculiar textual and linguistic aspects of the Oscan corpus, setting it in the context of linguistic studies and the history of magic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies of the Irish in New Zealand tend to focus predominantly on sectarian issues and respective ‘identities’. While class is explored to a lesser extent, it is mainly through the lens of occupational status. Overall, migrant poverty and criminality in that colonial setting has received the least attention from historians, because the socio-economic profile of the majority of Irish immigrants was generally of a higher status. This article traces a group of poor assisted immigrants that departed Cork at very short notice in 1874 and examines how some of them achieved notoriety in New Zealand. Using a combination of poor law records, shipping records, newspapers, government reports and criminal statistics, this article traces the fortunes of the single Irish workhouse girls. Irish Poor Law registers can be notoriously tricky to negotiate and present many problems for historians. Periodically Poor Law Guardians invested in assisted immigration schemes and to that end they surrendered groups of migrants. In so doing, the guardians bound individuals by a range of similarities—marital status, social class, fiscal means, age, abilities and gender to mention but a few—and such groups lend themselves to case-study analysis. As prophesised by those who argued against its foundation, the poor law network in Ireland both created and exacerbated many social problems. In many respects, when over-crowding occurred, it offered little by way of training and thus created a stasis for poverty. Building on recent case studies of ‘wild workhouse girls’ undertaken by Anna Clark on the South Dublin Union and Virginia Crossman on a Wexford Union, this research explores the concept of ‘modulation’ used by Patrick Fitzgerald and Brian Lambkin in the context of migration, whereby migrants were at the mercy of the host community to decide whether they can be accepted or rejected.1 This article traces and links the ‘institutionalised’ behavioural patterns of these poor, unskilled, single, young women with indefinite periods of ‘modulation’ in a negotiated space between rejection, vice, incarceration and an existence on the ‘outside’. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article offers information on the history of Agricultural and Applied Economics Association (AAEA) Research Awards. It states that the AAEA started its research awards for the best journal article in the "Journal of Farm Economics (JFE)" in 1945 and was stopped in 1948 for they were unable to find a volunteer to lead the selection committee for the 1948 award. Furthermore, after deliberations and solicitations to establish an award fund, the AAEA began to resume its awards program in 1950.

A list of chronological articles related to the history of science and its cultural influence is presented including "Renal and Rectal Disease Texts," by Markham J. Geller and "On the Orientation of Ancient Egyptian Temples," by Juan Antonio Belmonte and Mosalam Shaltout.