Search

Many drugs or additives have been tried as adjuvants in the blocking of nerve blocks with local anesthetics, and it is aimed to increase the duration of action and analgesia quality of local anesthetics in this way. In this study, we aimed to see the adjuvant efficacy of Dexmedetomidine [Dex] added to bupivacaine and its effect on analgesia and histopathological effects in rabbits by administering sevoflurane anesthesia. Twenty-four rabbits were randomly allocated to 3 groups; Group S: sham [0.5 ml saline], Group B: perineural bupivacaine [0.5 mg/kg] [0.5 ml] and Group BD: perineural bupivacaine [0.5 mg/kg] combined with Dex [20 µr/kg] [0.5 ml]. Analgesia measurement was evaluated by hotplate test, the paw withdrawal response was performed for sensorial and motor blockades also were recorded at baseline, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after drug administration. Dissected nerve tissue was also examined for histopathologic evaluation. In the hot-plate test applied for the measurement of acute thermal pain; when compared to Group S, significant prolongation was found in Group B and Group BD at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes [p<0.05]. When Group BD was compared with Group B, a significant prolongation was found at 60 minutes [p=0.012]. No significant difference was found in other times. No significant differences were found between the groups in sensory and motor block tests. In the BD group, compared to the B group, edema and inflammation in the epineurium and surrounding tissues were significantly reduced on the 1st day [p<0.05]. On the 14th day, there was no difference in terms of edema. In rabbits administered sevoflurane anesthesia, the mixture of bupivacaine and Dex applied to provide analgesia in the application of sciatic block prolongs the delay time and increases the quality of analgesia in the hot-plate test evaluating acute thermal pain. Dex added to bupivacaine contributed positively when the analyzed histopathological parameters were evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To compare thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy with histopathological examination results. Material and Methods: Postoperative histopathological examination results of 361 patients, who were thyroidectomized between December 2010 and October 2017 in Inonu University Turgut Ozal Medical Center Department of General Surgery and whose preoperative FNAB registries we could reach were evaluated retrospectively. Biopsies made in external centers were included in preoperative FNAB results. FNAB results were examined according to Bethesda 2007 in 6 categories: unsatisfactory, benign, atypia of undetermined significance, follicular lesion-neoplasm or suspicious for a neoplasm, suspicious for malignancy and malignant. Histopathological results of patients with incidental malignancy were presumed benign. Results: Among the 361 patients that were included in the study, 274 were female (75.9%), 87 were male(24.1%). Mean age of the patients in the benign group was 49.1±12.5 years, and 48.6±13.5 years in the malignant group. It was found that FNAB's sensitivity was 83.9 %, specificity was 92.4%, false positive rate was 16.1% and false negative rate was 7.6%. Conclusion: FNAB is reported as the gold standard for preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules. In our study, however, it was seen that FNAB was not adequate alone to detect malignancy. This situation suggests the importance of collaboration between radiologist, cytopathologist and clinician. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate 6 cases of inguinoscrotal ectopic adrenal nodules, which were detected in 2 hospitals. Materials and methods: A total of 296 male patients who had inguinoscrotal surgery between 2009 and 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. Bright yellow nodular lesions, resembling the adrenal tissue, were excised during surgery. Histopathologic examination of these samples was performed and the clinical data of the patients were evaluated. Results: Ectopic adrenal tissue was detected in 6 patients (2.02%). The mean age of the patients was 4.6 years (range: 3 months to 9 years) years. Ectopic adrenal nodules were localized in the spermatic cord, in the vicinity of the epididymis and appendix testis, on the epididymis, and on the tunica albuginea of an atrophic testis undergoing orchiectomy due to intraabdominal localization. Adrenal cortex cells were found in 5 patients, and both cortex and medullar cells were found in 1 patient. No malign transformation was detected. Hormonal, biochemical, hematologic, and urinary analyses did not yield any significant results. Conclusion: Inguinoscrotal ectopic adrenal tissues are incidentally detected lesions during surgical interventions. They are benign lesions associated with no significant symptoms. Nevertheless, it is considered to be of benefit to remove these tissues in order to perform histopathological evaluation for differential diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]