1. Structural basis for PRC2 decoding of active histone methylation marks H3K36me2/3.
- Author
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Finogenova K, Bonnet J, Poepsel S, Schäfer IB, Finkl K, Schmid K, Litz C, Strauss M, Benda C, and Müller J
- Subjects
- Animals, Baculoviridae, Catalytic Domain, Cell Line, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Drosophila Proteins genetics, Drosophila melanogaster, Gene Expression Regulation, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase genetics, Humans, Methylation, Models, Molecular, Mutation, Protein Conformation, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Xenopus, Drosophila Proteins metabolism, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase metabolism, Histones metabolism
- Abstract
Repression of genes by Polycomb requires that PRC2 modifies their chromatin by trimethylating lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3). At transcriptionally active genes, di- and tri-methylated H3K36 inhibit PRC2. Here, the cryo-EM structure of PRC2 on dinucleosomes reveals how binding of its catalytic subunit EZH2 to nucleosomal DNA orients the H3 N-terminus via an extended network of interactions to place H3K27 into the active site. Unmodified H3K36 occupies a critical position in the EZH2-DNA interface. Mutation of H3K36 to arginine or alanine inhibits H3K27 methylation by PRC2 on nucleosomes in vitro . Accordingly, Drosophila H3K36A and H3K36R mutants show reduced levels of H3K27me3 and defective Polycomb repression of HOX genes. The relay of interactions between EZH2, the nucleosomal DNA and the H3 N-terminus therefore creates the geometry that permits allosteric inhibition of PRC2 by methylated H3K36 in transcriptionally active chromatin., Competing Interests: KF, JB, SP, IS, KF, KS, CL, MS, CB, JM No competing interests declared, (© 2020, Finogenova et al.)
- Published
- 2020
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