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Recent progress in quantum electrodynamics (QED) calculations of highly charged ions is reviewed. The theoretical predictions for the binding energies, the hyperfine splittings, and the g factors are presented and compared with available experimental data. Special attention is paid to tests of bound-state QED at strong field regime. Future prospects for tests of QED at the strongest electric and magnetic fields as well as for determination of the fine structure constant and the nuclear magnetic moments with heavy ions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Doubly differential cross sections for projectile ionization in fast collisions of few-electron uranium ions with the nitrogen target are calculated within the first order of the relativistic perturbation theory. A comparison with the recent measurements of the energy distribution of forward-emitted electrons is made and good agreement is found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A review of the current status of the theoretical study of spectral line profile for systems with few electrons is given in this paper. The hydrogen atom and highly charged ions are presented in this work. In particular, the line profiles for cascade processes, the asymmetry of the line profile beyond the resonance approximation and the overlap of the resonances are investigated. The line profile approach is introduced for the investigation of the energy levels and the transition probabilities for bound electrons within the framework of quantum electrodynamics. The energies and transition probabilities for few-electron systems are evaluated. The line profile approach is also applied to the case of the quasidegenerate levels in highly charged ions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This review surveys the quantum theory of electromagnetic radiation for atomic systems. In particular, a review of current theoretical studies of multiphoton processes in one and two-electron atoms and highly charged ions is provided. Grounded on the quantum electrodynamics description the multiphoton transitions in presence of cascades, spin–statistic behaviour of equivalent photons and influence of external electric fields on multiphoton in atoms and anti-atoms are discussed. Finally, the nonresonant corrections which define the validity of the concept of the excited state energy levels are introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We develop an efficient numerical implementation of the relativistic time-dependent density functional theory (RTDDFT) to study multielectron highly-charged ions subject to intense linearly-polarized laser fields. The interaction with the electromagnetic field is described within the electric dipole approximation. The resulting time-dependent relativistic Kohn–Sham (RKS) equations possess an axial symmetry and are solved accurately and efficiently with the help of the time-dependent generalized pseudospectral method. As a case study, we calculate multiphoton ionization probabilities of the neutral argon atom and argon-like xenon ion. Relativistic effects are assessed by comparison of our present results with existing non-relativistic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]