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Internationalisation of the curriculum (IoC) is typically approached very differently across national, institutional and disciplinary contexts. This paper reports on research on internationalisation of the curriculum in Latin America and discusses its potential to provoke disruptive innovation in higher education internationalisation. Traditionally, approaches to internationalisation of the curriculum in Latin American universities have been focused almost solely on student mobility programs. The research reported in this paper was conducted by a project team from Brazil and Australia in 2021-2022. A qualitative methodology was used. Methods included a tri-lingual literature review of scholarly publications on curriculum internationalisation in English, Portuguese and Spanish and a modified e-Delphi methodology with a panel of experts comprising international higher education scholars and practitioners working in Latin America (and conducted in Spanish, Portuguese and English). The purpose of the research was to identify ways in which existing approaches to internationalising the curriculum in Latin America might be enhanced in order to provide more students with opportunities to develop international perspectives and intercultural knowledge and skills. The research found that there is significant potential to achieve this outcome if the process of internationalising the curriculum is approached as a long-term project involving complex collaborative boundary work.

The internationalization of higher education has changed over time due to government programs and incentives. In response to these demands, universities have sought to develop internationalization actions that encompass the entire university community. This article aims to analyze the internationalization strategies contained in the plans and policies of Brazilian higher education institutions (HEIs) that participate in the Institutional Internationalization Program -- CAPES PrInt Program. It is a qualitative study, conducted from documentary research, and data processing was carried out based on content analysis. Data analysis showed five priority areas: Teaching; Language Policies; Research; Outreach, Culture and Art and Management. Among internationalization strategies developed by HEIs in Brazil, no predominant internationalization model exists, but the coexistence between the different forms of internationalization characterizes the search for an identity that reflects the features of Brazilian higher education. The results reveal the direction that Brazilian HEIs are taking toward the institutionalization of internationalization and its contribution to the consolidation of the field of internationalization of higher education.

This article analyzes the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Brazilian context and highlights the impacts of internationalization of higher education in the country. Qualitative in nature, the article is characterized as an exploratory-descriptive research, carried out from a bibliographic and documentary examination. Analysis: it was revealed that Latin America and the Caribbean are parts of the global regions most affected by the pandemic that experienced severe negative aggravation in their economies. In particular, in Brazil, findings reveal that the repercussions of the crisis impacted the public resources for education through budget cuts, while the private institutions suffered from an increase in defaults and evasion. Internationalization as a transversal dimension of higher education also suffered from the effects of the pandemic, and in Brazil, information and communication technologies were used to maintain international and intercultural learning and academic cooperation. This made it possible to increase the number of students benefited and to print out an equitable perspective on internationalization of higher education. For the future, it will be necessary to consolidate strategies that include information and communication technologies and promote the strengthening of cooperation networks, with the development of policies that support a more symmetrical relationship in the South-South and South-North, even in unfavorable scenarios.

The objective of this article is to analyze the strategies adopted by Brazilian universities for the continuity of higher education internationalization actions during the pandemic of COVID-19. Taking as a guide the stages of development of the internationalization of higher education proposed by Brandenburg; de Wit; Jones; Leask & Drobner (2020), a new stage of development is proposed: the virtualization. The research results suggest that it will continue after the pandemic. In an empirical qualitative study, conducted with six Brazilian Higher Education Institutions well evaluated by the Times Higher Education 2020 ranking, it was identified that the Internationalization actions developed to contribute to a new sustainable model of internationalization in the country, based on virtualization of Internationalization at Home, and that meets the main objective of the internationalization of higher education: to provide opportunities for all students to develop international perspectives and intercultural competencies during their formative journey.

Social inclusion policy in higher education--also referenced as affirmative action, reservations, schedules, or antidiscrimination--has been used widely to promote equity and access for minority and historically discriminated subgroups who wish to participate in tertiary education. Inclusion is often protected de jure through a country's constitution. Even so, the effects of the legislation vary according to the context within which it was instituted. This article offers a comparative review of the historical and legal evolution of social inclusion in higher education in Brazil, India, South Africa, and the United States and the educational outcomes created by systems of social inclusion around the world. The development and impacts of these policies are discussed within the frameworks of social inclusion and critical legal studies to suggest that social inclusion policy links higher education to its place.

Internationalization at Home (IaH) has become a strategic priority in higher education research, policy and practice, although there is still a lack of conceptual clarity around its meaning and practical applications and implications. This paper aims to shed empirical insight into how this concept is understood by higher education staff. It follows a multiple-case study design to explore bottom-up understandings of IaH by 18 staff in two universities in Brazil and the UK. Findings yielded by a thematic analysis of two focus group sessions forefront three dimensions when enacting an IaH agenda: (1) the institutional or organizational side of internationalization, (2) teaching and learning aspects, and (3) personal experiences of the social actors involved in internationalization processes. Within these dimensions, four baseline features should be considered for a bottom-up understanding of IaH: institutional strategizing, international curricula, student integration, and inclusivity of IaH. Implications for future research highlight the importance of furthering empirically grounded definitions of IaH via a bottom-up and top-down development of the concept that clarifies the epistemology of equity it represents. Implications for practice point to the urge of attending to staff perceptions whilst exploring macro-, meso- and micro-contextual conditions and needs.

This article presents a study that analyses interviews of African students participating in the PEC academic mobility programme, so to gain an understanding of the individual and corporate experience of living and studying in Brazil. However, our analysis also demonstrates a highly significant finding that the historical process of colonisation, experienced for centuries by the Great South, has impinged on the outlook held by individuals from the Great South, who tend to understand that the Great North is the desirable option. Consequently, this attitude has directly affected South-South relations and the cooperation between developing and emerging countries. The work of Franz Fanon, who is a pivotal figure in the process of decolonisation, serves as a framework for our analysis because it both conceptualises and demonstrates the symptoms of psychological violence in a colonised context. As it will become clear, this has ramifications for the process of internationalisation and globalisation of Higher Education.

This article is an overview of a doctoral dissertation which presents statements from graduates of the University for All Program (PROUNI) from a non-profit Brazilian university, who were admitted to university through this program. The methodology used was qualitative with a focus on textual analysis. The objective is to identify the outcomes brought about by the PROUNI graduates and to determine the importance of student engagement to improved learning and overcoming difficulties. The results are established in the dimensions of the quality of higher education: admission, process and result. In the admission dimension, the possibility of access to university education is highlighted through the affirmative action program PROUNI. In the process dimension, there is student engagement, the difficulties faced along the way and the retention of this student profile in the teaching institution. In the result dimension, the impacts on society are pointed out - namely, inclusion and the impacts on higher education institutions. The impacts on institutions are related to their social responsibility regarding social inclusion and to student performance, among other aspects. The impacts on society are in the context of employability, satisfaction and the motivational effect that the graduates have on the people around them.

The purpose of this study was to examine similarities and differences in students' capacities for socially responsible leadership as well as significant predictors of its development at a higher education institution in Mexico as compared with US schools. Results revealed that Mexican students both entered and left college with significantly higher capacities than their US peers. The collegiate environment contributed significantly to explaining student capacity in both cultural contexts, and leadership efficacy explained a greater amount of the variance in scores among students at the Mexican institution than those at US institutions. (Contains 2 tables.)

Abstract The paper addresses, based on international and national bibliographic research, the concept of first-generation student (F-Gen) and his/her characteristics as it applies to the Brazilian context. It takes into account the results of Enade (Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes) (2015, 2016, 2017) on the profile of the student, providing some indicators about diversity in Higher Education access by examining degree completion of first-generation college student (F-Gen) while contrasting it with that of continuing college students (C-Gen). The paper concludes discussing the complexity of the concept of being first generation, while suggesting ways how it can be used in assessing college participation in higher education.

A produção do conhecimento científico no país está sediada, prioritariamente, na pós-graduação. Este artigo analisa a cooperação internacional nesse nível de educação. As fontes dos dados são relatórios institucionais e informações com técnicos do CNPq e da Capes e abordam: acordos bilaterais e multilaterais, estrangeiros com bolsa no país e brasileiros com bolsa no exterior. As análises confirmam a presença do modelo periférico de internacionalização nas IES, apesar da crescente internacionalização na pesquisa e na pós-graduação do país. Apontam também para a convivência de dois modelos de cooperação internacional: a predominância do modelo de Cooperação Internacional Tradicional - CIT, fundamentado na competitividade e na ocupação de espaço no mercado globalizado, e a tendência, embora de menor porte, a partir de 2003, do modelo de Cooperação Internacional Horizontal - CIH, fundamentado na consciência internacional e no fortalecimento da capacidade científica endógena dos parceiros mais fragilizados.The Brazilian scientific knowledge production is realized, basically, in the graduate education level. This paper analyses the international cooperation in this education level. The sources of the dates are institutional reports and information with the staff of the CNPq and CAPES and studies about bilateral and multilateral agreements, foreign with scholarship in the country and Brazilians with scholarship in the other countries. The results confirm the presence of the internationalization periphery model in the HEIs despite the expansion of the internationalization at the research and at the graduate level. The results show the coexistence of the two internationalization models: the predominance of the traditional international cooperation - CIT, based in the competition and in the collocation in the globalized labor market and the tendency, in spite of little, from 2003, of the Horizontal International Model - CIH, based at the international consciences and in the consolidation endogen scientific capacity of more fragile partners.

O artigo aborda a questão da equidade no Ensino Superior sob três focos: equidade de acesso, de participação e de resultados. Reflete e questiona o que é equidade nesse nível de ensino. O referencial teórico considera os estudos apresentados na Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) 2008 e outros. Apresenta um comparativo estatístico entre as últimas médias dos alunos aprovados no vestibular de uma IES pública, em 2008, e o argumento último dos aprovados no vestibular da mesma instituição, em 2007. A interlocução teórica e o estudo estatístico caracterizam o estado de conhecimento do assunto sob aspectos qualitativos e quantitativos, fortalecendo a identificação dos fatores intervenientes à equidade ou iniquidade no Ensino Superior. Destaca a existência de políticas de ações afirmativas como uma forma de aumentar a equidade de acesso. Os resultados apontam a existência da iniquidade no ensino público fundamental e médio. O artigo ressalta a necessidade de estudos mais aprofundados acerca da equidade na Educação.En el artículo se analiza la cuestión de la equidad en la Educación Superior a partir de tres fuentes: la equidad de acceso, de participación y de resultados. Refleja en tela de juicio lo que es equidad en ese nivel de la educación. El marco teórico utilizado se basa en estudios presentados en la Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) 2008. Muestra una comparación estadística entre la última media de los estudiantes aprobados en el examen de una IES pública, en 2008, y el último argumento de los aprobados en la misma institución, en 2007. El diálogo teórico y estudio estadístico presentados caracterizan el estado del conocimiento de la materia en virtud de los aspectos cualitativos y cuantitativos. Destaca la existencia de políticas de acción afirmativa como una manera de aumentar la equidad de acceso en la Educación Superior. Los resultados de la cuestión indican la existencia de la desigualdad en la educación pública básica y media. Identifica la necesidad de más estudios en profundidad sobre la cuestión de la equidad en la Educación.The article addresses the equity issue in Higher Education from three aspects: equity of access, of participation and of results. It reflects and asks what is equity in this level of education. The theoretical framework was based on the studies presented at the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) 2008 and others. It presents a statistical comparison between the latest average scores of the students approved in the vestibular (Brazilian university admission exam) of a public HEI (Higher Education Institution) in 2008 and the minimum score of the approved students in the admission exam of the same institution, in 2007. The theoretical interlocution and the statistical study characterize the state of knowledge of the subject under qualitative and quantitative aspects, strengthening the identification of the involved in the equity or the inequity in Higher Education. This paper highlights the existence of policies of affirmative actions as a way to increase the equity of access. The results indicate the existence of inequity in the primary and secondary education. The article emphasizes the need of further studies on equity in Education.

A partir da década de 90 a internacionalização da educação superior se fortifica no panorama mundial. Corrobora para isto a tendência de categorizar a educação como serviço, regulamentada pela OMC, paralelo ao predomínio da concepção de transnacionalização frente à da soberania do estado-nação. O trabalho objetiva identificar o estado de conhecimento sobre internacionalização universitária, conceitos e práticas (DALE, 2000), neste século, por meio do estudo de banco de dados de periódicos de educação, da Europa e da América do Norte. A metodologia segue os princípios de análise de conteúdo. Foram identificados o crescimento da produção sobre o tema e uma tendência à alteração de foco temático: do conceitual para a prática. A internacionalização da educação superior frente à expansão quase que desordenada do sistema e à complexidade instituída, necessita, urgentemente, de estudos e políticas públicas que freiem a perspectiva mercadológica e contribuam para a qualidade acadêmica social.The internationalization of higher education assumes a leading role in the world scenario after the 1990s. This tendency is fortified with the classification of higher education as service, subject to the General Agreement of Trade in Services (GATS) of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the prevailing notion of transnationalization over sovereignty of the nation-state. This paper intends to identify the state of knowledge about university internationalization, concepts and practices (DALE, 2000), in this century, from the analysis of data bases of European and North-American education periodicals. The methodology is guided by the principles of content analysis. The growth of scholarly writings on the topic has been identified, along with a tendency of altering the thematic focus: from conceptual to practical. The internationalization of higher education in the light of the expansion of the system and complexity urges for studies and public policies that reduce the market approach and contribute to the social-academic quality.

A partir da década de 90, o Brasil desenvolveu diferentes estratégias de avaliação da educação superior, começando pelas universidades públicas. Surgiu o PAIUB (1994) que se caracterizou como um Programa construído pelas IES, com o objetivo de desenvolver um processo de avaliação institucional. Em 1996, foi introduzido o Provão, seguido de outros mecanismos avaliativos com a proposta de nivelar as IES em termos de qualidade que, no entanto, não atendeu aos objetivos. Este trabalho recupera essas experiências e traz subsídios sobre a construção e a implantação do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Superior Brasileiro - SINAES, sancionado em 2004, discutindo os desafios e perspectivas decorrentes de sua implementação.A partir de la década de 1990, Brasil desarrolló diferentes estrategias de evaluación de la educación superior, comenzando en las universidades publicas. Surgió el PAIUB (1994) que se caracterizó como un Programa construido por las propias Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES), con el objetivo de desarrollar un proceso de evaluación institucional. En 1996, fue implementado el " Provão" , seguido de otros mecanismos evaluativos con la intención de nivelar la calidad de las IES, aunque no cumplió esos objetivos. Este trabajo recupera esas experiencias e incorpora informaciones sobre la construcción y la implantación del Sistema de Evaluación de la Educación Superior Brasileña (SINAES), sancionado en 2004, discutiendo los desafios y perspectivas que surgen a partir de su implementación.Since 1990, Brazil has developed many different strategies to evaluate higher education, beginning with public institutions. In 1994, the Program of Institutional Evaluation of Brazilian Universities - PAIUB, was created by the Higher Education Institutions - IES, aiming at developing an institutional evaluation process. In 1996, the Provão was introduced, followed by other evaluation mechanisms with the objective of leveling the IES in terms of quality which, in fact, did not happen. This paper brings these experiences back and adds subsidies about the building up and implementation of the Brazilian National Higher Education Evaluation System - SINAES, sanctioned by law in 2004, discussing the challenges and perspectives arising out of its implementation.

Copyright of Educação is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educacao e Pesquisa is the property of Faculdade de Educacao da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cadernos de Pesquisa is the property of Fundacao Carlos Chagas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo: Os processos de acreditação na educação superior vêm sendo uma prática apresentada em diversos países que buscam avaliar a qualidade dos diversos serviços que são oferecidos em uma instituição de educação superior. O presente artigo busca analisar o contexto da educação superior brasileira no que diz respeito ao desenvolvimento de avaliações suportadas pelo Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior (SINAES) e as relações com o desenvolvimento de processos de acreditação. Utiliza-se de entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores de alguns países que vem desenvolvendo a sistemática de acreditação e com atores do Brasil que estão envolvidos com os processos avaliativos, além de uma revisão teórica acerca da temática pesquisada.

Copyright of Educação is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educação is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educação is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)