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The Academic Student Success Advising (ASSA) project enacted an integrated academic and pastoral approach to advising using McIntosh's (2023) fundamental principles of advising. This research conducted at two Australian universities explores how shared principles of advising can provide an underpinning structure to pan-university advising approaches as a mechanism of student development. Forty staff were interviewed, exploring understandings and experiences of advising. Data were analysed through the four key advising themes: inclusive, personalised and integrated, developmental, and student-centred. The findings suggest that staff perceive value in integrated advising approaches that connect students' academic and pastoral experiences through an 'advising as teaching lens' and that link areas of the university to enhance student success. Recommendations highlight the value of investing in staff understandings of advising to enhance student development, the intentional embedding of co-curricular skills, and the continued need to develop systems to track advising outcomes.

Within creative domains in studio- and project-based education, documentation is often central to demonstrating outcomes, process, and progress. Despite much prior work into the instructional practices, technologies, and tools that support cultivating documentation practices, no prior work explores the student valuing and perception of documentation. To address this, we deploy a design probe to elicit and externalize conceptions of documentation with the same cohort of students in two semesters. Eleven participants engaged in higher education undergraduate programs completed the study. We focus our analysis on one activity - listing and ranking documentation's perceived values. Through our analysis, we developed and validated a robust codebook for students' values. We demonstrate the values of documentation to be coherent across background, time, and experience of the student participants. We also share insights on nine main roles documentation plays for students and discuss how documentation plays not only an important role in communicating creative work to diverse stakeholders but in building self-confidence, motivation, and affect for project-based and hands-on exploration.

As professional science becomes increasingly computational, researchers and educators are advocating for the integration of computational thinking (CT) into science education. Researchers and policymakers have argued that CT learning opportunities should begin in elementary school and span across the K-12 grades. While researchers and policymakers have specified how students should engage in CT for science learning, the success of CT integration ultimately depends on how elementary teachers implement CT in their science lessons. This new demand for teachers who can integrate CT has created a need for effective conceptual tools that teacher educators and professional development designers can use to develop elementary teachers' understanding and operationalization of CT for their classrooms. However, existing frameworks for CT integration have limitations. Existing frameworks either overlook the elementary grades, conceptualize CT in isolation and not integrated into science, and/or have not been tested in teacher education contexts. After reviewing existing CT integration frameworks and detailing an important gap in the science teacher education literature, we present our framework for the integration of CT into elementary science education, with a special focus on how to use this framework with teachers. Situated within our design-based research study, we (a) explain the decision-making process of designing the framework; (b) describe the pedagogical affordances and challenges it provided as we implemented it with a cohort of pre- and in-service teachers; (c) provide suggestions for its use in teacher education contexts; and (d) theorize possible pathways to continue its refinement.

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a rapid pivot to online learning across many higher education institutions globally. This paper investigates to what extent assessment strategies changed as a result of this pivot. It explores the case of Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin) in Ireland and finds that 95% of respondents altered their assessment practices in some way. Beyond identifying changing practice, the paper also develops a TARC (Typology of Assessment Responses to COVID-19) model which shows four categories of responses. "Reactors" are those academics who simply moved their assessments online. "Adaptive Responders" modified assessments slightly for the online environment. While "Opportunists" are those who used the opportunity of the pandemic to implement strategies they had been considering, the "Committed Innovators" engage in innovation in teaching and assessment strategies on an ongoing basis and, thus, they continued to do what they always did. The key factors that were considered in the decision-making about how to alter assessment strategies were pedagogical, practical considerations and the availability of support.

Postsecondary institutions have a legal responsibility to ensure that students have access to a safe learning environment. While institutions adopt policies and hire administrators to protect students from harm, many are underprepared to support students when these harmful incidents happen online. This is of increased concern now that online aggression is pervasive across universities worldwide. While faculty, administrators and students agree that online aggression is a significant issue and that institutions ought to provide prevention and response services, there is concern that these efforts might violate privacy norms. We used the theory of privacy as contextual integrity (CI) to explore the tensions that postsecondary students and staff perceive regarding student privacy when responding to incidents of online aggression. To do so, we conducted focus groups with undergraduate students and student affairs administrators from a Historically Black College and University (HBCU) in the Mid-Atlantic USA. Our analysis surfaced three considerations that inform students' and staff's decision to report an incident of online aggression: their closeness to the person making the post, their perception of the online post content as a real threat and their knowledge of an authority figure who could help resolve the situation. We used CI theory to explain how these considerations can inform institutional policy, practice and future research.

In 2014, the Australian Government established the Teacher Education Ministerial Advisory Group (TEMAG) to advise on how teacher education programmes could ensure new teachers were adequately prepared for the classroom. Following this, the Australian Government endorsed a key recommendation of the TEMAG Action Now: Classroom Ready Teachers report, the inclusion of specialisations in primary Initial Teacher Education (ITE). This research was conducted at an Australian public university that, in 2016, had embedded specialisations in a revised primary teacher programme structure and was one of the first ITE institutions in Australia to graduate primary teachers with a specialisation. Using a mixed-methods case study design with convenience sampling, this study sought to investigate these primary graduates' perceptions of undertaking a specialisation in relation to the development of content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge in the specialist area, as well as perceived employment advantages. This research took place over 4 years with participants having completed a Bachelor of Education (Primary) at least three months prior to participating. The participants reported benefits to having completed a primary specialisation but expressed concerns about their preparedness to teach their specialisation and whether it would result in any advantages for employment. Recommendations from the participants included teaching practice in their area of specialisation, consideration of specialist skills and changing the timetabling of the specialisation in the programme. Ultimately, there is a need for ongoing research in this area to determine the extent to which primary specialisations deliver the intended outcomes and impacts at both the policy driver level and the university level.

There is broad recognition that anchor institutions--universities, hospitals, and other locally embedded organizations--can leverage their economic and human resources to revitalize and empower distressed neighborhoods. In Milwaukee, five anchor institutions, including Marquette University, collaborated with residents, city officials, and other stakeholders to transform the seven neighborhoods surrounding their campuses. The Promoting Assets and Reducing Crime (PARC) initiative is an innovative, data-driven, and place-based model of community collaboration to address neighborhood challenges. Over the last 3 years, PARC has helped stimulate economic development, enhance housing stock, improve public safety, and strengthen neighborhood connections in the city's Near West Side. In this article, we detail how PARC was established, the role of the university in this multianchor partnership, and how the initiative PARC integrates data and community input to inform and evaluate its work. The PARC initiative demonstrates promise as an effective model of university engagement in neighborhood revitalization efforts.

A psychosocial approach to predicting self-injurious behavior (SIB) may allow for more accurate predictions and enhance intervention for individuals who engage in SIB. We examined psychosocial predictors of SIB within and between two populations: individuals with traits of borderline personality disorder (BPD; N = 60) and college students (N = 116). All participants met the inclusion criteria of engaging in SIB at least once in the past year. All participants completed measures of psychological distress, social functioning, and SIB. Methods of SIB did not vary across samples, but SIB rates did. Psychological distress and population type (BPD or student) predicted SIB, whereas social factors did not. Additionally, we found a significant interaction wherein psychological distress was more related to SIB in individuals with traits of BPD. Accordingly, we recommend that counselors consider population and psychological distress when assessing SIB risk in clients.

Latines experience disparities in higher education, similar to disparities in healthcare. Latines are less likely to utilize support services in both settings. In healthcare, the "promotore," a professional who promotes healthcare as a credible member of the Latine culture, helps to bridge this gap and increase utilization. This article draws a parallel between healthcare and education by proposing the "promotore" as a genuine, authentic relationship building professional to bridge gaps of academic and co-curricular access and institutional discrimination on college campuses.

Emerging adult (EA; aged 18-29) military-connected students experience major developmental changes, often coupled with the transition into the civilian sector and higher education. This conglomeration may exacerbate anxiety, stress, and negative coping mechanisms, including substance use. Substance use rates are highest among EAs, across the lifespan. To our knowledge, limited research has looked at EA military-connected students' transition into higher education during this "developmental" stage. We qualitatively interviewed 16 EA military-connected students who reported high-risk substance use behaviors. To our knowledge, no student veteran research study has considered this characteristic. This is important since military members are more likely to misuse substances and encounter related consequences than their civilian counterparts, and these developmental and transitional stressors put them at higher risk for misusing substances. In 74-minute interviews, we asked participants about (1) challenges transitioning into higher education and (2) techniques helping professionals should use to support EA military-connected students. Two coders employed Thematic Analysis to identify themes using NVivo. We found challenges include: (1) starting over, (2) unable to relate to others, (3) lacking a purpose or plan, (4) support system changes, and (5) people view you as only a veteran. EA military-connected students' suggestions for helping professionals include: (1) use straightforward communication, (2) show a genuine interest, (3) offer guidance on creating a support system, and (4) treat me as a human, not only a veteran. This study provides translational examples for helping professionals such as encouraging involvement in military and veteran community organizations to promote a sense of belonging.

Computational thinking (CT) is playing an increasingly relevant role within disciplinary teaching in elementary school, particularly in science. However, many teachers are unfamiliar with CT, either because their education occurred before the popularization of CT or because CT instruction was not included in their pre-service coursework. For these teachers, CT professional development (PD) becomes a primary mechanism to close their CT knowledge gap. While CT PD has demonstrated success at increasing teacher's CT understanding, researchers have reported varied outcomes in supporting teachers to write CT-integrated lesson plans. To explore how we might support teachers to integrate CT into elementary science, we employed design-based research (DBR) in a dual-track design of in-class CT instruction for pre-service undergraduates within an elementary science methods class paired with a collaborative, multi-month PD opportunity for pre- and in-service teachers. In this article, we reflect on our 5-year period of DBR and present our design insights and implications for CT instruction and curriculum design from each iteration. Our findings on best practices will inform both teacher educators and PD providers within CT education. Our work will also be of interest to researchers considering DBR for technology-based educational projects.

Mid-semester formative evaluations of college teaching are a promising, low-cost solution to providing online instructors with in-the-moment feedback to improve their online teaching practices. However, existing instruments suffer from issues of validity and bias, and fail to align with evidence-based strategies. This paper presented and psychometrically validated a research-based Mid-Semester Evaluation of College Teaching for Online Instructors (MSECT-O) among 170 undergraduate students in seven online courses. Pilot study results demonstrated that the MSECT-O is a valid and reliable tool for online educators seeking to improve their online teaching and classroom climate.

Collegiate esports communities are as prone to bullying as other campus social spaces are. This pilot study surveyed student members of competitive online gaming clubs on a midsized university campus. Participants self-reported bullying experiences both in and out of game and indicated whether they primarily play support roles or core roles within game. Results indicated that the social roles of players were similar in both in-game and out of game settings but playing support in-game did not predict social roles.

The research goals were to identify the key supports, barriers, and learning preferences related to the persistence of online Indigenous university students. Two Indigenous community meetings were held, 212 online Indigenous students were surveyed, 20 Indigenous students were interviewed, and a talking circle was held with six Indigenous university online students. The strongest converging factors related to persistence were: (1) cultural; recommendations for more Indigenous faculty and culture on campus; (2) social; good relationships with faculty and students, positive social environment, time management, and motivation; (3) cognitive; literacy, mathematics, and computer skills; and (4) physical; financial support, affordable housing, family support, and non-academic support at university. Students preferred embedded media, graphics, virtual environments, and games over other online design elements. Email was the preferred method to communicate with faculty. Texting, using social media, and virtual environments were preferred to communicate with other students. Most students had extensive experience with texting, Facebook, and chat, but far less experience with blogs, Twitter, or Wikis. Students liked group work but assigning one mark for group projects worked against social cohesion. Most students reported having the skills needed to complete online courses, with the exception of time management. The findings support a wholistic Indigenous human model of university persistence that includes intersecting social, cognitive, physical, and cultural components.

First-Year Experience (FYE) programs have become a focal point for efforts to transition and retain all students, as numerous studies suggest that such initiatives deepen students' academic preparation for college and support their emotional investments in the campus community. Using quantitative and qualitative data gathered from 842 students in 54 courses during Fall 2013 and 2014, this article considers the comparative merits of Living Learning Communities (LLC), "habits of mind" First-Semester Core (FSC) courses, a hybrid-model (LLC-FSC) initiative, and non-FYE courses by considering students' perception of their academic gains and social engagement. Survey results indicate that students perceive very different benefits across the various FYE models, especially when the FYE is housed in disciplinary rather than general education courses. The comparisons suggest the need for an intentional, goals-oriented approach to FYE programs, as a "one-size fits all" approach may not result in both academic growth and community engagement for students. For institutions with limited faculty and curricular resources, the choice of which type of FYE model to adopt is particularly important.

Over the past 50 years, colleges and universities have taken on increasingly important roles as anchor institutions in U.S. cities, partnering with local communities to promote development and well-being. Such community-campus partnerships rely on the work of community engagement professionals (CEPs), staff tasked with administering, coordinating, supporting, and leading engagement efforts at institutions of higher education. The preliminary competency model for community engagement professionals (Dostilio et al., 2016) lays out the knowledge, skills, dispositions, and commitments needed to perform this work. However, place-based approaches to engagement have been underrepresented in the emerging literature. The authors contribute to this conversation with a case study of partnership management work at University Neighborhood Partners at the University of Utah. Through this case, we highlight key competencies for engaging in place-based community development, suggest additional competency areas for the model, and explore how an understanding of CEP competencies is enriched and complicated by staff positionality.

This paper aims to provide teachers with a practical guide to working in an IT enabled classroom. The paper outlines four central practical examples, with teacher reflections, of what was required in starting an actual IT enabled English listening & speaking program. The classroom environment described is board-less, meaning the teacher's presented with PowerPoint. The environment is largely paperless, meaning a Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) approach was implemented for both students and teachers. The paperless philosophy also meant material creation was digital, and delivery/submission was via Google Classroom. The teachers' largely thrived in the environment, and many unexpected affordances were discovered, however, technical and pedagogical issues were also identified and the paper troubleshoots ways in which IT enabled EFL classrooms could be enhanced.

"Bildung" has a long tradition in continental European education but in England it is less well known and is underused to theorise about education. In this paper the German concept of "Bildung" is applied to pre-service teacher education in England where teacher education has become increasingly dominated by instrumental and technicist approaches that encroach on the development of professional values and educational wisdom. Nevertheless, criticisms to current trends in teacher education do exist in England with programmes that include values-based elements challenging the prevailing norms of this performativity driven approach. This paper adds to those criticisms by proposing "Bildung" as an underpinning philosophy of teacher education and as an unusual lens with which to reframe teacher education.

Governments have become increasingly concerned with improving the employability of university graduates in recent years, but most existing studies of what graduate employers look for are limited by their reliance on self-reported preferences. This study, which focuses on the UK context, aims to develop our knowledge of the determinants of perceived graduate employability by measuring the relative importance for employability of a range of personal characteristics, work-related skills and academic achievements using a survey experiment in which graduate employers rated fictitious recent graduates based on a series of short written profiles. The experiment found large effects in the ratings of graduates in response to cues referring to study abroad, work experience, age, degree type, disability, and ethnicity. This suggests that, while there are some things universities can do to improve the employability of their graduates, they are also to a large extent at the mercy of structured inequalities in society.

Undergraduate academic peer mentors gain a deeper understanding of the academic content and develop professional teaching and coaching skills. While the value of this high impact practice is well documented for academic outcomes, little is known about the leadership self-efficacy that results from serving as an academic peer mentor. In this initial quantitative study of a cross-disciplinary academic peer mentoring program for 79 American undergraduates, we found that after serving as an academic peer mentor, students reported higher self-efficacy for leading groups. Academic peer mentorship programs show promise as a leadership development opportunity for college students.

In autism research, the impact of the hidden curriculum within higher education remains neglected. The published experiences of undergraduate and postgraduate students with Autism Spectrum Disorder indicate that social issues present a universal problem for this demographic. By being less able to take advantage of the social aspects of their courses, such as interactions with peers and supervisors, autistic students could be left at a disadvantage in their current studies and beyond. Opening formal research questions into the impact of the hidden curriculum on the learning experience of autistic students in higher education are required to highlight this issue. Investigating the most effective forms of hidden curriculum access could provide better insight into how support can be personalised to the needs of these students.

Organizations around the world are challenged with managing complex decisions; however, many students do not have practical experience with the way in which these organizations go about this process. In this article, we outline an experiential case, based on a contemporary, real-world health policy challenge, which illustrates the ethical and team-based difficulties inherent in making decisions in instances of limited budgets and multiple stakeholders with conflicting priorities. This highly adaptable exercise places students in the role of decision-maker where they must select the best course of action to address a virulent blood-borne disease afflicting their constituents. Throughout this process, students are exposed to a number of decision-making, stakeholder, ethical, and team dynamic issues. The exercise has been successfully implemented in undergraduate- and graduate-level classes and encourages high-quality class discussions in a wide range of organizational behavior and management courses.

European medical schools are recruiting increasing numbers of international students. This study explores the impact of cultural backgrounds and language on the transition of international medical students to the clinical years of their training when they are predominantly based in hospitals and interacting with health professional staff and patients. A mixed-methods study was undertaken, incorporating 31 peer interviews and a focus group discussion and the development and conducting of an online survey (n = 144; 50% response rate). We compared levels of social adjustment and integration between the students on a regional basis. Overall students adjusted well, but there were statistically significant regional differences in social adjustment and integration. The impact of communication difficulties from a language and cultural practice perspective was a dominant challenge highlighted, as was the differences in hospital culture and interprofessional communication norms. International medical students experience many challenges and benefits from studying in a multicultural environment. More nuanced demographic data need to be collected on admission to assist in potentially identifying those who may experience difficulties with academic and daily life transitions. In addition, all students in a multicultural environment would benefit from a program of acculturation for personal and career development.

This article describes a required capstone course for students in the Global Supply Chain Management (GSCM) Program at Bryant University, designed to prepare students for a career in supply chain management. Student teams work on semester-long projects for locally and regionally based companies. The projects are supported by all GSCM faculty who teach in the Information Systems and Analytics, Management, and Marketing departments. Since the inception of this capstone course in the fall of 2010, a total of 83 projects for 42 companies have been completed. Hence this article discusses an extensive number of projects over an extended period of time, and our insights should be of interest to supply chain faculty who currently have, or plan to include, empirical projects as a key component of their course or supply chain program. We present a brief literature review on teaching supply chain management, and then describe the practicum capstone course, Empirical Applications in Global Supply Chain Management. We provide company and project descriptions and discuss project outcomes. Students have estimated savings/earnings impact of $109.5 million from 35 projects completed over a 4-year period. Although not without challenges, the practicum capstone course provides students with an integrative, multidisciplinary experience that better prepares them for their careers.

When people understand a counterfactual such as "if it had been a good year, there would have been roses," they simulate the imagined alternative to reality, for example, "there were roses," and the actual reality, as known or presupposed, for example, "there were no roses." Seven experiments examined how people keep track of the epistemic status of these possibilities, by priming participants to anticipate a story would continue about one or the other. When participants anticipated the story would continue about how the current reality related to the past presupposed reality, they read a target description about reality more rapidly than one about the imagined alternative, indicating they had prioritized access to their mental representation of reality; but when they anticipated the story would continue about how the current reality related to the imagined alternative to reality, they read a target description about the imagined alternative and one about reality equally rapidly, indicating they had maintained access to both (Experiment 1), unlike for stories with no counterfactuals (Experiments 2 and 3). The tendency is not invariant: it appears immune to remote experience (Experiments 4 and 5), but it is influenced by immediate experience (Experiments 6 and 7). The results have implications for theories of reality monitoring, reasoning, and imagination.

Cyberbullying is an emerging equity issue in American higher education with well-documented social, psychological, and academic consequences. Unfortunately, while higher education leaders are grappling with how to respond to cyberbullying victimization among students, their efforts are hindered by the lack of consensus on how to measure victimization or what support strategies to provide. The purpose of this paper is to explore the cyberbullying experiences of a diverse sample of undergraduate students. Using a validated measure of victimization among a sample of 459 undergraduates at a research university in the American Mid-Atlantic, nearly three out of five respondents reported having been previously victimized by a cyberbully. While universities have a duty to support victims and provide a learning environment free from harassment, this study found that students do not turn to their campus faculty and staff for support. Instead college student victims adopt technical coping strategies (e.g., block the bully, adjust privacy settings) which may further isolate them from their online communities and entrusts social media companies to resolve the situation. Contributions poses the connection between coping strategies and self-censoring in online courses.

"Cyberbullying"--the intentional, repeated online harassment of a person with less perceived social power--is a pervasive issue facing today's college students. As a result of cyberbullying, victimized students can suffer social, psychological, and academic consequences. This article reports the psychometric validation of a cyberbullying victimization scale determined to be a reliable instrument to evaluate college students and to inform evidence-based interventions and student support services. The research question at the outset of this study was: To what extent is a widely used adolescence cyberbullying victimization scale valid and reliable for a sample of college students? A sample of undergraduates enrolled at a large, mid-Atlantic, public research university was surveyed in February 2019. These students were taking a required general education writing course for juniors and seniors. The findings provide evidence of the construct validity and reliability of Patchin and Hinduja's scale for measuring cyberbullying victimization in a sample of college students. As opposed to the original one-factor solution, the scale measured three latent factors among a college student sample with adequate internal consistency: Mean Statements and Rumors, Image Appropriation, and Threats. Findings show that college students interpret being threatened as a different and potentially more severe type of victimization.

Today's student activists leverage social media to bring campus-based protests to a wider audience and create a counterspace for discussing racism on campus. In this article, the authors present a novel case of social media activism in which students occupied an official university hashtag to raise awareness of racism on campus (i.e., an online occupation). The authors examined 776 tweets posted after a fatal hate crime to understand how student activists organized the occupation of the institutional hashtag and how students, faculty, alumni, and the media participated in the movement. Findings shed light on the potential disruptive power of social media activism.

Increasingly, graduate student instructors (GSIs) teach online without prior formal training on how to design online assessments of learning and participation. We present findings from a collective case study of seven GSIs at a university in the United States of America to describe how these novice online instructors learned to enact assessment strategies in an online classroom. Findings reveal that the GSIs were influenced by professional learning networks such as peer communities of practice, the academic Twitter community, student feedback, and faculty gatekeeping of institutional resources and policies. With limited institutional and departmental support, the GSIs struggled to transform their face-to-face assessments to leverage technology but leaned on their professional judgment to prioritize traditional discussion and participation structures. Findings inform our understanding of how universities might prioritize professional learning networks on online teaching at differing institutional levels to increase GSIs' access to online teaching information and knowledgeable role models.

Public higher education is in danger of failing to respond sufficiently to changing conditions that affect the public's need for services. A recognition of the apparent failure of higher education to keep pace with societal change and to meet the additional challenges of declining funding, increased accountability, and shifts in public attitudes led to the creation in 1995 of the Kellogg Commission on the Future of State and Land-Grant Universities. With funding and the endorsement of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation, the National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges (NASULGC) created the Kellogg Commission to address the increasing need for change in public higher education in the United States. The Commission recognized that change, if it is to occur, must take place on individual campuses and that all the Commission could do was to stimulate and urge institutions to change. There can be little question that the culture of each university will change as the society in which it exists changes. The question is really whether the changes the university can control will occur rapidly enough, be appropriate to its mission, and protect fundamental values important to educational institutions and to society. During its history, American public higher education has been responsive to the needs of society. It has become the foremost creator of fundamental knowledge the world has ever known and it has demonstrated the ability to meet local, national, and global needs directly through service. But today, the challenges are greater, the need for change more demanding than ever. [This article was originally published in: "Journal of Public Service & Outreach" v3 n2 p3-8 1998. For the author's 2016 commentary on this article, "Commentary: Outreach, Engagement, and the Changing Culture of the University--1998," see EJ1097241.]

End-of-semester evaluations provide scalable data for university administrators, but typically do not provide instructors with timely feedback to inform their teaching practices. Midsemester evaluations have the potential to provide instructors with beneficial formative feedback that can contribute to improved teaching practices and student engagement. However, existing research on the construction of valid, reliable midsemester tools is rare, and there are no existing midsemester evaluation scales that were constructed using education research and psychometric analysis. To address this gap, we designed and piloted a midsemester evaluation of teaching with 29 instructors and 1,350 undergraduate students. We found evidence that our Mid-Semester Evaluation of College Teaching (MSECT) is a valid and reliable measure of four constructs of effective teaching: classroom climate, content, teaching practices, and assessment. Furthermore, our factor structure remained consistent across instructor genders, providing evidence that the MSECT may be less susceptible to gender bias than prior student evaluation measures.

Employers lament that science graduates, particularly engineering students, lack professional skills, despite increasing emphasis on teaching professional skills in their curriculum. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior as an overarching framework, one explanation for skill development gaps may be students' attitude towards learning professional skills. Our study purpose was to create a scale that accurately and consistently measures engineering students' attitudes towards learning professional skills. To create the scale, we used a rigorous measurement development methodology, beginning with survey item generation and critical review by subject matter experts. Data from a sample of 534 engineering college students were split into two sets to provide (1) a development sample upon which exploratory factor analyses and parallel analyses were conducted to form the initial scale, and (2) a confirmatory sample whereby we verified the scale structure and obtained initial validity evidence for distinct dimensions. A five-factor scale of 25 items for assessing engineering students' attitudes towards learning professional skills (ATLPS) obtained high-reliability estimates. Validity evidence supported five distinct dimensions in leadership in teams, communication, civic and public engagement, cultural adaptability, and innovation. The ATLPS can be used to facilitate improvements in engineering education and research by understanding students' attitudes towards learning professional skills. Furthermore, researchers can expand the scale to include additional dimensions of professionalism and modify items to fit STEM disciplines where professional skill training is essential.

Esports are a quickly spreading co-curricular setting for student involvement on college campuses. Many of the students who come to higher education institutions are already in these online virtual communities situated around competitive video games, which they can access from their dorm rooms and apartments. They communicate on headsets, and they work together in teams to accomplish objectives, deciding on strategies and roles to win. While esports are growing rapidly, the experiences of womxn and underrepresented populations in online games are often characterized by toxicity, bias, hostility, and harassment. This type of environment has parallels with STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) disciplines on college campuses and workplaces. College campuses and national funding agencies such as the National Science Foundation (2011) and the U.S. Department of Education (2014) have efforts underway to increase the presence of womxn in STEM majors. Andrew Byrne believes that if college campuses can harness esports to train bystanders to be more responsive to diversity, such training can also enhance STEM environments. This article advocates for the use of esports, or competitive video games, to train bystanders with the skills to create social change in STEM settings with the aim of increasing hospitability for aspiring female STEM professionals on college campuses.

In the past decade, C-H functionalization has been a very active topic of research in both academia and industry. When a H atom is replaced by an aryl (or heteroaryl) group, the transformation is termed "direct arylation". This approach to the formation of key (hetero)aryl-(hetero)aryl bonds is complementary to traditional methods, such as the Suzuki-Miyaura and Stille reactions. Direct arylation/C-H functionalization is not represented in the majority of undergraduate chemistry laboratory curricula. An experiment is described here in which students carry out a multistep process, synthesizing a diaryliodonium salt and using it in the direct arylation of indole. Important organic and organometallic chemistry concepts are covered, including catalysis, traditional cross-coupling, C-H functionalization, multistep reaction processes, and regioselectivity. The experiment was successfully carried out by third- and fourth-year students in two universities over a two-year period (four times in total). Both high-yielding and low-yielding chemical steps were encountered, and a number of pedagogical approaches evolved.

Translational research--a bridge between research in more controlled settings and application in more complex contexts--is an essential step in developing effective evidence-based practices. Yet, it is rare. Previous lab-based research has recommended wakeful rest (WR)--a relaxed state of mind in the absence of activity--as a classroom intervention to promote memory consolidation and improve both short- and long-term memory. We implemented the proposed WR intervention in a simulated classroom context. The results did not support the recommendations from studies in more controlled settings: WR did not improve participants' short- or long-term memory. We discuss the importance of translational research in applying promising principles to classroom settings before making recommendations for practice.

There is now a developed and extensive literature on the implications of the "complexity frame of reference" (Castellani & Hafferty, 2009) for education in general and pedagogy in particular. This includes a wide range of interesting contributions which consider how complexity can inform, inter alia, research on educational systems (Cochran-Smith et al., 2014; Radford, 2008) and theories of learning (Mercer, 2011; Fromberg, 2010), as well as work dealing with specific pedagogical domains including physical education (Atencio et al., 2014, Tan et al. 2010), clinical education and in particular the learning of clinical teams (Noel et al., 2013; Bleakley, 2010; Gonnering, 2010), and learning in relation to systems engineering (Thompson et al., 2011, Foster et al., 2001). This material has contributed considerably to David Byrne's thinking about the subject matter of this essay which is not the implications of complexity for pedagogy but rather how a pedagogy OF complexity might be developed and, more specifically, a pedagogy of what Morin (2008) has called "general" (as opposed to "restricted") complexity. In this article, Byrne contemplates "how" the complexity frame of reference should be taught at all appropriate educational levels. The article is intended to contribute to a debate about the pedagogy of complexity by putting forth some ideas and stimulating a response. It draws on what is available in the literature and Byrne's own teaching experiences.

The 2018 EARLI SIG 22 Neuroscience and Education conference aimed to facilitate the discussion and sharing of research and translation in educational neuroscience. In this article, we first describe and evaluate the approach taken in organizing the conference, which followed recommendations from the educational neuroscience community. We then summarize responses to a survey that captured delegates' visions of research and translation, their intentions following the conference, and the support they need moving forward. From 88 completed surveys, we first note a common desire for more discussions and collaborations across disciplines, and between teachers and researchers. We highlight particularly novel ideas that are not frequently addressed in the community so far, including discussion of ethical issues, inclusion of learners in research development, open resources for teacher training in neuroscience, and mentoring networks for community members. In sharing these ideas, we highlight future directions for the field as it continues to develop.

There is often a disconnect between the unit of analysis in rigorous education research, and the types of recommendations that instructors find the most useful to improve their teaching. Research often focuses on narrow slices of the student experience, and university instructors often require broad recommendations. We present the Fearless Teaching Framework to address this gap between research and practice. In this framework, we define four pieces of effective teaching: classroom climate, course content, teaching practices, and assessment strategies. We argue that these are appropriate areas of focus for instructor growth, based on their relations to student engagement.

As individuals with disabilities attend postsecondary education in greater numbers, mentoring programs are being implemented more frequently. The research objective of our exploratory study was to examine outcomes for students with disabilities participating in a Student to Student Mentoring Program using a mixed methods approach. Mentors followed a curriculum structured by monthly and weekly goals and the impact of the program was measured using quantitative self-report measures and thematic analysis of focus groups. Academic outcomes were compared between those mentored and a matched comparison group. Mentoring had most impact in knowing how things work at the university, how to meet people on campus, and accessing supports. There were no significant differences in academic outcomes between the two groups. A follow-up study indicated that mentees continued to benefit one-year on. Overall, while a range of positive outcomes were evidenced, the model was limited in its impact, particularly with regards to academic success and more complex challenges.

The number of young people progressing to higher education (HE) in Ireland has grown significantly over the last three decades but inequality of access and participation remain a major policy challenge. This article sets out to explore the factors which impact on levels of participation in HE by young people from lower socio-economic backgrounds, based on interviews and focus groups with 70 secondary school students and 25 parents in three case-study locations. In line with previous research, we found that financial considerations continue to have an important influence on decisions about whether to go on to higher education. The findings in relation to young people's aspirations and orientations to HE present a more complex picture. While the majority of students aspired to go on to HE, this was countered by a lack of confidence in relation to certain aspects of college life, both social and academic.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate how and why Saudi Arabian students engage in specific health risk behaviours (HRBs), and if there are gender differences. Design/methodology/approach: In order to find out the situation regarding university students in Saudi Arabia, quantitative data were collected by administering questionnaires to 722 respondents, and qualitative data were collected using a series of interviews with 17 students. Findings: The findings of this mixed methods sequential explanatory study suggest that lifestyle and personal factors, as well as economic, social, policy and other aspects of the environment played a significant role in influencing students' HRBs. Recommendations for mitigating HRBs among these students and other youth in the Saudi Arabian context are provided. Originality/value: This paper addresses an important gap in the research on HRBs among university students from the perspectives of students.

In this commentary, author John Byrne reflects on his 1998 "Journal of Public Service & Outreach" article, "Outreach, Engagement, and the Changing Culture of the University" reprinted in this 20th anniversary issue of "Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement." Byrne's 1998 article was a call to modify the culture of universities so that effective engagement with society might take place. Now, almost 20 years after the article was published, engagement is an important function of many universities. The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching has created a new classification for universities to aspire to, the Community Engaged Classification and to date, more than 350 universities have been selected to receive this classification. The introduction of "engagement with society," now an important function of the modern university, has stimulated changes in university missions, processes, and administrative structures. University cultures have changed as a result, and no doubt will continue to change. In responding to the needs of a rapidly changing society, locally and globally, engagement will become increasingly important to the integration of higher education with the society it serves. [For "Outreach, Engagement, and the Changing Culture of the University" (2016), see EJ1097237.]

This paper provides a comparative analysis of the learning approaches of students taking their first course in accounting at a United States or an Irish university. The data for this study was gathered from 204 students in the U.S. and 309 in Ireland, using the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST, 1997) which measures learning approaches on three dimensions: deep, strategic, and surface. The analysis reveals that while both samples favor a strategic approach over the other approaches, the U.S. students have a significantly higher score on the deep and strategic scales compared to the Irish students. Differences between the samples at the subscale level--such as students' intrinsic interest, time management, and fear of failure--are also reported. Finally, the study contextualizes the findings by analyzing variations in the learning environment of the two universities. (Contains 1 figure and 4 tables.)