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The prolonged period of the COVID-19 epidemic has dramatically impacted the lives of every individual globally, giving rise to social risks and affecting all aspects of operations, including banking activities. Because direct transactions cannot be made, customers must go through the Internet to make their transactions. The Internet creates many channels for consumers to participate in transactions, interact with banks, and conveniently use financial services. This leads to consumers’ habits shifting from offline to online and non-cash payments. This shifting trend pushes banks to change to meet customer needs and the widespread deployment of mobile banking, online banking, and digital banking to satisfy requirements and increase customer experience while competing with financial technology companies. Thus, the article’s goal is to explore critical factors affecting digital banking development, and from that, the author gave policy recommendations for developing digital banking in Vietnam. Based on the article’s goal, the researchers utilized a combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies with a sample size of 350 managers related to 10 commercial banks in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City using SPSS 20.0 and Amos to process the data survey. The study’s contributions help policymakers and banking managers apply research results to develop six policy recommendations for digital banking, an inevitable trend of commercial banks today. The research results also analyzed the significant advantages, difficulties, and challenges. The research paper has presented some advantages, pointed out some problems and difficulties that Vietnamese commercial banks face, and proposed policy recommendations for digital banking and sustainable development.

This study assesses how various aspects of loan service quality in Vietnamese commercial banks impact the satisfaction levels of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and their relationship with customer loyalty to these banks. Implementing both qualitative methods (such as group discussions, expert interviews, and customer surveys) and quantitative methods (including partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM)), the authors identified and analyzed five dimensions of loan service quality—tangibility, reliability, assurance, responsiveness, and empathy—that positively influence SME satisfaction within these banks. Additionally, this study explores the connection between SME satisfaction and loyalty, recognizing it as a crucial factor for improving operational efficiency and gaining a competitive advantage in facilitating banking transactions.

AbstractDuring the past pandemic, digital business activities have developed enormously, and many businesses have undergone a significant transformation to participate in the digital revolution. However, for the digital transformation to take place successfully, Industry 4.0 comes from breakthroughs in many fields, including the digital wave of the manufacturing sector. Many countries have paid attention to and concretized priorities for developing a digital economy. Vietnam also faces challenges that the digital trend brings, including the risk of competition for small and medium enterprises, especially high-quality human resources in today’s businesses. This article analyzed the current situation and applied descriptive statistics to summarize and apply the structural equation model (SEM) from a set of data, a research sample in numbers, and visual charts that surveyed 850 enterprise managers. Human resource management is a multifaceted process that has wide-ranging effects. Presently, several variables are influencing the field of human resource management. These elements often undergo changes and can be categorized into fundamental influencing factors: The attributes of the external factors, including the economy, people, legislation, culture, rivals, science, and technology. The internal environment encompasses several variables: the working environment, labor recruitment and selection, training and development, remuneration, bonuses, and welfare. The article’s goal is to explore factors that influence human resource management. Based on the results, the article’s contributions had several policy recommendations for developing human resources at small and medium enterprises for Vietnam’s post-Covid-19 pandemic. The application of the research is to strengthen and build a cultural working environment and create conditions and opportunities for human resources to develop; business leaders must be exemplary in words and deeds. Human resource development strategies must be implemented in an environment of fairness, discipline, ethics, and respect for the law as standards; create a cultural environment, leading the development of human resources.

By using the combination of several regression techniques on panel data, this study explores the influence of human capital, institutional quality, and the Fourth Industrial Revolution on unemployment rates in 46 Asian countries during the period from 2007 to 2020. According to the generalized method of moments (GMM), there are a total of 9 factors affecting the unemployment rate in the researched model, including high-tech exports, inflation, population, gross domestic product, government spending, foreign debt, foreign direct investment, human capital, and institutions. This result confirmed that high-tech development increases unemployment in Asia; however, the nexus between human capital and institutional situation with the unemployment rate is different based on the particular fields. Moreover, some policy implications also have been suggested to reduce unemployment in Asian countries in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.