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The effectiveness of organizations and the satisfaction of customers are both significantly improved by providing outstanding quality. To better meet the needs of their consumers, an increasing number of firms are implementing quality improvement programs such as total quality management (TQM). The major objective of this research paper is to examine the effects of TQM components on the efficiency and effectiveness of UAE higher education institutions (HEIs). The association between TQM components and organization performance was investigated using a quantitative research technique based on a survey study design. The partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was used to quantify the reflectiveness of 99 data. The study found that TQM has a positive impact on employee satisfaction and service quality in HEIs. It was revealed that TQM has a significant impact on organizational performance, with service quality serving as a mediator. Furthermore, the results revealed that service quality and students’ satisfaction are fully mediating the relationship between TQM and organizational performance. The current study concludes that HEIs are implementing TQM to enhance market performance and comprehend the evolving business trends. The study has added to the body of information about the relationship between TQM elements and organization performance.

Expanding on his study of the social construction of technology, Bijker used a technological frame to explain the factors involved in the success development of Bakelite. It is generally accepted that the successful synthesis of Bakelite was particularly helped by the fact that the inventor, Baekeland, was more deeply included in the technological frame of electrochemical engineers rather than that of celluloid chemists. However, a careful reading of Bijker's case study reveals that (i) the technological frame contributing to the synthesis of Bakelite is separate from the technological frame of electrochemical engineers and (ii) it was formed by collecting components of the technological frame (called technological frame parts in this paper) of the community to which Baekeland belonged and in which he was included as well as the technological frames of celluloid chemists and electrochemical engineers.

The urgent need for CSR disclosure is not only for the company's internal needs in accountability, transparency, risk management, and business sustainability but also includes compliance with regulations and ensuring the reputation of the company's image for the trust of stakeholders, especially the surrounding community. The current situation related to the activities of mining and agricultural companies, which are risky and sensitive to the social environment and political economy, has become a major concern for various parties in Indonesia. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has now become an obligation for companies that run their business activities directly or related to natural resources, which can be reported in the sustainability report. The study aims to determine the description of CSR disclosure practices in sustainability reports with the Sharia Enterprise Theory (SET) approach. The measurement indicators used are the GRI Standard and Sharia compliance, which consists of 4 categories in measuring CSR disclosure carried out by the content analysis method. This research was conducted on companies listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI). The number of samples in this study was 11 companies consisting of 6 mining companies and five agricultural companies obtained by purposive sampling technique. This study did not include the 2020-2024 period in the analysis because the global economic crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic made companies change their priorities. The results showed that, in general, the concept of SET in CSR disclosure has been applied by companies in terms of habluminallah and habluminannas, with an average disclosure of 47 items out of 123 items per company. The company that disclosed the most was PT Timah Tbk, with a score of 65 items, and the lowest was PT Austindo Tbk, which had 30 items. Our findings have alternative implications for the government in several ways, including strengthening regulations and policies, supervision and law enforcement, incentives and support, and pressure on companies to provide space for public involvement and participation.

The changing nature of conflicts is creating new challenges in civilian protection. Features of hybrid warfare, such as multidimensionality, synergistic effects, blurring of boundaries, or asymmetricity, force practitioners and scholars to consider new threats. The article examines how the characteristics of hybrid warfare affect the emergence of cascade effects. We conducted research on examples of the war in Ukraine and the Israeli-Palestinian war. The concept of a method for predicting the cascade effect under conditions of hybrid war is proposed. The concept involves using the Six Ways to Die method to take areas affecting the health and life of the civilian population and define a network of object dependencies on which proper functioning of the State in these areas depends. Using complementary tools such as process analysis, risk assessment, Petri nets, and Bayesian network in the form of the Critical Infrastructure Security Situational Management methodology, the authors provide a comprehensive solution for modeling how to protect the life and health of the civilian population. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first holistic study in this issue.

Due to increasing digitalization, most companies have added online retail as a new business model (BM) separate from their initial physical BM, requiring them to manage a portfolio of BMs. The literature points out that companies choose between a separation or integration strategy to manage their multiple BMs. However, business cases show that companies adopting a separation strategy may then plan for a possible integration strategy. Despite the growing knowledge in the BM portfolio literature, scholars and practitioners still lack a comprehensive understanding of the integration process of two BMs that were initially managed separately. This qualitative research draws on a cumulative multiple case study of five retailers to analyze how incumbent firms with different BMs manage their integration. We show that these firms pivoted the management of their BM portfolio.The notion of pivoting has been studied from the perspective of a single BM. In this research, we demonstrate that the process of pivoting also applies to the management of several BMs. Our results provide a generic model of the BM integration process that underlines barriers and enabling pivoting factors. Finally, by considering pivoting at this corporate level, our research adds to the ongoing discussion in strategic management regarding the way companies manage the dynamics of their BM portfolio.

Continuous learning is central to ensuring organizations remain innovative and high-performing. Corporate trainers play a critical role in educating and training employees. However, in an era of digital transformation and, more recently, artificial intelligence, trainers need new skills and methods to stay current and facilitate the transformation of the workforce. The skills gap is best filled through cooperative learning with other trainers. However, cooperative learning is hindered by different spatial, organizational, and cultural boundaries that are difficult to overcome.This paper attempts to understand how cooperative learning of trainers can be enhanced through boundary spanning. It examines the case of the corporate learning department of a German high-tech multinational through ethnographic action research by the department manager, including 21 semi-directive interviews and direct observation. Using a grounded theory approach, we explore how the concept, causes, context, contingencies, and conditions of boundary spanning enhance cooperative learning among corporate trainers.The findings show that boundary spanning leads to cooperative learning through pedagogical scaffolding, communities of practice, and a new learning culture. Spontaneous boundary spanning occurs in parallel to guided boundary spanning. Both are made possible by appropriate leadership values and attitudes, trust, flexibility, and dedicated time and capacity.Our paper provides recommendations on the key issues managers face in facilitating boundary spanning and cooperative learning among their employees. We also show how key barriers and risks can be mitigated to enable employees to learn cooperatively with colleagues from different and distant organizational units.

The re-spatialization of work in coworking spaces alters the social experience of teleworkers by involving two copresences associated with distinct organizational and spatiotemporal contexts: a remote copresence with the company and a physical copresence in the coworking space. Each can be experienced to different degrees between social isolation and perceived proximity. Nevertheless, the current literature does not provide an opportunity to make sense of the combination of copresences. From this perspective, data collected during an organizational ethnography conducted within two networks of coworking spaces were analyzed. The results show that the re-spatialization of work in coworking spaces generates a hybrid copresence that can be experienced in four ways: (reinforced) isolation, ubiquity, (guilty) compensation, and (frustrated) refocusing. The characteristics of these distinct situations and the possible evolutions from one to the other are explored and explained. The results are discussed in relation to the evolution of work in a post-COVID-19 era that seems to encourage the development of more hybrid practices and spatialities. Contributions to three fields of organizational literature are made: organizational space, telecommuting and distantiated forms of work, and coworking spaces. Managerial implications are also discussed around reflections on a more hybrid and multi-spatialized organization of work practices in organizations.

A liberated company is an emerging concept, which is based on trust and autonomy and is radically opposed to hierarchical principles. The empirical literature describes liberation as a complex process of cultural and organizational transformation, wherein managerial functions are questioned or even eliminated, and blind spots are a source of numerous pitfalls. Against this backdrop, the central issue of transforming leadership, and the roles it entails, remains underexplored in liberated companies, whereas reflections are primarily focused on the liberating leader. Using a single case study and a processual, multilevel approach to liberation, this study analyzes the evolution of key leadership roles at the individual (supporting), collective (catalyst), and organizational (driving) levels. The results show that the distribution and sharing of leadership roles is an evolutionary and dynamic process rather than a tipping point and question the opportunities and limits of role distribution at different stages of the process.

This article examines how emotions and cognition work together to shape individual responses to paradox. While much-existing research focuses on organizational response or the effect that either emotions or cognitions have on individual responses, our work shows how emotion and cognition work together to create individual responses. Based on a qualitative study of a global organization with employees who regularly face paradoxes, we found two cognitive appraisals (perception regarding the difficulty of managing paradoxical tensions and self-perception of leadership role) that either generate emotion or regulate response. By examining the interlinking of appraisal – emotion – appraisal – response, we identify two mechanisms that demonstrate the articulation between emotion and cognition: the nonregulated response and the regulated response. We contribute to the existing literature by detailing each mechanism and explaining how emotions and cognition work together to shape individual responses.

This paper contributes to the burgeoning literature on entrepreneurial commitment by providing a first empirical investigation of Howard Becker’s side-bet theory in the context of nascent entrepreneurship. We investigate how different forms of commitment relate to both entrepreneurial behavior and various side-bet categories: satisfying conditions, non-work concerns, others’ expectations, impersonal bureaucratic arrangements, perceived lack of alternatives, individual adjustments to social positions, and self-presentation concerns. We collected data from a representative sample (n = 242) of individuals granted with the French national student-entrepreneur status (NSES). Results froms hierarchical linear regressions reveal different patterns of side bets associated with entrepreneurial commitment, depending on its nature (value-based or exchange-based) and on its focus (the project or the profession). Our study (1) extends side-bet theory to the field of entrepreneurship and (2) improves understanding of factors associated with commitment during the volitional phase of the entrepreneurial process.

This article explores the negotiation of safety between two distinct activity systems that operate jointly on a daily basis: train driving and railway traffic controlling. We have employed cultural-historical activity theory and an ethnographic case study of a large European passenger and freight transport company to pinpoint three different types of movement underpinning the negotiation of safety. These different movements can be found in work organization, work situations, and workers’ actions. The negotiation of safety would appear to be based on the movements of articulation (articulation, disarticulation, re-articulation), alignment (alignment, misalignment, realignment), and separation (separation, re-separation, de-separation) between activity systems. Within the framework of activity theory, we have used evidence from highly reliable organizations and the management of high-risk organizations to offer a better understanding of the movements between activity systems in safety negotiation.

This study utilizes machine learning models, including Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, and Random Forest, in the early warning system for debt group migration in a Vietnamese commercial bank. In predicting customers’ overdue debt migration (B Score), the RF model achieves the highest accuracy of 81.84%. However, if the priority is to reduce Type I errors, SVM performs better with a recall of 91.48%, although the accuracy drops to 46.62%. When predicting customers’ debt group improvement (C Score), SVM proves to be the optimal model in terms of both accuracy and criteria based on Type II errors, with an accuracy of 71.6% and precision of 62.3%. When applied to new datasets, the evaluation criteria decrease, but SVM remains the most optimal model for both B Score and C Score. Additionally, the research results demonstrate that tuning the model parameters leads to a significant improvement in accuracy compared to the default parameters.

Digital transformation (DX) is complex with many automated parts, underlying integrations and processes that need to fit all together. Tools to support the management of DX activities are, therefore, crucial for every business. However, there are just a few of such tools available these days that can help businesses with the DX management both effectively and comprehensively, but none of them was designed particularly for small- and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) of Vietnam. In this study, we will conduct an overview of recent studies on DX, methods and models for SMEs, and relevant research works regarding information support systems for the management of DX for SMEs. We then propose a novel administrative support system that not only addresses the shortcomings of the current state-of-the-art DX management systems but also meets the requirements of DX for SMEs in Vietnam. In addition to the system design and development, we also implement and benchmark the software product at 11 SMEs in Vietnam (and some results if any).

In this article, we propose a new approach to estimating health-care demand. The aim of this paper is to determine the production costs of health care from the demand function of care. To do this, we used an approach based on structural equations where consumption and demand are estimated to capture the dynamics of health costs within a self-managed public hospital. Following this approach, based on the equilibrium between supply and demand of health care, we used the social and professional characteristics of beneficiary to estimate the demand function, which will approximate the cost of health care. The results showed that the demand for care is largely dependent on economic, demographic, and perception factors. Also, the back testing and corroboration tests of the predictions affirm that the functions developed will allow a better cost forecast for the hospital unit, able to propose a budgetary and partial cost approach in the future. Some limitations can be mentioned in connection with the accessibility to accounting data and also the ignorance of time dimension or dynamic evolution of cost demand.

Purpose – Since 2015, China has made efforts to reform its intellectual property rights (IPR) system to better protect and stimulate innovation. These reforms are a result of the demand for more stringent intellectual property (IP) protection from China’s domestic, innovative industries and a measure to ease the pressure exerted by its foreign trading partners, particularly against the background of the US-China trade dispute that started at the beginning of 2018. This paper summarizes these reforms and their implications. Design/methodology/approach – This paper combines a variety of sources, including academic articles, government websites, news reports, industry surveys and expert opinions, to offer insights in China’s IPR system and its recent reforms. Findings – This paper summarizes and discusses (1) the state’s law amendments, including the 2015 amendment of the “Law on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements”, the second amendment of the “Anti-Unfair Competition Law” with regard to trade secret protection, the fourth amendment of the “Patent Law”, and the legislations and regulations addressing the criticisms of the US administration over China’s so-called “forced” technology transfer policies; (2) the establishment of the specialized IP courts and tribunals since 2014; (3) the restructuring of the State IP Office; and (4) the issuing of an “Outline for Building an IPR Powerhouse (2021–2035)”. Originality/value – This paper highlights China’s efforts to make its IPR system stronger and more just. It also discusses international observers’ reactions and pinpoints specific areas for further improvement.

Purpose – Preservice teacher (PST) professional development programs are crucial for cultivating high-quality STEAM teachers of the future, significantly impacting the quality of regional STEAM education. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, as a region of cross-border cooperation, integrates the resources and advantages of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, possessing rich cultural heritage and innovative capabilities. Transdisciplinary Education for Cultural Inheritance (C-STEAM) is an effective approach to promoting educational collaboration within the Greater Bay Area, facilitating the integration of both technological and humanities education. This study aims to develop a Technology-Enabled University-School-Enterprise (T-USE) collaborative education model and implement it in the Greater Bay Area, to explore its role as a support mechanism in professional development and its impact on C-STEAM PSTs' professional capital. Design/methodology/approach – Adopting a qualitative methodology, the study interviewed PSTs who participated in a C-STEAM teacher education course under the T-USE model. Thematic coding is used to analyze their knowledge acquisition, interaction benefits with community members, and autonomous thinking and decision-making in theoretical learning and teaching practice. Findings – The findings show that the T-USE model significantly enhanced the PSTs' human capital, including teaching beliefs, knowledge, and skills. In terms of social capital, PSTs benefited from collaboration with PST groups, university teaching teams, in-service teachers, and enterprises, though challenges such as varying levels of expertise among in-service teachers and occasional technical instability emerged. For decisional capital, the T-USE model provided opportunities for autonomous thinking and promoted teaching judgment skills through real teaching challenges and scenarios. Reflective practice activities also supported PSTs' professional growth. Originality/value – This study reveals the effectiveness and internal mechanism of the T-USE model in C-STEAM PST training, offering significant theoretical and practical references for future PST education.

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the characteristics and competencies of entrepreneurs on business performance within the creative industry in Indonesia. By creative industry, is refer to market-oriented enterprises that use creativity and intellectual capital to create, produce, distribute and disseminate creative goods and services through media channels. Design/methodology/approach – This study measured six entrepreneurial characteristics: creative and innovative, risk-taking, need for achievement, leadership, autonomy and proactiveness. In addition, it measured five entrepreneurial competencies: opportunity, strategy, relationship, organization and learning. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire administered to 294 entrepreneurs operating businesses within the creative industry in Java, Sumatra and Kalimantan, Indonesia. Findings – The findings of this study demonstrated that entrepreneurial characteristics and competencies had a significantly positive effect on business performance. Creativity and innovation emerged as the most influential characteristics, whereas strategy stood out as the most influential competency. Originality/value – This study aimed to examine whether the personal qualities of entrepreneurs as identified within conventional industries − specifically their entrepreneurial characteristics and competencies − had an impact on business performance in the creative industry in Indonesia. Conventional industries, unlike creative industries, are characterized by the production and distribution of physical goods or basic services, with less emphasis on creative innovation as the core driver.

Purpose – This study aims to investigate the comprehensive conceptualization how digital marketing and its adoption increase the productivity of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), as well as the impact of technological orientation, customer relationship management and digital marketing on SMEs’ business performance in emerging markets (EMs). Design/methodology/approach – Anchored by social network theory, 178 SMEs were conveniently drawn from the National Board for Small Scale Industries now Ghana enterprise agencies in Ghana. The hypotheses were analysed using the SPSS package tool, and structural equation modelling was used, as well. Findings – This study reveals that the conceptualization and adoption of digital marketing positively affect the performance of SMEs’ business management in EMs. In addition, a positive moderating effect of dynamism is observed in the relationship between digital marketing and SMEs’ business performance. Research limitations/implications – This study focuses only on SMEs from the Greater Accra and Ashanti regions of Ghana as an EM, and it proposes priorities for future research streams in both developed and emerging countries. Practical implications – The findings encourage SMEs to develop quality digital marketing technologies, good customer relationships and technological orientation and customer relationship management competencies in EMs to maximise profit. Originality/value – This paper fills considerable knowledge, evidence and contextual gaps in the literature on SMEs, entrepreneurship and marketing in EMs by presenting a comprehensive overview of how SMEs can use digital marketing in an EM context to achieve the following: customer acquisitions, satisfaction and retention; increased profitability; quality service delivery; value creation; and cost reductions.

Purpose – This study aims to assess the technological capability of Chinese internet platforms (BAT: Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent) compared to US ones (GAFA: Google, Amazon, Facebook, Apple). More specifically, this study explores Baidu’s technological catching-up process with Google by analyzing their patent textual information. Design/methodology/approach – The authors retrieved 26,383 Google patents and 6,695 Baidu patents from PATSTAT 2019 Spring version. The collected patent documents were vectorized using the Word2Vec model first, and then K-means clustering was applied to visualize the technological space of two firms. Finally, novel indicators were proposed to capture the technological catching-up process between Baidu and Google. Findings – The results show that Baidu follows a trend of US rather than Chinese technology which suggests Baidu is aggressively seeking to catch up with US players in the process of its technological development. At the same time, the impact index of Baidu patents increases over time, reflecting its upgrading of technological competitiveness. Originality/value – This study proposed a new method to analyze technology mapping and evolution based on patent text information. As both US and China are crucial players in the internet industry, it is vital for policymakers in third countries to understand the technological capacity and competitiveness of both countries to develop strategic partnerships effectively.

The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of equity financing on the financial performance of Jordanian industrial companies. The study population comprised 393 board directors from 55 Jordanian industrial companies. Purposive sampling was employed to select 346 board directors for the study sample. Data were collected via an online questionnaire, and the study used a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the study hypotheses. The study concludes that equity financing posi-tively impacts financial performance. Also, each of the angel investors, retained earnings, crowdfunding, and ploughed-back profit positively impact financial performance. The study recommends that Jordanian industrial companies focus on retained earnings as a funding source; what helps is the lower costs of obtaining financing from retained earnings compared with other funding sources. This study is unique because, as far as the researcher knows, it is the first to look at how angel investors, retained earnings, crowdfunding, and ploughed-back profit affect the financial performance of Jordanian industrial compa-nies all at the same time or separately.

Management scholars increasingly seek to make a contribution to addressing the big issues faced by society (climate change, poverty, migratory crises, etc.), often using the term grand challenges to refer to these. However, after an initial phase of enthusiasm, the lack of coherence and distinctiveness of a relatively new management research concept – typical of an ‘umbrella concept’ – has been criticized. This article addresses the research question of how grand challenges can pass the tests of validity and rationalization in order to improve the robustness of the concept. To this end, we map out the literature on grand challenges using a mixed methodology of bibliometric analysis, combining co-citation and bibliographic coupling. By identifying the intellectual foundations and research streams, our paper analyzes the different uses of grand challenges in the literature as well as the resulting inconsistencies – thereby tidying up the concept. The current weaknesses of the grand challenges concept call for a clarification of its attributes. We pinpoint the importance of this redefinition and how it can be achieved, and discuss the possibilities for theoretical development of the field.

As the field of management studies widens its scale of reflection to consider the socio-ecological ecosystems of which organizations are part, more attention is devoted to grand challenges. While extent literature generally treats them as exogenous objects, our focus here is on unfolding encounters with grand challenges. We conceive grand challenges as concrete problems of arbitration of more-than-human ways of life, where the managerial practices of organizations enact and transform grand challenges. We put forward a posthumanism and pragmatist style of thinking, which, we argue, can help us think with grand challenges and engage in creative ways of composing a common world. Through the story of a problematic situation where tangles of grand challenges abound, we offer a mode of construction that can help us compose what is, in a given situation, a ‘better’ world. This mode of construction is based on three sets of practices, namely, slowing down, multispecies world-making, and being present and grieving losses. It facilitates the emergence of new ways of composing the world, helps account for the implication of other species, and foregrounds the elaboration of worlds in a response-able way. Our paper contributes to the grand challenges literature by proposing a mode of attention and action that engages both management researchers and practitioners in the work of constructing multispecies worlds.

Research into meta-organizations – or organizations whose members are organizations – does not explain the observation that members may decouple themselves from ‘parent’ organizations and form ‘child’ organizations that pursue more targeted objectives. Addressing this gap, we study two interlinked meta-organizations – the first created to tackle broad sustainability issues, and the second as a ‘spin off’ to confront the grand challenge of sustainable urban mobility. Mobilizing insights from organizational imprinting, we identify conditions under which members break away from their parent and elucidate how the child organization inherits organizational features from its predecessor while acquiring new ones during the spin-off process. We contribute to meta-organization scholarship by stretching understandings of their post-creation dynamics. We build on organizational imprinting literature by indicating how imprinting processes play out in unconventional organizational forms previously overlooked. Our findings encourage policymakers and practitioners to reflect on how to promote and manage meta-organizations more effectively to address complex social issues.

In this introduction to the special issue of M@n@gement for the 30th anniversary of the AIMS, dedicated to complex societal problems, we examine issues of scale and non-scalability, inspired by Tsing’s work and recent calls for an ethics of care and responsiveness, thus highlighting the need to develop more care and relationality in the study of complex problems and grand challenges. This means questioning scale, recognizing the agency and value of human and nonhuman beings, prioritizing local knowledge, mutual respect, solidarity and coexistence.

The prospect of solving ‘grand challenges’ through technological innovation justifies the interest shown in deep-tech start-ups. These companies develop technological solutions, which they then seek to implement on a massive scale during their scale-up phase. They nevertheless encounter difficulties at this stage, which starts with the validation of their business model. This research supplements the results reported in the literature on business models in the scale-up phase, with a design-oriented approach, which is better suited to the case of technology companies. Based on intervention research carried out in an urban agriculture deep-tech start-up, an axiomatic design tool is used to highlight the importance of distinguishing between the validation of elements of the business model and their preservation. This ensures that the deep-tech start-up’s subsequent developments are aligned with the goals of resolving major challenges.

The perspective of telework is reinvigorated during the pandemic and with the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs), added to flexibility, it calls for organizational change, especially from the performance of People Management (PM). In this sense, this article proposes to analyze the state of the art in the subject of people management practices in the context of telecommuting. This is a study with descriptive purposes, of a qualitative nature, using bibliometric analyses, to support the systematic review of the literature proposed here. A survey was carried out on the Web of Science database, with no time frame. After the implementation of the protocol, it was decided to use the RStudio and VOSviewer software to perform the bibliometric analyses. Three distinct research clusters were grouped: (1) the relationship between people management practices and new flexible work arrangements; (2) the individual-organization paradox when telecommuting is experienced; and (3) the role of people management practices in the context of telework. It was found that the field of studies on people management practices in the context of telework is marked by the urgency of updating research and proposals that produce transformations and prioritize the reality experienced by teleworkers, organizations, and society. If before the global pandemic crisis, new flexible work arrangements already announced auspicious scenarios, although challenging for management, from now on they have come to establish themselves as effective alternatives for work rearrangement, safeguarding the cultural specificities of each organization.

After 10 years of the policy of quotas at federal universities, the literature still lacks research on the inclusion of quota and non-quota graduates in the labor market. Faced with this problem, the aim of the article was to compare the gains in the labor market between quota holders and non-quota holders from undergraduate courses at Brazilian federal universities. For that, we applied an electronic questionnaire, which was answered by a significant sample of 11,458 graduates, from 248 undergraduate courses, from all areas of knowledge, from 18 federal universities and from the five regions of Brazil. Using the Chi-Square Test, we compared occupation status, the reason for not working, industry, type of position/job, remuneration, size of company/organization and occupation of leadership or management positions among graduates. The results suggest that quota holders graduates have high occupation rates, with a good insertion in the labor market, working in positions/jobs said to be more qualified, in large companies/organizations and receiving good remuneration. However, the results suggest that, in general, the occupational and salary earnings of quota holder graduates are still lower than those of non-quota holder graduates. Therefore, our results suggest that the quota policy of federal universities is an important tool for the socioeconomic inclusion of quota students, justifying its existence, but that it, by itself, still does not completely eliminate the strong social inequality among Brazilian families, which seems to affect differently the earnings of professionals in the labor market.

Diversity and Inclusion has been on the agenda of organizations in recent decades, pressured by civil society movements and the need for companies to operate in global markets. Even so, there were no significant advances in the panorama of diversity and inclusion in the labor market, as prejudice against the unknown and the different remains. The aim of this study was to analyze strategies for addressing unconscious biases in Diversity and Inclusion programs in the Big Four's workplace. The research carried out a documental analysis using the descriptive content analysis technique and data collection took place through access to publicly available corporate materials between the years 2018 and 2022. However, the first reports included in the research were from the year 2013, beginning of electronic disclosure. Among the results of this study, it was possible to identify that neuroscience is presented as a theoretical basis and that training has been the most used strategy for this approach. The top leadership of the companies has publicly committed to Diversity and Inclusion goals and that the four companies seek to achieve levels of diversity also in the composition of leadership at all levels.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced the adoption of teleworking from home as an alternative to making operations viable for several companies, which implied adjustments in management models. Thus, this paper aims to identify the relationships among leadership styles (transactional and transformational), organizational climate, teleworker satisfaction, and manager incivility in the context of teleworking from home, in the short term and potentially on the long term. The quantitative research uses structural equation modeling estimated by partial least squares. The results show that both leadership styles and organizational climate positively impact teleworker satisfaction. Additionally, organizational climate partially mediates the relationships between leadership styles and teleworker satisfaction. However, the moderating effect of incivility is not confirmed. That contributes to the organization entirely or partially in a home office, a post-pandemic trend, or in new similar situations. The Theory of Adjustment highlights the relationship between the constructs studied in a virtual context, contributing to the field of people management studies.

Objective: To identify the ideological discourse on narcotrafficking in the Americas expressed by documentaries and the values that, based on them, are accepted as a portrayal of reality. Method: We performed a film analysis (Medina, 2020) of 4 documentaries produced from 2017 to 2020, available on the Netflix streaming service, that address the illegal cocaine industry in the American continent. Theoretical Framework: From Mészáros (2004), we understand that the dominant ideological system presents the rules whereby human beings understand, deal with, and act in the world in order to solve social conflicts. Results: In the films, the relationship between the high drug consumption in the USA and the respective drug manufacturing in Latin countries is based on the production of two antagonistic imaginaries: a positive one about the USA, and a negative one about Latin countries involved in drug trafficking, which unfolds in the formation of the victim-villain-hero triad that legitimizes the common consent of American interventions in the war against drugs and its victims, regardless of their nationalities. Conclusions: The selectivity in the depiction regarding the appearance of the narcotrafficking phenomenon in different countries demonstrates a favorable dichotomy to the capitalist order, breeding a fetishized collective subjectivity that hinders class consciousness.

Beauty skin care has now become a necessity for everyone who wants healthy skin. The lifestyle of women demands more attention to appearance, for that skin care is very important for everyone. Skin and facial care is one of the main needs of modern women who will support their activities. This need is so noticed by skin health and beauty care service companies, that various skin and facial care clinic businesses have sprung up, especially in big cities. This paper contributes to this field by presenting an analysis of new econometric literature on academic research on customer loyalty in the beauty clinic industry. This method utilizes tools like VOSviewer to visualize and analyze bibliographic data, enabling researchers to identify key concepts, research directions, and emerging trends in a particular field. VOSviewer, a widely used software, helps in mapping relationships between concepts, determining research trends, and providing insights for future studies.sing. This study reviewed the comprehensive Scopus database, analyzing 383 documents to identify key metrics, such as influential publication sources, keywords, countries, affiliations, and authors. The results revealed a growing number of publications related to consumer loyalty.

In the dynamic telecommunications sector, customer retention is of paramount importance for companies like First Media in Indonesia, given the rapid technological advancements and increasing demand for high-quality services. This study explores the factors influencing customer retention, including service encounter communication, internet service quality, service convenience, perceived value, customer satisfaction, and brand love. Service encounter communication, service convenience, and internet service quality are examined in relation to their effect on perceived value, customer satisfaction, and customer retention. A comprehensive survey was conducted using Google Forms, with 49 indicators distributed across these variables, and data analysis was performed using Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that service encounter communication has a positive and significant effect on perceived value, customer satisfaction, and customer retention. Service convenience positively affects customer satisfaction but does not affect perceived value or customer retention. Internet service quality has a positive influence on perceived value. Perceived value enhances customer satisfaction, leading to improved customer retention and brand love, which in turn positively influences customer retention. This study provides valuable insights for First Media to enhance customer retention and satisfaction. However, it has limitations in terms of variable selection and testing, suggesting opportunities for future research to explore additional factors contributing to customer retention and brand management.

Research on firm growth shows that results vary depending on the measure of growth used. Many empirical studies have tested the comparability of firm growth measures. This study examined concurrent validity among the growth measures of professional service firms (PSFs). Specifically, we examined the absolute and relative growth rates of 87 patent firms from 1998 to 2008 using five growth variables—firm sales, total number of patent applications, number of domestic patent applications, number of patent attorneys, and number of employees. We found that concurrent validity was high only between number of total patent applications and number of domestic patent applications. The reason may be that for patent firms, other factors are in play, such as level of business diversification and outsourcing, range of clients, and number of support personnel who are not formally qualified. This shows that PSFs and private sector firms exhibit different growth paths. However, this also suggests that it is not sufficient to measure firm growth using growth measures that do not consider differences among private sector firms in different sectors or firms within the same sector but with different structures.

While extensive research studies exist on the influence of AI solutions on organizations as a whole, there is a paucity of comprehensive studies examining the adoption of these solutions in product development and subsequent management processes. This article presents an exploratory investigation of the applications, challenges, and determinants of success associated with artificial intelligence (AI) solutions employed in the product development and management processes. To this end, a qualitative thematic analysis is conducted based on twelve in-depth interviews with experts proficient in AI engineering and product management, representing twelve distinct organizations within the Polish IT sector. This article offers insights into four potential applications and expounds on various factors impacting the challenges and success of deployed AI solutions, generating two additional emergent themes. This article delineates practical implications for organizations and product managers and proposes intriguing directions for future research exploring topical areas of study.

This article aims to analyze how organizational purpose influences the meaning of work and employee engagement. The article is relevant due to the scarcity of studies on the subject, but also because organizations have faced numerous challenges linked to new ways of working, resignations from professionals who are looking for greater personal and professional fulfillment, among other factors that impact the meaning of work and employee engagement. Given this scenario, this article makes contributions as it identifies: (i) how the phenomenon “organizational purpose” manifests itself in practice; (ii) its relevance; (iii) its positive impact on the meaning of work and engagement and (iv) the importance of the role of leadership in this process. To achieve the objective of this work, ten semi-structured, qualitative research studies were carried out, using the thematic analysis technique to process the data. The study concludes that: (i) the organizational purpose needs to be authentic; (ii) that there is a direct relationship between a company with an organizational purpose and the positive impact it generates on the meanings of work; (iii) the organizational purpose is the “differentiator” in engagement; (iv) and leadership is a driver and guardian of purpose.

The objective of this study was to identify the structural guiding elements for the implementation of a telecommuting model in the post-pandemic scenario. The theoretical framework was based on specialized literature on telecommuting and organizational change, particularly drawing from the design structure proposed in Galbraith's Star Model. The research strategy is a case study type. The data analysis technique used was content analysis of interviews conducted with 24 leaders and employees of the cooperative related to the topic, generating 409 citations, 58 subcategories, and 5 analytical categories, which were systematized with the help of the software Atlas.ti 8.0. After data analysis, it was evident that the main structural (synthetic) elements for the implementation of the work model are consistent with the dimensions of the chosen theoretical framework: strategy, structure, processes and lateral capability, reward system, and people system. However, it was also possible to note that there are specific and significant structural (analytical) elements that need to be considered by organizations that aim to migrate to or implement a telecommuting model, considering the peculiarities of the specific context of the cooperative organization in this study.

Although the field of studies in Industrial Relations (IR) in Brazil was born along with the Brazilian Academy of Management itself, contributions regarding the models used to compare Industrial Relations Systems (IRSs) from different countries in Brazilian literature are still very rare. On the other hand, models to compare IRSs from different countries are quite present and can be considered traditional in the international literature produced in Europe, the USA, Australia and more recently in Asia. This work presents the trajectory of IRSs theories and the debate surrounding them, from the founders of this field in the USA and England to the VoC model – Varieties of Capitalism, a model that has been widely used internationally. Criticism of this VoC model, initially composed of two types, liberal and regulated, for being excessively focused on the most industrialized countries, generated other types within VoC, such as the Hierarchical Model of Capitalism (HME). This HME type is understood here as a possible starting model for the analysis of Latin American SRTs, including the Brazilian one, although this variant has also suffered criticism, which, in the understanding of this article, does not preclude its use.

This paper aimed to analyze how agents – managers and employees – experienced change in an educational institution, due to the Covid-19 pandemic. We developed a framework that considers the junction between Badham's 5M Framework (mindful, mobilising, mapping, mask, and mirror) and Pettigrew's processual approach to strategic change (why change - context, what to change – content, and how to change - process). We carried out a qualitative, descriptive, and explanatory case study in an educational institution, here called Beta. Data were collected through 12 narrative interviews with Beta’s managers and employees. And they were analyzed by means of categorial content analysis technique, using the NVivo Software. The results revealed that the change occurred in three phases – the closure and online teaching; the hybrid teaching model; and the return to the ‘new normal’. To face the challenges, complexity and chaos, the unity and cohesion of the group to overcome a 'common enemy' - the pandemic - was preponderant. The sharing of solutions as well as the pain and suffering was built in a creative and flexible way, tuning the difficulties faced with support, counseling, and leadership strategies. This study allowed the elaboration of a theoretical framework that join the two approaches, called Processual Analysis of Management to Change.

In recent years, a predominantly European research movement known as Constructivist Market Studies (CMS) has been gaining projection within the field of Marketing. Influenced by Michel Callon’s performativity thesis, this movement establishes a line of research that explores how marketing knowledge produces market realities. However, the emergence of neoliberal markets by the hegemonic Management School of Marketing seems to go unquestioned, even with the proliferation of criticism aimed at these versions of the market developed by academia and society in territories marked by colonial experiences. Based on this gap, this article aims to look into how the concept of “border thinking” can be used to decolonize the market performativity produced by the Management School of Marketing. To this end, an initial effort has been made to provincialize the emergence and consolidation of the dominant marketing school of thought in the United States, subsequently revealing its dimensions of coloniality. Such dimensions help explain why it is so difficult to perform alternative market realities. In this sense, the goal is to contribute to the Constructivist Market Studies movement in Brazil by not only producing neoliberal market realities, but also fairer and more inclusive pluriversal alternative versions that should benefit and ensure better conditions for the majority of lives, both human and non-human, in both the Global South and North.

This study aimed to propose a framework with determinant elements for collaborative consumption, to understand how individuals behave regarding sharing practices. Exploratory research with a quali-quantitative approach was conducted through a survey with specialists in studies on collaborative consumption in Brazil, who have publications and works developed on the subject in the last three years, so that they presented contributions anchored in their practical experiences and theoretical. The results were qualitatively categorized and analyzed according to the translation validity technique (face validity and content validity). And quantitatively, analyzes were made based on the weighted average, standard deviation, and Content Validity Index (CVI). Based on the results presented in this study, collaborative consumption is conceptualized as an activity to generate access to tangible and intangible resources activated by sharing, mediated by the use of platforms both in the peer-to-peer relationship and by intermediary companies, through some compensation (monetary or not) and social, environmental, economic and individual factors are relevant and representative to measure the tendency of consumers' behavior to practice collaborative consumption.

This study proposes an exploratory methodology for analyzing participation in Electronic Networks of Practice, focusing on a network of 500 specialists in breast cancer treatment as a case study. The research addresses a critical gap in understanding how conversational dynamics influence participation in professional forums. Conversation measures and participation measures reported in the literature are identified and categorized, and new ones are suggested. This study by correlation analysis reveals three key participation triggers: initiator features, timing of initiation, and feedback, while also identifying non-associated variables like conversation topic and expression. Clustering categorizes conversations into four types, each exhibiting participation patterns and attributes. Social network analysis further reveals the network’s structure and participants’ interrelations. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of participation in Electronic Networks of Practice and show the methodology’s broader applicability in analyzing professional networks. The study’s insights are vital for practitioners and theorists by offering a perspective on fostering knowledge sharing.

Nowadays, the corporate governance quality (CGQ) of a company has become increasingly important as it is the benchmark for the investment decision-making process. However, there are not many studies of CGQ in the Vietnamese public sector. In this regard, this study adopted and adapted the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) corporate governance scorecard and the Vietnamese Listed Company Awards scorecard to evaluate the CGQ of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Vietnam. Data from 220 equitized SOEs were collected from a self-administered survey and double-checked with information from in-depth interviews with the company’s managers and their documents. Collected data were analyzed to score the CGQ of surveyed companies. Results showed that the CGQ of survey companies met the basic requirements that comply with the legal framework. The analysis also showed the differences between two groups of state-owned enterprises: listed versus unlisted joint-stock companies. Based on the findings, we suggested companies improve and adjust their governance policies following 77 scorecard criteria and apply international best practices in corporate governance to promote their brand value to become more appealing to investors.

Business ventures can be carried out by taking advantage of existing online innovation and entertainment, because currently everyone can access and even have a virtual entertainment account that can be used to share data in the form of photos and recordings. TikTok is an online entertainment that is generally popular among millennials for doing business. The reason for this exploration is to find out the extent of the role of social media TikTok in increasing students' interest in entrepreneurship . The population in this study were students at UIN North Sumatra with a total of 100 respondents using a purposive test. The method of collecting information uses surveys, the investigation strategy used is basic straight relapse. The test results show that the dependent variable is TikTok web-based entertainment (X), more or less and at the same time has a significant effect on the independent factor Business Interest (Y), with a value of tcount (8.308) > ttable (1.984). ) and with a Sig level. (0.000) < (0.05), this tends to be reasonable that the TikTok virtual entertainment variable influences interest in business ventures. Regarding the collateral coefficient (R Square), and it means that every 1% increase in TikTok web-based entertainment will increase business interest by 41.3%. Meanwhile, remember The impact of recognizing traditional assumptions shows that the model conditions do not suffer from the adverse effects of multicollinearity problems, do not contain heteroscedasticity and show normal conditions.

This study aims to determine the effect of shopping lifestyle on buying interest, discounts on buying interest, buying interest in purchasing decisions, shopping lifestyle on purchasing decisions through buying interest and discounts on purchasing decisions through product buying interest in the Shopee Indonesia marketplace. This study uses a quantitative approach, with an unknown population and a sample of 200 respondents. The sampling technique uses a statistical calculation method, namely using the Hair et al formula. While the type of sample used is purposive sampling, the analysis method uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) SmartPLS software version 3.0. The results showed that shopping lifetsyle had a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, discount had a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, purchase intention had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, shopping lifestyle had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions through purchase intention, discount had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions through purchase intention. The practical implications of this research are expected to help shopee companies to maintain sales promotions by providing discounts to their consumers, because shopping lifestyle and discounts have a significant influence on buying interest and purchasing decisions.

Indonesia faces the challenge of a rapidly increasing labor force that is not proportional to the number of jobs available, resulting in unemployment. This study examines the effect of economic growth, inflation, and minimum wage on unemployment in 34 provinces in Indonesia from 2018 to 2022. This research uses secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics and Bank Indonesia. The data processing method uses panel data regression with the Fixed Effect model. The results of the analysis show that economic growth and inflation have a negative and significant relationship with unemployment in Indonesia. In contrast, the provincial minimum wage has a positive and significant relationship with unemployment in Indonesia.

The research presented here uses the Indonesian Surplus case study to examine how brand reputation affects brand performance. The study employed a quantitative descriptive methodology with one hundred respondents—a proportion of men and women—dispersed around Jakarta. Using the Surplus Indonesia application, respondents who have bought goods from partners throughout the research period of July to December 2023 are the target audience for purposive sampling. Partial Least Square is used in the data analysis approach (PLS). Smart PLS version 4 was the data analysis tool that was implemented. Questionnaires in the form of Google Forms were distributed to respondents using a Likert scale with a range of one to five. The study's findings demonstrate that brand reputation significantly and positively affects brand performance. The research's management conclusion is that Surplus Indonesia's existence can function as a platform to assist small, medium, and large enterprises in the economy in managing food that is fit for human consumption.

Purpose This research aims to identify how corporate governance techniques influence the development levels in Pakistan's life insurance sector. A key focus of the study is the interplay between the development and expansion of the life insurance business and the principles of corporate governance. Methodology This is a quantitative study. Data was gathered from Pakistani insurance firms using a cross-sectional survey with a sample size of 400 respondents. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was the primary technique for data analysis. The results suggest that customers, investors, and other stakeholders can develop trust and awareness through effective corporate governance processes. Findings An assessment of the overall fit of the statistical model indicates a good fit, as all metrics fall within acceptable ranges. The regression analysis shows that all independent variables (V1, V2, V3, V4) have a statistically significant relationship with the dependent variable (Banca). The standardized regression weights (SRW) suggest that each variable positively influences the Banca, meaning that as these variables increase, so does the Banca. Conclusion The study concludes that strong corporate governance procedures in insurance companies increase the likelihood of conducting business transparently and ethically, which fosters customer trust and awareness. Additionally, such businesses may improve customer access to insurance products through enhanced risk management and financial stability.

Purpose This study examined the effect of the risk-free rate of return and other macroeconomic variables on the stock prices of firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange-100 (PSX). Methodology The data from 2013 to 2023 was collected from the Karachi Stock Exchange website, Yahoo Finance, and the State Bank of Pakistan’s website. The main techniques for data analysis were Johansen-Juselius (J.J.) cointegration and the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Findings The findings show that a risk-free rate significantly impacts stock returns in the long run. Further, foreign direct investment (FDI) has a significant positive impact on the stock return of listed companies. The cointegration result indicates a long-run association among all the selected variables. Moreover, the results of the VECM show that the error correction term (ECT) in VECM (-1) is negative (-0.150) and significant. The negative coefficient of 0.150 indicates that deviations from the long-run equilibrium will be corrected at a speed of 15% per period, approximately within 7 months. Conclusion The study concludes that stock prices and macroeconomic indicators have long-run associations. Conversely, changes in the risk-free rate of return by the government or the banking sector have the opposite effect on stock prices. This study assists government officials, stock market participants, and policymakers in determining the profitability of the National Savings Scheme and Banks.

Purpose This study aims to investigate how board diversity affects financial reporting quality by examining the relationship between board size, composition, and independence. Methodology The panel data of 32 firms from the Agriculture, Consumer Goods, Industrial Goods, Natural Resources, and Oil and Gas sectors were obtained from two published sources - the Nigerian Exchange Group (NXG) and audited financial statements of the companies from 2012 to 2021. The heteroskedasticity-corrected – the panel corrected standard error approach was used to test the firm-level data Findings The result shows that board size and structure have a negative and significant impact on earnings management, while the impact of board independence is positive but not significant. This indicates that a negative significant influence on earnings management corresponds to improved financial reporting quality, while a positive significant influence corresponds to deteriorated financial reporting quality. Therefore, only board size and board structure are considered as board characteristics that impact financial reporting quality. Conclusion The study concludes that quality financial reporting is important for participants in the capital markets to make informed decisions. The paper offers regulatory bodies more insights to support direction for support reforms, policy-making, and enforcement.

Purpose This paper explores the relationship between exchange rates, exports, and foreign direct investment in South Africa. Methodology The paper utilized Johansen cointegration, vector error correction model (VECM), and Granger causality test on annual data from 1986 to 2022. Findings The study reveals a substantial causal relationship between the Real Exchange Rate (RER) and Real gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC). The RER implies that an increase in the value of the home currency causes a decline in exports (EXP). Disregarding the economic conditions in South Africa, in essence, only demonstrates that any upward or negative movement in RER causes GDPPC to grow or fall since any rand depreciation offers a pathway to reduce domestic imports while raising local exports, which leads to greater GDPPC. Conclusion This study concludes that adopting laws that support RER, exports, and foreign direct investment is important for South Africa's economic development. These policies can also be useful during national unrest, such as pandemics and emergencies. It is also important to consider the stability of domestic funds and how they affect foreign and domestic business sectors when developing a financial strategy and carefully managing foreign direct investment.