1. Recent advances in the study of hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA.
- Author
-
Ji M and Hu K
- Subjects
- DNA, Circular genetics, DNA, Viral genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Viral, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Trans-Activators metabolism, Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins, DNA, Circular metabolism, DNA, Viral metabolism, Hepatitis B virus genetics, Hepatitis B virus growth & development, Hepatitis B, Chronic virology, Hepatocytes virology
- Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B infection is caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and a total cure is yet to be achieved. The viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is the key to establish a persistent infection within hepatocytes. Current antiviral strategies have no effect on the pre-existing cccDNA reservoir. Therefore, the study of the molecular mechanism of cccDNA formation is becoming a major focus of HBV research. This review summarizes the current advances in cccDNA molecular biology and the latest studies on the elimination or inactivation of cccDNA, including three major areas: (1) epigenetic regulation of cccDNA by HBV X protein, (2) immune-mediated degradation, and (3) genome-editing nucleases. All these aspects provide clues on how to finally attain a cure for chronic hepatitis B infection.
- Published
- 2017
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