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1. First Results from the LUX Dark Matter Experiment at the Sanford Underground Research Facility

Author

Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Bedikian, S, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bolozdynya, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Clark, K, Coffey, T, Currie, A, Curioni, A, Dazeley, S, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Dragowsky, EM, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hanhardt, M, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kastens, L, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Kyre, S, Lander, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Lyashenko, A, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Morii, M, Murphy, A St J, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Nikkel, JA, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Skulski, W, Sofka, CJ, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stiegler, T, O'Sullivan, K, Sumner, TJ, Svoboda, R, Sweany, M, Szydagis, M, Taylor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, White, D, Witherell, MS, Wlasenko, M, and Wolfs, FLH

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, LUX Collaboration, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment is a dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota). The LUX cryostat was filled for the first time in the underground laboratory in February 2013. We report results of the first WIMP search data set, taken during the period from April to August 2013, presenting the analysis of 85.3 live days of data with a fiducial volume of 118 kg. A profile-likelihood analysis technique shows our data to be consistent with the background-only hypothesis, allowing 90% confidence limits to be set on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering with a minimum upper limit on the cross section of 7.6 × 10(-46) cm(2) at a WIMP mass of 33 GeV/c(2). We find that the LUX data are in disagreement with low-mass WIMP signal interpretations of the results from several recent direct detection experiments.

Published
2014

2. A Detailed Look at the First Results from the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) Dark Matter Experiment

Author

Szydagis, M, Akerib, DS, Araujo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Coffey, T, Currie, A, Viveiros, L de, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Murphy, A St J, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, O'Sullivan, K, Sumner, T, Taylor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C

Subjects
hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, physics.ins-det
Abstract

LUX, the world's largest dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber, with afiducial target mass of 118 kg and 10,091 kg-days of exposure thus far, iscurrently the most sensitive direct dark matter search experiment. The initialnull-result limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering cross-sectionwas released in October 2013, with a primary scintillation threshold of 2 phe,roughly 3 keVnr for LUX. The detector has been deployed at the SanfordUnderground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, and is the firstexperiment to achieve a limit on the WIMP cross-section lower than $10^{-45}$cm$^{2}$. Here we present a more in-depth discussion of the novel energy scaleemployed to better understand the nuclear recoil light and charge yields, andof the calibration sources, including the new internal tritium source. We foundthe LUX data to be in conflict with low-mass WIMP signal interpretations ofother results.

Published
2014

3. The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment

Author

Akerib, DS, Bai, X, Bedikian, S, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bolozdynya, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Camp, C, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Carr, D, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, A, Chiller, C, Clark, K, Classen, T, Coffey, T, Curioni, A, Dahl, E, Dazeley, S, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dragowsky, E, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, M, Hall, C, Hanhardt, M, Holbrook, B, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kastens, L, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Kyre, S, Kwong, J, Lander, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Lyashenko, A, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, Marquez, Z, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morii, M, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Nikkel, JA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Rodionov, A, Roberts, P, Shei, A, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Skulski, W, Solovov, VN, Sofka, CJ, Sorensen, P, Spaans, J, Stiegler, T, Stolp, D, Svoboda, R, Sweany, M, Szydagis, M, Taylor, D, Thomson, J, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, D, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Wlasenko, M, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Dark matter detectors, Liquid xenon, physics.ins-det, hep-ex, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract

The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) collaboration has designed and constructed a dual-phase xenon detector, in order to conduct a search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), a leading dark matter candidate. The goal of the LUX detector is to clearly detect (or exclude) WIMPS with a spin independent cross-section per nucleon of 2×10-46cm2, equivalent to ∼1event/100kg/month in the inner 100-kg fiducial volume (FV) of the 370-kg detector. The overall background goals are set to have

Published
2013

4. LUXSim: A component-centric approach to low-background simulations

Author

Akerib, DS, Bai, X, Bedikian, S, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bradley, A, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Carr, D, Chapman, JJ, Clark, K, Classen, T, Coffey, T, Dazeley, S, De Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dragowsky, M, Druszkiewicz, E, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gibson, KR, Hall, C, Hanhardt, M, Holbrook, B, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kastens, L, Kazkaz, K, Lander, R, Larsen, N, Lee, C, Leonard, D, Lesko, K, Lyashenko, A, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Mock, J, Morii, M, Nelson, H, Nikkel, JA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Phelps, P, Shutt, T, Skulski, W, Sorensen, P, Spaans, J, Stiegler, T, Svoboda, R, Sweany, M, Szydagis, M, Thomson, J, Tripathi, M, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Wlasenko, M, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C

Subjects
Simulation, Low-background, Dark matter, Underground, Geant4, physics.data-an, hep-ex, nucl-ex, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences
Abstract

Geant4 has been used throughout the nuclear and high-energy physics community to simulate energy depositions in various detectors and materials. These simulations have mostly been run with a source beam outside the detector. In the case of low-background physics, however, a primary concern is the effect on the detector from radioactivity inherent in the detector parts themselves. From this standpoint, there is no single source or beam, but rather a collection of sources with potentially complicated spatial extent. LUXSim is a simulation framework used by the LUX collaboration that takes a component-centric approach to event generation and recording. A new set of classes allows for multiple radioactive sources to be set within any number of components at run time, with the entire collection of sources handled within a single simulation run. Various levels of information can also be recorded from the individual components, with these record levels also being set at run time. This flexibility in both source generation and information recording is possible without the need to recompile, reducing the complexity of code management and the proliferation of versions. Within the code itself, casting geometry objects within this new set of classes rather than as the default Geant4 classes automatically extends this flexibility to every individual component. No additional work is required on the part of the developer, reducing development time and increasing confidence in the results. We describe the guiding principles behind LUXSim, detail some of its unique classes and methods, and give examples of usage. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2012

5. Radio-assay of Titanium samples for the LUX Experiment

Author

Akerib, DS, Bai, X, Bedikian, S, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bradley, A, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Carr, D, Chapman, JJ, Chan, Y-D, Clark, K, Classen, T, Coffey, T, Dazeley, S, deViveiros, L, Dragowsky, M, Druszkiewicz, E, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gibson, KR, Hall, C, Hanhardt, M, Holbrook, B, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kastens, L, Kazkaz, K, Lander, R, Larsen, N, Lee, C, Leonard, D, Lesko, K, Lyashenko, A, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, D, Mei, D, Mock, J, Morii, M, Nelson, H, Nikkel, JA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Phelps, P, Shutt, T, Skulski, W, Sorensen, P, Spaans, J, Stiegler, T, Svoboda, R, Smith, A, Sweany, M, Szydagis, M, Thomson, J, Tripathi, M, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Wlasenko, M, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, Uvarov, S, and Zhang, C

Subjects
physics.ins-det, hep-ex
Abstract

We report on the screening of samples of titanium metal for theirradio-purity. The screening process described in this work led to the selectionof materials used in the construction of the cryostats for the LargeUnderground Xenon (LUX) dark matter experiment. Our measurements establishtitanium as a highly desirable material for low background experimentssearching for rare events. The sample with the lowest total long-lived activitywas measured to contain

Published
2011

6. Solar fusion cross sections. II. the pp chain and CNO cycles

Author

Adelberger, EG, García, A, Robertson, RGH, Snover, KA, Balantekin, AB, Heeger, K, Ramsey-Musolf, MJ, Bemmerer, D, Junghans, A, Bertulani, CA, Chen, JW, Costantini, H, Prati, P, Couder, M, Uberseder, E, Wiescher, M, Cyburt, R, Davids, B, Freedman, SJ, Gai, M, Gazit, D, Gialanella, L, Imbriani, G, Greife, U, Hass, M, Haxton, WC, Itahashi, T, Kubodera, K, Langanke, K, Leitner, D, Leitner, M, Vetter, P, Winslow, L, Marcucci, LE, Motobayashi, T, Mukhamedzhanov, A, Tribble, RE, Nollett, KM, Nunes, FM, Park, TS, Parker, PD, Schiavilla, R, Simpson, EC, Spitaleri, C, Strieder, F, Trautvetter, HP, Suemmerer, K, and Typel, S

Subjects
nucl-ex, astro-ph.SR, hep-ex, nucl-th, Fluids & Plasmas, Physical Sciences
Abstract

The available data on nuclear fusion cross sections important to energy generation in the Sun and other hydrogen-burning stars and to solar neutrino production are summarized and critically evaluated. Recommended values and uncertainties are provided for key cross sections, and a recommended spectrum is given for B8 solar neutrinos. Opportunities for further increasing the precision of key rates are also discussed, including new facilities, new experimental techniques, and improvements in theory. This review, which summarizes the conclusions of a workshop held at the Institute for Nuclear Theory, Seattle, in January 2009, is intended as a 10-year update and supplement to 1998, Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 1265RMPHAT0034-686110.1103/RevModPhys.70.1265. © 2011 American Physical Society.

Published
2011

7. A Detailed Look at the First Results from the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) Dark Matter Experiment

Author

Szydagis, M, Akerib, DS, Araujo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Bernard, E, Bernstein, A, Bradley, A, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chapman, JJ, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Coffey, T, Currie, A, Viveiros, L de, Dobi, A, Dobson, J, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, B, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Flores, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, C, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Kazkaz, K, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Malling, DC, Mannino, R, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, J, Murphy, A St J, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, H, Neves, F, Ott, RA, Pangilinan, M, Parker, PD, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Shutt, T, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, O'Sullivan, K, Sumner, T, Taylor, D, Tennyson, B, Tiedt, DR, Tripathi, M, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Walsh, N, Webb, R, White, JT, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woods, M, and Zhang, C

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), physics.ins-det, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

LUX, the world's largest dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber, with a fiducial target mass of 118 kg and 10,091 kg-days of exposure thus far, is currently the most sensitive direct dark matter search experiment. The initial null-result limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering cross-section was released in October 2013, with a primary scintillation threshold of 2 phe, roughly 3 keVnr for LUX. The detector has been deployed at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, and is the first experiment to achieve a limit on the WIMP cross-section lower than $10^{-45}$ cm$^{2}$. Here we present a more in-depth discussion of the novel energy scale employed to better understand the nuclear recoil light and charge yields, and of the calibration sources, including the new internal tritium source. We found the LUX data to be in conflict with low-mass WIMP signal interpretations of other results., Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of The 10th International Symposium on Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics (CosPA2013); fixed author list and added info on new calibration

Published
2018

8. Solar fusion cross sections II: the pp chain and CNO cycles

Author

Rocco Schiavilla, Gianluca Imbriani, Wick Haxton, Alejandro Garcia, H. Costantini, Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf, K. Langanke, Barry Davids, Ethan Uberseder, Filomena Nunes, Daniel Bemmerer, R. E. Tribble, Daniela Leitner, Moshe Gai, K. A. Snover, Paolo Prati, H. P. Trautvetter, Frank Strieder, Laura Elisa Marcucci, Arnd R. Junghans, R. G. Hamish Robertson, Kenneth M. Nollett, Kuniharu Kubodera, Claudio Spitaleri, Jiunn-Wei Chen, Michael Wiescher, Takahisa Itahashi, T. Motobayashi, Richard H. Cyburt, P. D. Parker, Edward Simpson, Matthaeus Leitner, Uwe Greife, Stuart Freedman, K. M. Heeger, K. Suemmerer, Stefan Typel, T.-S. Park, L. Winslow, A. M. Mukhamedzhanov, L. Gialanella, Michael Hass, A. B. Balantekin, Paul Vetter, Eric Adelberger, D. Gazit, Manoel Couder, Carlos A. Bertulani, Adelberger, E. G., Garcia, A., Robertson, R. G. H., Snover, K. A., Balantekin, A. B., Heeger, K., Ramsey Musolf, M. J., Bemmerer, D., Junghans, A., Bertulani, C. A., Chen, J. W., Costantini, H., Prati, P., Couder, M., Uberseder, E., Wiescher, M., Cyburt, R., Davids, B., Freedman, S. J., Gai, M., Gazit, D., Gialanella, L., Imbriani, Gianluca, Greife, U., Hass, M., Haxton, W. C., Itahashi, T., Kubodera, K., Langanke, K., Leitner, D., Leitner, M., Vetter, P., Winslow, L., Marcucci, L. E., Motobayashi, T., Mukhamedzhanov, A, Tribble, R. E., Nollett, K. M., Nunes, F. M., Park, T. S., Parker, P. D., Schiavilla, R., Simpson, E. C., Spitaleri, C., Strieder, F., Trautvetter, H. P., Suemmerer, K., Typel, S., Adelberger, Eg, Garcia, A, Robertson, Rgh, Snover, Ka, Balantekin, Ab, Heeger, K, Ramsey Musolf, Mj, Bemmerer, D, Junghans, A, Bertulani, Ca, Chen, Jw, Costantini, H, Prati, P, Couder, M, Uberseder, E, Wiescher, M, Cyburt, R, Davids, B, Freedman, Sj, Gai, M, Gazit, D, Gialanella, Lucio, Imbriani, G, Greife, U, Hass, M, Haxton, Wc, Itahashi, T, Kubodera, K, Langanke, K, Leitner, D, Leitner, M, Vetter, P, Winslow, L, Marcucci, Le, Motobayashi, T, Tribble, Re, Nollett, Km, Nunes, Fm, Park, T, Parker, Pd, Schiavilla, R, Simpson, Ec, Spitaleri, C, Strieder, F, Trautvetter, Hp, and Suemmerer, K

Subjects
Evoluzione Stellare, CNO cycle, astro-ph.SR, nucl-th, Nuclear Theory, Solar neutrino, Fluids & Plasmas, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, nucl-ex, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Affordable and Clean Energy, Solar core, Nucleosintesi Stellare, Nuclear fusion, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Fisica Nucleare Sperimentale, Physics, Proton–proton chain reaction, Astrofisica Nucleare, business.industry, hep-ex, Solar energy, Stars, Electricity generation, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physical Sciences, business
Abstract

We summarize and critically evaluate the available data on nuclear fusion cross sections important to energy generation in the Sun and other hydrogen-burning stars and to solar neutrino production. Recommended values and uncertainties are provided for key cross sections, and a recommended spectrum is given for 8B solar neutrinos. We also discuss opportunities for further increasing the precision of key rates, including new facilities, new experimental techniques, and improvements in theory. This review, which summarizes the conclusions of a workshop held at the Institute for Nuclear Theory, Seattle, in January 2009, is intended as a 10-year update and supplement to Reviews of Modern Physics 70 (1998) 1265., 54 pages, 20 figures, version to be published in Reviews of Modern Physics; various typos corrected and several updates made

Published
2010
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