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Blood volume (BV) is an important clinical parameter and is usually reported per kg of body mass (BM). When fat mass is elevated, this underestimates BV/BM. One aim was to study if differences in BV/BM related to sex, age, and fitness would decrease if normalized to lean body mass (LBM). The analysis included 263 women and 319 men (age: 10-93 years, body mass index: 14-41 kg/m 2 ) and 107 athletes who underwent assessment of BV and hemoglobin mass (Hb mass ), body composition, and cardiorespiratory fitness. BV/BM was 25% lower (70.3 ± 11.3 and 80.3 ± 10.8 mL/kg BM ) in women than men, respectively, whereas BV/LBM was 6% higher in women (110.9 ± 12.5 and 105.3 ± 11.2 mL/kg LBM ). Hb mass /BM was 34% lower (8.9 ± 1.4 and 11.5 ± 11.2 g/kg BM ) in women than in men, respectively, but only 6% lower (14.0 ± 1.5 and 14.9 ± 1.5 g/kg LBM )/LBM. Age did not affect BV. Athlete's BV/BM was 17.2% higher than non-athletes, but decreased to only 2.5% when normalized to LBM. Of the variables analyzed, LBM was the strongest predictor for BV (R 2  = .72, p < .001) and Hb mass (R 2  = .81, p < .001). These data may only be valid for BV/Hb mass when assessed by CO re-breathing. Hb mass /LBM could be considered a valuable clinical matrix in medical care aiming to normalize blood homeostasis., (© 2023 The Authors. American Journal of Hematology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Introduction: The carbon monoxide (CO) rebreathing method used for the determination of haemoglobin mass (Hb mass ) is associated with blood sample analysis (in this study: Radiometer ABL800). As an alternative hereto the aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of a portable and non-invasive CO pulse oximeter (Rad-57)., Method: With simultaneous determination of CO in the circulation by ABL800 (%HbCO) and Rad-57 (SpCO), Hb mass and blood volume (BV) were determined in duplicates in 24 volunteers. Percentage of typical errors (%TE) within methods and linear correlations between the two procedures were computed., Results: Hb mass (Rad-57 = 798 ± 230 g; ABL800 = 781 ± 192 g) and BV (Rad-57 = 5700 ± 1373 ml; ABL800 = 5581 ± 1096 ml) were similar between methods. However, the %TE for Hb mass was higher (P<0·001) for Rad-57 (5·84 ± 5·29%) than for ABL800 (1·35 ± 1·13%). Similarly, the %TE for BV was higher (P<0·001) for Rad-57 (6·06 ± 5·76%) than for ABL800 (1·48 ± 1·25%). Lower (P<0·05) correlation coefficients between the methods were found when Hb mass  > 905 g and BV > 6193 ml., Conclusion: Assessment of SpCO by Rad-57 resulted in considerably less precise determinations of Hb mass and BV, especially for high values. Thus, non-invasive assessment of Hb mass and BV cannot be recommended for scientific purposes, but may nonetheless be useful in clinical settings., (© 2017 Scandinavian Society of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

An editorial on the topic haemoglobin mass (Hbmass), red blood cell volume (RBCV) and blood doping is presented. It discusses that blood volume (BV) decline is observed in during spaceflight and artificial microgravity whereas, plasma volume (PV) decline is observed at high altitude. The physical performance is determined by Hbmass and RBCV ad are used as a potential technique for the detection of blood doping. The carbon monoxide (CO) rebreathing method is used for calculating Hbmass.