7 results on '"ostergren, Jan"'
Search Results
2. Patient perception of the effect of treatment with candesartan in heart failure. Results of the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) programme
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O'Meara, Eileen, Lewis, Eldrin, Granger, Chris, Dunlap, Mark E., McKelvie, Robert S., Probstfield, Jeffrey L., Young, James B., Michelson, Eric L., Ostergren, Jan, Carlsson, Jonas, Olofsson, Bertil, McMurray, John, Yusuf, Salim, Swedberg, Karl, and Pfeffer, Marc A.
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ANGIOTENSINS ,HEART failure ,THERAPEUTICS ,HEART diseases ,CARDIAC patients - Abstract
Abstract: Aims: To evaluate the effect of the angiotensin receptor blocker candesartan on patients'' perception of symptoms, using the McMaster Overall treatment evaluation (OTE), in a broad spectrum of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods and results: Patients with symptomatic CHF, randomised in the CHARM Programme in North America (n=2498), were studied. OTE was assessed at baseline, at 6, 14 and 26 months and the patient''s final or closing visit. Patient''s status was classified as “improved (score +1 to +7)”, “unchanged (score 0)” or “deteriorated (score −1 to −7)” at the end of the study compared to baseline. Both a simple “last visit carried forward” (LVCF) analysis and “worst rank carried forward” (WRCF) analysis (where patients who died were allocated the worst OTE score) were used. In the LVCF analysis, compared to placebo, more candesartan patients improved (37.7% versus 33.5%) and fewer worsened (10.8% versus 12.0%) in OTE (p=0.017). The WRCF analysis also showed better overall OTE scores with candesartan compared to placebo (p=0.029). There was no heterogeneity in the response to candesartan between the CHARM component trials or across four exploratory sub-groups (age, sex, NYHA class and beta-blocker). Conclusions: Candesartan was shown to be better than placebo, when using the McMaster OTE to measure patient perception of treatment. More patients treated with candesartan reported improvement and fewer reported deterioration. This benefit was obtained when candesartan was added to extensive background therapy and is consistent with the benefits of candesartan on NYHA class, hospital admission for worsening heart failure and mortality. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2005
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3. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function taking angiotensinconverting- enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Added trial.
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McMurray, John J. V., ostergren, Jan, Swedberg, Karl, Granger, Christopher B., Held, Peter, Michelson, Eric L., Olofsson, Bertil, Yusuf, Salim, and Pfeffer, Marc A.
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ACE inhibitors , *CHEMICAL inhibitors , *HEART failure , *HEART diseases , *THERAPEUTICS , *HOSPITALS , *CORONARY disease , *DRUGS , *PATIENTS , *MEDICAL care - Abstract
Background Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers have favourable effects on haemodynamic measurements, neurohumoral activity, and left-ventricular remodelling when added to angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We aimed to find out whether these drugs improve clinical outcome. Methods Between March, 1999, and November, 1999, we enrolled 2548 patients with New York Heart Association functional class II--IV CHF and left-ventricular ejection fraction 40% or lower, and who were being treated with ACE inhibitors. We randomly assigned patients candesartan (n=1276, target dose 32 mg once daily) or placebo (n=1272). At baseline, 55% of patients were also treated with blockers and 17% with spironolactone. The primary outcome of the study was the composite of cardiovascular death or hospital admission for CHF. Analysis was done by intention to treat. Findings The median follow-up was 41 months. 483 (38%) patients in the candesartan group and 538 (42%) in the placebo group experienced the primary outcome (unadjusted hazard ratio 0.85 [95% CI 0.75--0.96], p=0.011; covariate adjusted p=0.010). Candesartan reduced each of the components of the primary outcome significantly, as well as the total number of hospital admissions for CHF. The benefits of candesartan were similar in all predefined subgroups, including patients receiving baseline blocker treatment. Interpretation The addition of candesartan to ACE inhibitor and other treatment leads to a further clinically important reduction in relevant cardiovascular events in patients with CHF and reduced left-ventricular ejection fraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2003
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4. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction: the CHARMPreserved Trial.
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Yusuf, Salim, Pfeffer, Marc A., Swedberg, Karl, Granger, Christopher B., Held, Peter, McMurray, John J. V., Michelson, Eric L., Olofsson, Bertil, and ostergren, Jan
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HEART failure , *HEART diseases , *THERAPEUTICS , *MORTALITY , *HYPERTENSION , *CLINICAL trials , *MEDICAL research , *PATIENTS , *HOSPITALS - Abstract
Background Half of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) have preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), but few treatments have specifically been assessed in such patients. In previous studies of patients with CHF and low LVEF or vascular disease and preserved LVEF, inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system is beneficial. We investigated the effect of addition of an angiotensin-receptor blocker to current treatments. Methods Between March, 1999, and July, 2000, we randomly assigned 3023 patients candesartan (n=1514, target dose 32 mg once daily) or matching placebo (n=1509). Patients had New York Heart Association functional class II--IV CHF and LVEF higher than 40%. The primary outcome was cardiovascular death or admission to hospital for CHF. Anaysis was done by intention to treat. Findings Median follow-up was 36.6 months. 333 (22%) patients in the candesartan and 366 (24%) in the placebo group experienced the primary outcome (unadjusted hazard ratio 0.89 [95% CI 0.77--1.03], p=0.118; covariate adjusted 0.86 [0.74--1.0], p=0.051). Cardiovascular death did not differ between groups (170 vs 170), but fewer patients in the candesartan group than in the placebo group were admitted to hospital for CHF once (230 vs 279, p=0.017) or multiple times. Composite outcomes that included non-fatal myocardial infarction and non-fatal stroke showed similar results to the primary composite (388 vs 429; unadjusted 0.88 [0.77--1.01], p=0.078; covariate adjusted 0.86 [0.75--0.99], p=0.037). Interpretation Candesartan has a moderate impact in preventing admissions for CHF among patients who have heart failure and LVEF higher than 40%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2003
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5. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function intolerant to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Alternative trial.
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Granger, Christopher B., McMurray, John J. V., Yusuf, Salim, Held, Peter, Michelson, Eric L., Olofsson, Bertil, ostergren, Jan, Pfeffer, Marc A., and Swedberg, Karl
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ACE inhibitors , *HEART failure , *HYPOTENSION , *KIDNEY diseases , *HEART diseases , *ANGIOTENSINS , *PATIENTS , *MEDICINE - Abstract
Background Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors improve outcome of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). A substantial proportion of patients, however, experience no benefit from ACE inhibitors because of previous intolerance. We aimed to find out whether candesartan, an angiotensinreceptor blocker, could improve outcome in such patients not taking an ACE inhibitor. Methods Between March, 1999, and March, 2001, we enrolled 2028 patients with symptomatic heart failure and left-ventricular ejection fraction 40% or less who were not receiving ACE inhibitors because of previous intolerance. Patients were randomly assigned candesartan (target dose 32 mg once daily) or matching placebo. The primary outcome of the study was the composite of cardiovascular death or hospital admission for CHF. Analysis was by intention to treat. Findings The most common manifestation of ACE-inhibitor intolerance was cough (72%), followed by symptomatic hypotension (13%) and renal dysfunction (12%). During a median follow-up of 33.7 months, 334 (33%) of 1013 patients in the candesartan group and 406 (40%) of 1015 in the placebo group had cardiovascular death or hospital admission for CHF (unadjusted hazard ratio 0.77 [95% CI 0.67--0.89], p=0.0004; covariate adjusted 0.70 [0.60--0.81], p<0.0001). Each component of the primary outcome was reduced, as was the total number of hospital admissions for CHF. Study-drug discontinuation rates were similar in the candesartan (30%) and placebo (29%) groups. Interpretation Candesartan was generally well tolerated and reduced cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure and intolerance to ACE inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2003
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6. Effects of candesartan on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure: the CHARM-Overall programme.
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Pfeffer, Marc A., Swedberg, Karl, Granger, Christopher B., Held, Peter, McMurray, John J. V., Michelson, Eric L., Olofsson, Bertil, ostergren, Jan, and Yusuf, Salim
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HEART failure , *HEART diseases , *KIDNEY diseases , *HYPERTENSION , *ACE inhibitors , *ANGIOTENSINS , *PATIENTS , *DRUGS - Abstract
Background Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) are at high risk of cardiovascular death and recurrent hospital admissions. We aimed to find out whether the use of an angiotensin- receptor blocker could reduce mortality and morbidity. Methods In parallel, randomised, double-blind, controlled, clinical trials we compared candesartan with placebo in three distinct populations. We studied patients with left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 40% or less who were not receiving angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors because of previous intolerance or who were currently receiving angiotensinconverting- enzyme inhibitors, and patients with LVEF higher than 40%. Overall, 7601 patients (7599 with data) were randomly assigned candesartan (n=3803, titrated to 32 mg once daily) or matching placebo (n=3796), and followed up for at least 2 years. The primary outcome of the overall programme was all-cause mortality, and for all the component trials was cardiovascular death or hospital admission for CHF. Analysis was by intention to treat. Findings Median follow-up was 37.7 months. 886 (23%) patients in the candesartan and 945 (25%) in the placebo group died (unadjusted hazard ratio 0.91 [95% CI 0.83--1.00], p=0.055; covariate adjusted 0.90 [0.82--0.99], p=0.032), with fewer cardiovascular deaths (691 [18%] vs 769 [20%], unadjusted 0.88 [0.79--0.97], p=0.012; covariate adjusted 0.87 [0.78--0.96], p=0.006) and hospital admissions for CHF (757 [20%] vs 918 [24%], p<0.0001) in the candesartan group. There was no significant heterogeneity for candesartan results across the component trials. More patients discontinued candesartan than placebo because of concerns about renal function, hypotension, and hyperkalaemia. Interpretation Candesartan was generally well tolerated and significantly reduced cardiovascular deaths and hospital admissions for heart failure. Ejection fraction or treatment at baseline did not alter these effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2003
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7. 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
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Giuseppe, Mancia, Robert, Fagard, Krzysztof, Narkiewicz, Josep, Redon, Alberto, Zanchetti, Michael, Böhm, Thierry, Christiaens, Renata, Cifkova, Guy, De Backer, Anna, Dominiczak, Maurizio, Galderisi, Diederick E, Grobbee, Tiny, Jaarsma, Paulus, Kirchhof, Sverre E, Kjeldsen, Stéphane, Laurent, Athanasios J, Manolis, Peter M, Nilsson, Luis Miguel, Ruilope, Roland E, Schmieder, Per Anton, Sirnes, Peter, Sleight, Margus, Viigimaa, Bernard, Waeber, Faiez, Zannad, Michel, Burnier, Ettore, Ambrosioni, Mark, Caufield, Antonio, Coca, Michael Hecht, Olsen, Costas, Tsioufis, Philippe, van de Borne, Jose Luis, Zamorano, Stephan, Achenbach, Helmut, Baumgartner, Jeroen J, Bax, Héctor, Bueno, Veronica, Dean, Christi, Deaton, Cetin, Erol, Roberto, Ferrari, David, Hasdai, Arno W, Hoes, Juhani, Knuuti, Philippe, Kolh, Patrizio, Lancellotti, Ales, Linhart, Petros, Nihoyannopoulos, Massimo F, Piepoli, Piotr, Ponikowski, Juan Luis, Tamargo, Michal, Tendera, Adam, Torbicki, William, Wijns, Stephan, Windecker, Denis L, Clement, Thierry C, Gillebert, Enrico Agabiti, Rosei, Stefan D, Anker, Johann, Bauersachs, Jana Brguljan, Hitij, Mark, Caulfield, Marc, De Buyzere, Sabina, De Geest, Geneviève Anne, Derumeaux, Serap, Erdine, Csaba, Farsang, Christian, Funck-Brentano, Vjekoslav, Gerc, Giuseppe, Germano, Stephan, Gielen, Herman, Haller, Jens, Jordan, Thomas, Kahan, Michel, Komajda, Dragan, Lovic, Heiko, Mahrholdt, Jan, Ostergren, Gianfranco, Parati, Joep, Perk, Jorge, Polonia, Bogdan A, Popescu, Zeljko, Reiner, Lars, Rydén, Yuriy, Sirenko, Alice, Stanton, Harry, Struijker-Boudier, Charalambos, Vlachopoulos, Massimo, Volpe, David A, Wood, Mancia, G, Fagard, R, Narkiewicz, K, Redon, J, Zanchetti, A, Böhm, M, Christiaens, T, Cifkova, R, De Backer, G, Dominiczak, A, Galderisi, M, Grobbee, D, Jaarsma, T, Kirchhof, P, Kjeldsen, S, Laurent, S, Manolis, A, Nilsson, P, Ruilope, L, Schmieder, R, Sirnes, P, Sleight, P, Viigimaa, M, Waeber, B, Zannad, F, Burnier, M, Ambrosioni, E, Caufield, M, Coca, A, Olsen, M, Tsioufis, C, Van De Borne, P, Zamorano, J, Achenbach, S, Baumgartner, H, Bax, J, Bueno, H, Dean, V, Deaton, C, Erol, C, Ferrari, R, Hasdai, D, Hoes, A, Knuuti, J, Kolh, P, Lancellotti, P, Linhart, A, Nihoyannopoulos, P, Piepoli, M, Ponikowski, P, Tamargo, J, Tendera, M, Torbicki, A, Wijns, W, Windecker, S, Clement, D, Gillebert, T, Rosei, E, Anker, S, Bauersachs, J, Hitij, J, Caulfield, M, De Buyzere, M, De Geest, S, Derumeaux, G, Erdine, S, Farsang, C, Funck Brentano, C, Gerc, V, Germano, G, Gielen, S, Haller, H, Jordan, J, Kahan, T, Komajda, M, Lovic, D, Mahrholdt, H, Ostergren, J, Parati, G, Perk, J, Polonia, J, Popescu, B, Reiner, Ž, Rydén, L, Sirenko, Y, Stanton, A, Struijker Boudier, H, Vlachopoulos, C, Volpe, M, Wood, D, Mancia, Giuseppe, Fagard, Robert, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Redon, Josep, Zanchetti, Alberto, Böhm, Michael, Christiaens, Thierry, Cifkova, Renata, De Backer, Guy, Dominiczak, Anna, Galderisi, Maurizio, Grobbee, Diederick E., Jaarsma, Tiny, Kirchhof, Paulu, Kjeldsen, Sverre E., Laurent, Stéphane, Manolis, Athanasios J., Nilsson, Peter M., Ruilope, Luis Miguel, Schmieder, Roland E., Sirnes, Per Anton, Sleight, Peter, Viigimaa, Margu, Waeber, Bernard, Zannad, Faiez, Burnier, Michel, Ambrosioni, Ettore, Caufield, Mark, Coca, Antonio, Olsen, Michael Hecht, Tsioufis, Costa, Van De Borne, Philippe, Zamorano, Jose Lui, Achenbach, Stephan, Baumgartner, Helmut, Bax, Jeroen J., Bueno, Héctor, Dean, Veronica, Deaton, Christi, Erol, Cetin, Ferrari, Roberto, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W., Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Linhart, Ale, Nihoyannopoulos, Petro, Piepoli, Massimo F., Ponikowski, Piotr, Tamargo, Juan Lui, Tendera, Michal, Torbicki, Adam, Wijns, William, Windecker, Stephan, Clement, Denis L., Gillebert, Thierry C., Rosei, Enrico Agabiti, Anker, Stefan D., Bauersachs, Johann, Hitij, Jana Brguljan, Caulfield, Mark, De Buyzere, Marc, De Geest, Sabina, Derumeaux, Geneviève Anne, Erdine, Serap, Farsang, Csaba, Funck Brentano, Christian, Gerc, Vjekoslav, Germano, Giuseppe, Gielen, Stephan, Haller, Herman, Jordan, Jen, Kahan, Thoma, Komajda, Michel, Lovic, Dragan, Mahrholdt, Heiko, Ostergren, Jan, Parati, Gianfranco, Perk, Joep, Polonia, Jorge, Popescu, Bogdan A., Reiner, Željko, Rydén, Lar, Sirenko, Yuriy, Stanton, Alice, Struijker Boudier, Harry, Vlachopoulos, Charalambo, Volpe, Massimo, and Wood, David A.
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Male ,Systolic hypertension ,Medical Informatic ,Blood Pressure ,Guideline ,Retinal Disease ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Electrocardiography ,Pregnancy ,Risk Factors ,Antihypertensive treatment ,Cardiovascular Disease ,Diabetes Complication ,Drug Interactions ,Metabolic Syndrome ,Brain Diseases ,Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ,Follow-up ,Metabolic Syndrome X ,Brain Disease ,Organ damage ,Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ,Middle Aged ,Device therapy ,Antihypertensive Agent ,Heart Disease ,Drug Interaction ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Echocardiography ,Cerebrovascular Disorder ,Hypertension ,Cardiology ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Human ,medicine.drug ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Ambulatory blood pressure ,Heart Diseases ,Hormone Replacement Therapy ,610 Medicine & health ,Risk Assessment ,Perioperative Care ,Diabetes Complications ,Young Adult ,Retinal Diseases ,Internal medicine ,Weight Loss ,medicine ,Humans ,Blood pressure measurement ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Exercise ,Physical Examination ,Perindopril/indapamide ,Antihypertensive Agents ,Aged ,Patient Care Team ,business.industry ,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor ,Risk Factor ,Cardiovascular complication ,Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ,Aliskiren ,Cardiovascular risk ,Lifestyle ,medicine.disease ,Weight Lo ,Diet ,Candesartan ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological ,Blood pressure ,chemistry ,Heart failure ,Hyperglycemia ,Smoking Cessation ,Telmisartan ,business ,Delivery of Health Care ,Risk Reduction Behavior ,Medical Informatics ,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ,Contraceptives, Oral - Abstract
ABCD : Appropriate Blood pressure Control in Diabetes ABI : ankle–brachial index ABPM : ambulatory blood pressure monitoring ACCESS : Acute Candesartan Cilexetil Therapy in Stroke Survival ACCOMPLISH : Avoiding Cardiovascular Events in Combination Therapy in Patients Living with Systolic Hypertension ACCORD : Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes ACE : angiotensin-converting enzyme ACTIVE I : Atrial Fibrillation Clopidogrel Trial with Irbesartan for Prevention of Vascular Events ADVANCE : Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron-MR Controlled Evaluation AHEAD : Action for HEAlth in Diabetes ALLHAT : Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart ATtack ALTITUDE : ALiskiren Trial In Type 2 Diabetes Using Cardio-renal Endpoints ANTIPAF : ANgioTensin II Antagonist In Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation APOLLO : A Randomized Controlled Trial of Aliskiren in the Prevention of Major Cardiovascular Events in Elderly People ARB : angiotensin receptor blocker ARIC : Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ARR : aldosterone renin ratio ASCOT : Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial ASCOT-LLA : Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial—Lipid Lowering Arm ASTRAL : Angioplasty and STenting for Renal Artery Lesions A-V : atrioventricular BB : beta-blocker BMI : body mass index BP : blood pressure BSA : body surface area CA : calcium antagonist CABG : coronary artery bypass graft CAPPP : CAPtopril Prevention Project CAPRAF : CAndesartan in the Prevention of Relapsing Atrial Fibrillation CHD : coronary heart disease CHHIPS : Controlling Hypertension and Hypertension Immediately Post-Stroke CKD : chronic kidney disease CKD-EPI : Chronic Kidney Disease—EPIdemiology collaboration CONVINCE : Controlled ONset Verapamil INvestigation of CV Endpoints CT : computed tomography CV : cardiovascular CVD : cardiovascular disease D : diuretic DASH : Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension DBP : diastolic blood pressure DCCT : Diabetes Control and Complications Study DIRECT : DIabetic REtinopathy Candesartan Trials DM : diabetes mellitus DPP-4 : dipeptidyl peptidase 4 EAS : European Atherosclerosis Society EASD : European Association for the Study of Diabetes ECG : electrocardiogram EF : ejection fraction eGFR : estimated glomerular filtration rate ELSA : European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis ESC : European Society of Cardiology ESH : European Society of Hypertension ESRD : end-stage renal disease EXPLOR : Amlodipine–Valsartan Combination Decreases Central Systolic Blood Pressure more Effectively than the Amlodipine–Atenolol Combination FDA : U.S. Food and Drug Administration FEVER : Felodipine EVent Reduction study GISSI-AF : Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico-Atrial Fibrillation HbA1c : glycated haemoglobin HBPM : home blood pressure monitoring HOPE : Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation HOT : Hypertension Optimal Treatment HRT : hormone replacement therapy HT : hypertension HYVET : HYpertension in the Very Elderly Trial IMT : intima-media thickness I-PRESERVE : Irbesartan in Heart Failure with Preserved Systolic Function INTERHEART : Effect of Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors associated with Myocardial Infarction in 52 Countries INVEST : INternational VErapamil SR/T Trandolapril ISH : Isolated systolic hypertension JNC : Joint National Committee JUPITER : Justification for the Use of Statins in Primary Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin LAVi : left atrial volume index LIFE : Losartan Intervention For Endpoint Reduction in Hypertensives LV : left ventricle/left ventricular LVH : left ventricular hypertrophy LVM : left ventricular mass MDRD : Modification of Diet in Renal Disease MRFIT : Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial MRI : magnetic resonance imaging NORDIL : The Nordic Diltiazem Intervention study OC : oral contraceptive OD : organ damage ONTARGET : ONgoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial PAD : peripheral artery disease PATHS : Prevention And Treatment of Hypertension Study PCI : percutaneous coronary intervention PPAR : peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor PREVEND : Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENdstage Disease PROFESS : Prevention Regimen for Effectively Avoiding Secondary Strokes PROGRESS : Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study PWV : pulse wave velocity QALY : Quality adjusted life years RAA : renin-angiotensin-aldosterone RAS : renin-angiotensin system RCT : randomized controlled trials RF : risk factor ROADMAP : Randomized Olmesartan And Diabetes MicroAlbuminuria Prevention SBP : systolic blood pressure SCAST : Angiotensin-Receptor Blocker Candesartan for Treatment of Acute STroke SCOPE : Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly SCORE : Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation SHEP : Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program STOP : Swedish Trials in Old Patients with Hypertension STOP-2 : The second Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension SYSTCHINA : SYSTolic Hypertension in the Elderly: Chinese trial SYSTEUR : SYSTolic Hypertension in Europe TIA : transient ischaemic attack TOHP : Trials Of Hypertension Prevention TRANSCEND : Telmisartan Randomised AssessmeNt Study in ACE iNtolerant subjects with cardiovascular Disease UKPDS : United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study VADT : Veterans' Affairs Diabetes Trial VALUE : Valsartan Antihypertensive Long-term Use Evaluation WHO : World Health Organization ### 1.1 Principles The 2013 guidelines on hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and the European Society of Cardiology …
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- 2013
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