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Tryptophanis anaminoacidwhichhasmanyfunctionsinthebody. Besidesitsparticipationin theproductionofproteins,itactsasasubstrateforthekynurenineandmethoxyindolemetabolic pathways. The kynurenine pathway ends with the production of nikotinamid e adenin dinukleotide ( NAD + ) ,whichisneededfortheproductionofcellularenergy. Thus,withincreased energy demand during immune system activation, the activity of the kynurenine pathway is increased. Dueto increasedactivity,itproduces more immunoactiveandneuroactivemetab olites suchaskynurenicacidandquinolinicacid.Thesemetabolitesareinvolvedinmanyprocessesin the body and affect the pathology of many diseases. Studies show that regulation of these metabolites could be a key innovation in the treatment of cance r, cardiovascular or neurodegenerative diseases. The methoxyindole pathway is another important tryptophan processingpathway.Itsbest - knownmetabolitesareserotonin,whichactsasaneurotransmitter, andmelatonin,ahormonewithimmunomodulatoryeffect sregulatedby thecircadianclock . This workdeals with thecircadian rhythmicityofenzymeexpressionofthesetwo metabolic pathways.Italsodescribestheeffectofsystemicadministrationoflipopolysaccharideendotoxin ontheexpressionofgenesoft heseenzymes.OurexperimentsusedWistarratsat30daysofage. The lipopolysaccharide was administered...

Acclimation to cold or hardening is known for many decades through its beneficial effects on human health. In contrast, sudden exposure to cold, cold shock, is a great risk of cerebral and cardiac injury, especially in the elderly. There is very little published data on the cellular and molecular mechanisms induced by cold adaptation in heart and brain. The aim of this work was to describe and compare different properties heart, liver, brain and brown adipose tissue mitochondria of rats housed at 25 ± 1 řC and at mild cold (9 ± 1 řC, 5 weeks). The high-resolution oxygraphy, spectrophotometry and Western blotting analyses were used. We found differences in the respiratory control between the heart and liver. Cold acclimation decreased activity of the Krebs cycle enzymes. Fatty acid contribution to the respiration reached the maximum in brown fat and the minimum in the hippocampus. However, further study is necessary.