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Prerequisites For many representatives of the pedagogical science the study of historical and pedagogical sources, as well as issues of formation, strengthening and preservation of the child’s health became the object of scientific analysis long ago. Scientists of the past tried to substantiate the theoretical and methodological features of the child’s health protection in a combination with mental development and physical education, emphasized the importance of teaching the child in accordance with his/her age, mental and physical abilities. In these circumstances, the problem of qualitative training of future teachers who are ready for education and the formation of a healthy lifestyle which will ensure the harmonious development of each child’s personality, as well as outline the main approaches to the implementation of health-saving technologies in education, is becoming of special urgency. The article deals with the genesis of historical approaches and also analyses the main tendencies in the development of scientific views on health-saving activities, the identification and substantiation of the main stages in the development of theoretical concepts of preserving human health, the attitude of society towards the problems of health protection, which reflect the dynamic manifestation of universal values and needs. Methods Regarding the genesis of historical approaches, as well as analysis of the main tendencies in the development of scientific views on the health protection, a set of methods was used: theoretical methods: a comparative analysis of psychological, pedagogical, philosophical and health-saving literature to generalize scientific facts regarding the development of health-saving activities in society; retrospective analysis, scientific reflection to form a holistic view of the phenomenon of health protection; empirical methods: diagnostic (sociological observations). Results Results consist in the analysis of the main tendencies in the development of scientific views on the health protection and health-saving activities, the identification and substantiation of the main stages of the formation of theoretical concepts of human health protection in general, and child’s in particular, the attitude of society to the problems of health protection that reflect the dynamic manifestation of universal values and needs. Conclusions The main tendencies in the development of scientific views on the health protection and health-saving activity have been studied and analysed, the main stages in the development formation of theoretical concepts of health protection have been identified and substantiated. This article does not exhaust all aspects of the problem under consideration and actualizes the need for increased attention to further fundamental research, theoretical developments and practices of historical heritage, the implementation of the most advanced health-saving technologies in education.