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The increase in the incidence and prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) constitutes one of the main challenges for health systems. The laboratory contributes to the surveillance of NCDs through the analysis of serum biomarkers. Objective: To establish the association between NCDs and the variability of laboratory tests. Method: Quantitative, observational, correlational, retrospective study, reviewing secondary data corresponding to 198 male and female users aged 25 to 64 with NCDs who underwent laboratory tests in public health establishments in 3 Ecuadorian cities during 2021. The instrument It was a data collection sheet with the variables of interest. Statistical analysis included frequency distribution, measures of central tendency, measures of dispersion, and nonparametric tests (Cramer's V and Chi-square). Results: The sample has an average age of 52 ±9.9 years, 69.2% women, 83.8% from rural areas and 51% housewives. Diabetes and hypertension prevail in 91% of the participants. Elevated serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine showed a significant association (p<0.05) in people with NCDs. Elevated glucose, hemoglobin, hematocrit, LDL-C, and creatinine values were significantly (p<0.05) associated with the city of Biblián. Conclusions: The variability of laboratory tests inform about the health condition and evolution of a person with NCDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]