43 results on '"Taylor, Melanie"'
Search Results
2. Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis and hepatitis B in sub-Saharan Africa/Elimination de la transmission mere-enfant du virus de l'immunodeficience humaine, de la syphilis et de l'hepatite B en Afrique subsaharienne/Eliminacion de la transmision maternoinfantil del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, la sifilis y la hepatitis B en el Africa subsahariana
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Cohn, Jennifer, Owiredu, Morkor N., Taylor, Melanie M., Easterbrook, Philippa, Lesi, Olufunmilayo, Francoise, Bigirimana, Broyles, Laura N., Mushavi, Angela, Van Holten, Judith, Ngugi, Catherine, Cui, Fuqiang, Zachary, Dalila, Hailu, Sirak, Tsiouris, Fatima, Andersson, Monique, Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy, Jallow, Wame, Essajee, Shaffiq, Ross, Anna L., Bailey, Rebecca, Shah, Jesal, and Doherty, Meg M.
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HIV (Viruses) -- Analysis ,Syphilis -- Analysis ,Infants -- Analysis ,National health insurance -- Analysis ,Disease transmission -- Analysis ,Hepatitis B -- Analysis ,Epidemiology -- Analysis ,HIV infection -- Analysis ,Health - Abstract
Triple elimination is an initiative supporting the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of three diseases--human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, syphilis and hepatitis B. Significant progress towards triple elimination has been made in some regions, but progress has been slow in sub-Saharan Africa, the region with the highest burden of these diseases. The shared features of the three diseases, including their epidemiology, disease interactions and core interventions for tackling them, enable an integrated healthsystems approach for elimination of mother-to-child transmission. Current barriers to triple elimination in sub-Saharan Africa include a lack of policies, strategies and resources to support the uptake of well established preventive and treatment interventions. While much can be achieved with existing tools, the development of new products and models of care, as well as a prioritized research agenda, are needed to accelerate progress on triple elimination in sub-Saharan Africa. In this paper we aim to show that health systems working together with communities in sub-Saharan Africa could deliver rapid and sustainable results towards the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of all three diseases. However, stronger political support, expansion of evidence-based interventions and better use of funding streams are needed to improve efficiency and build on the successes in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Triple elimination is a strategic opportunity to reduce the morbidity and mortality from HIV infection, syphilis and hepatitis B for mothers and their infants within the context of universal health coverage. La triple elimination est une initiative visant a soutenir l'eradication de la transmission mere-enfant de trois maladies - l'infection au virus de l'immunodeficience humaine (VIH), la syphilis et l'hepatite B. Bien que des avancees considerables aient ete observees en ce sens dans certaines regions, les progres demeurent lents en Afrique subsaharienne, pourtant durement touchee par ces maladies. Les caracteristiques communes aux trois affections, notamment leur epidemiologie, les interactions entre elles et les principales interventions necessaires a leur prise en charge permettent aux systemes de sante d'adopter une approche integree pour eviter la transmission mere-enfant. Plusieurs obstacles entravent actuellement la triple elimination en Afrique subsaharienne, parmi lesquels l'absence de politiques, de strategies et de ressources pour garantir la disponibilite de traitements preventifs et curatifs bien etablis. Les outils existants offrent deja de nombreuses solutions; mais pour accelerer la progression de cette triple elimination en Afrique subsaharienne, il est indispensable de developper de nouveaux produits et modeles de soins, ainsi qu'un programme de recherche prioritaire. Dans le present document, nous voulons montrer que si les systemes de sante collaborent avec les communautes en Afrique subsaharienne, ils pourront obtenir des resultats rapides et durables en vue d'eradiquer la transmission mere-enfant des trois maladies susmentionnees. Neanmoins, une telle demarche implique un soutien politique massif, l'expansion des interventions fondees sur des donnees scientifiques, et une meilleure utilisation des sources de financement afin d'ameliorer l'efficacite et de s'appuyer sur les reussites en matiere de prevention de la transmission du VIH de la mere a l'enfant. La triple elimination represente une occasion strategique de reduire la morbidite et la mortalite liees a l'infection au VIH, a la syphilis et a l'hepatite B, tant chez les meres que chez les nourrissons, dans un contexte de couverture maladie universelle. La triple eliminacion es una iniciativa que apoya la eliminacion de la transmision maternoinfantil de tres enfermedades: la infeccion por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), la sifilis y la hepatitis B. En algunas regiones se han logrado avances significativos hacia la triple eliminacion, pero los progresos se han desarrollado con mayor lentitud en el Africa subsahariana, la region con la mayor carga de estas enfermedades. Las caracteristicas comunes de las tres enfermedades, como su epidemiologia, las interacciones entre ellas y las intervenciones basicas para combatirlas, permiten un enfoque integrado de los sistemas de salud para la eliminacion de la transmision maternoinfantil. Los obstaculos actuales para la triple eliminacion en el Africa subsahariana incluyen la falta de politicas, estrategias y recursos para apoyar la adopcion de intervenciones preventivas y de tratamiento bien establecidas. Aunque se puede lograr mucho con las herramientas existentes, se necesita el desarrollo de nuevos productos y modelos de atencion, asi como una agenda de investigacion prioritaria, para acelerar el progreso de la triple eliminacion en el Africa subsahariana. En este documento pretendemos demostrar que los sistemas de salud que trabajan conjuntamente con las comunidades del Africa subsahariana podrian obtener resultados rapidos y sostenibles hacia la eliminacion de la transmision maternoinfantil de las tres enfermedades. Sin embargo, se necesita un mayor apoyo politico, la ampliacion de las intervenciones basadas en la evidencia y un mejor uso de los flujos de financiacion para mejorar la eficiencia y aprovechar los exitos en la prevencion de la transmision maternoinfantil del VIH. La triple eliminacion es una oportunidad estrategica para reducir la morbilidad y la mortalidad de la infeccion por el VIH, la sifilis y la hepatitis B para las madres y sus hijos en el contexto de la cobertura sanitaria universal., Triple elimination Triple elimination is the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of three infections prevalent in low- and middle-income countries--human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis and hepatitis B virus. The African Region [...]
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- 2021
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3. Possible Exposures Among Mpox Patients Without Reported Male-to-Male Sexual Contact--Six U.S. Jurisdictions, November 1-December 14, 2022
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Sharpe, J. Danielle, Charniga, Kelly, Byrd, Katrina M., Stefanos, Ruth, Lewis, Linda, Watson, Jessica, Feldpausch, Amanda, Pavlick, Jessica, Hand, Julie, Sokol, Theresa, Ortega, Emma, Pathela, Preeti, Hennessy, Robin R., Dulcey, Melissa, McHugh, Lisa, Pietrowski, Michael, Perella, Dana, Shah, Seema, Maroufi, Azarnoush, Taylor, Melanie, Cope, Anna, Belay, Ermias D., Ellington, Sascha, McCollum, Andrea M., Pao, Leah Zilversmit, Guagliardo, Sarah Anne J., and Dawson, Patrick
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Jurisdiction ,Skin ,Health - Abstract
Introduction During infectious disease outbreaks, there are often cases for which a source of infection cannot be identified. The 2022 mpox outbreak disproportionately affected adult gay, bisexual, and other men [...]
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- 2023
4. Improving quality in a fracture service
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Budge, Claire, Taylor, Melanie, and Eyres, Paula
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Reengineering (Management) -- Methods ,Health services administration -- Methods ,Fractures -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment -- Patient outcomes ,Medical care -- Quality management ,Reengineering ,Company business management ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
Quality improvement (QI) should be an integral part of health service delivery. As best practice principles evolve and system changes are demanded, services need to be evaluated and assessed to [...]
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- 2021
5. Effectiveness and Tolerability of Oral Amoxicillin in Pregnant Women with Active Syphilis, Japan, 2010-2018
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Nishijima, Takeshi, Kawana, Kei, Fukasawa, Ichio, Ishikawa, Naoko, Taylor, Melanie M., Mikamo, Hiroshige, Kato, Kiyoko, Kitawaki, Jo, and Fujii, Tomoyuki
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United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ,Penicillins -- Research ,Tetracyclines -- Research ,Pregnancy -- Research ,Pregnant women -- Care and treatment ,Syphilis -- Research -- Care and treatment ,Health - Abstract
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that can be passed from mother to infant during pregnancy and childbirth. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of syphilis results in congenital syphilis (CS), which can [...]
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- 2020
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6. Mpox Cases Among Cisgender Women and Pregnant Persons--United States, May 11-November 7, 2022
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Oakley, Lisa P., Hufstetler, Kaitlin, O'Shea, Jesse, Sharpe, J. Danielle, McArdle, Cristin, Neelam, Varsha, Roth, Nicole M., Olsen, Emily O., Wolf, Maren, Pao, Leah Zilversmit, Gold, Jeremy A.W., Davis, K. Meryl, Perella, Dana, Epstein, Shara, Lash, Maura K., Samson, Olivia, Pavlick, Jessica, Feldpausch, Amanda, Wallace, Jennifer, Nambiar, Atmaram, Ngo, Van, Halai, Umme-Aiman, Richardson, Claudia W., Fowler, Traci, Taylor, Burnestine P., Chou, Joyce, Brandon, Lindsey, Devasia, Rose, Ricketts, Erin K., Stockdale, Catherine, Roskosky, Mellisa, Ostadkar, Rachel, Vang, Yeng, Galang, Romeo R., Perkins, Kiran, Taylor, Melanie, Choi, Mary Joung, Weidle, Paul J., Dawson, Patrick, and Ellington, Sascha
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Pregnant women ,Health - Abstract
Monkeypox (mpox) cases in the 2022 outbreak have primarily occurred among adult gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM); however, other populations have also been affected [...]
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- 2023
7. Talking about health: Experiences with the general practice team and support for self-management: The fifth and final of a series of professional education articles based on the Talking about Health study looks at the relationships between people with long-term conditions and general practice nurses and doctors
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Budge, Claire and Taylor, Melanie
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Medical care -- Quality management ,Physicians (General practice) -- Surveys ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
This article focuses on the Talking about Health: Long Term Conditions study (1) participants' experiences of general practice consultations. The aims are to explore: * Which doctors and nurses in [...]
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- 2020
8. Type 2 diabetes knowledge and self-management: In the fourth of a series of professional education articles based on the results of the Talking about Health study, the authors look at how people with type 2 diabetes are self-managing their condition at home
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Budge, Claire and Taylor, Melanie
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Self care (Health) -- Methods ,Type 2 diabetes -- Development and progression -- Care and treatment ,Health behavior -- Evaluation ,Quality of life -- Health aspects ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
In this article, we use the 2016 (year 1) data from Talking about Health, a longitudinal study of people with long-term conditions (LTC) in the Mid-Central region. (1) We aim [...]
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- 2020
9. Self-management of long-term conditions: Reasons given for positive and negative changes
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Taylor, Melanie and Budge, Claire
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Self care (Health) -- Surveys ,Chronic diseases -- Surveys ,Quality of life -- Surveys ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
Introduction Each year we asked the Talking about Health participants (1) about lifestyle/ behaviour changes they had made to improve their health and wellbeing. Specifically, we asked whether the way [...]
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- 2020
10. Experiences and self-management of chronic pain
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Budge, Claire and Taylor, Melanie
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Self care (Health) -- Methods -- Study and teaching ,Continuing medical education -- Methods -- Study and teaching ,Pain management -- Study and teaching ,Chronic pain ,Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) ,Education ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
In the second of a series of professional education articles based on the results of the Talking about Health study, the authors look at chronic pain, how it can be [...]
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- 2020
11. Talking about Health: Study overview and self-care challenges experienced by people with long-term conditions
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Taylor, Melanie and Budge, Claire
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Chronically ill -- Research -- Reports ,Self care (Health) -- Research -- Reports ,Health boards -- Reports ,Medical research ,Soups ,Professional development ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
MidCentral District Health Board, in partnership with THINK Hauora, recently completed a three-year longitudinal study of people with long-term conditions (LTCs) known as Talking about Health. This article--the first in [...]
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- 2020
12. Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and syphilis: global prevalence and incidence estimates, 2016/Chlamydiose, gonorrhee, trichomonase et syphilis: estimations de la prevalence et de l'incidence mondiales, 2016/Clamidia, gonorrea, tricomoniasis y sifilis: estimaciones de prevalencia e incidencia mundiales, 2016
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Rowley, Jane, Hoorn, Stephen Vander, Korenromp, Eline, Low, Nicola, Unemo, Magnus, Abu-Raddad, Laith J., Chico, R.Matthew, Smolak, Alex, Newman, Lori, Gottlieb, Sami, Thwin, Soe Soe, Brouteta, Nathalie, and Taylor, Melanie M.
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Biphenyl (Compound) -- Usage -- Analysis -- Health aspects ,Disease transmission -- Analysis -- Health aspects ,Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) -- Analysis -- Health aspects ,Trichomoniasis -- Analysis -- Health aspects ,Chlamydia -- Analysis -- Health aspects ,Medical research -- Analysis -- Health aspects ,Infection -- Analysis -- Health aspects ,World health -- Analysis -- Health aspects ,Chlamydia infections -- Analysis -- Health aspects ,Syphilis -- Analysis -- Health aspects ,Health ,World Health Organization - Abstract
Objective To generate estimates of the global prevalence and incidence of urogenital infection with chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and syphilis in women and men, aged 15-49 years, in 2016. Methods For chlamydia, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis, we systematically searched for studies conducted between 2009 and 2016 reporting prevalence. We also consulted regional experts. To generate estimates, we used Bayesian meta-analysis. For syphilis, we aggregated the national estimates generated by using Spectrum-STI. Findings For chlamydia, gonorrhoea and/or trichomoniasis, 130 studies were eligible. For syphilis, the Spectrum-STI database contained 978 data points for the same period. The 2016 global prevalence estimates in women were: chlamydia 3.8% (95% uncertainty interval, UI: 3.3-4.5); gonorrhoea 0.9% (95% UI: 0.7-1.1); trichomoniasis 5.3% (95% UI:4.0-7.2); and syphilis 0.5% (95% UI: 0.4-0.6). In men prevalence estimates were: chlamydia 2.7% (95% UI: 1.9-3.7); gonorrhoea 0.7% (95% UI: 0.5-1.1); trichomoniasis 0.6% (95% UI: 0.4- 0.9); and syphilis 0.5% (95% UI: 0.4-0.6). Total estimated incident cases were 376.4 million: 127.2 million (95% UI: 95.1-165.9 million) chlamydia cases; 86.9 million (95% UI: 58.6-123.4 million) gonorrhoea cases; 156.0 million (95% UI: 103.4-231.2 million) trichomoniasis cases; and 6.3 million (95% UI: 5.5-7.1 million) syphilis cases. Conclusion Global estimates of prevalence and incidence of these four curable sexually transmitted infections remain high. The study highlights the need to expand data collection efforts at country level and provides an initial baseline for monitoring progress of the World Health Organization global health sector strategy on sexually transmitted infections 2016-2021. Objectif Produire des estimations de la prevalence et de l'incidence mondiales des infections urogenitales dues a la chlamydiose, a la gonorrhee, a la trichomonase et a la syphilis chez les femmes et les hommes de 15 a 49 ans, en 2016. Methodes Pour la chlamydiose, la gonorrhee et la trichomonase, nous avons systematiquement recherche les etudes menees entre 2009 et 2016 qui s'interessaient a la prevalence. Nous avons egalement consulte des experts regionaux. Pour produire des estimations, nous avons eu recours a une meta-analyse bayesienne. Pour la syphilis, nous avons regroupe les estimations nationales obtenues a l'aide de Spectrum-STI. Resultats Pour la chlamydiose, la gonorrhee et/ou la trichomonase, 130 etudes etaient eligibles. Pour la syphilis, la base de donnees de Spectrum-STI contenait 978 points de donnees pour la periode consideree. Les estimations de la prevalence mondiale en 2016 chez les femmes etaient les suivantes: chlamydiose 3,8% (intervalle d'incertitude de 95%, II: 3,3-4,5); gonorrhee 0,9% (II 95%: 0,7-1,1); trichomonase 5,3% (II 95%: 4,0-7,2); et syphilis 0,5% (II 95%: 0,4-0,6). Chez les hommes, les estimations de la prevalence etaient les suivantes: chlamydiose 2,7% (II 95%: 1,9-3,7); gonorrhee 0,7% (II 95%: 0,5-1,1); trichomonase 0,6% (II 95%: 0,4-0,9); et syphilis 0,5% (II 95%: 0,4-0,6). Lincidence totale estimee etait de 376,4 millions de cas: 127,2 millions (II 95%: 95,1-165,9 millions) de cas de chlamydiose; 86,9 millions (II 95%: 58,6-123,4 millions) de cas de gonorrhee; 156,0 millions (II 95%: 103,4-231,2 millions) de cas de trichomonase; et 6,3 millions (II 95%: 5,5-7,1 millions) de cas de syphilis. Conclusion Les estimations mondiales de la prevalence et de l'incidence de ces quatre infections sexuellement transmissibles guerissables restent elevees. Cette etude souligne la necessite d'amplifier les efforts de collecte de donnees au niveau des pays et offre un point de reference pour suivre la progression de la Strategie mondiale du secteur de la sante contre les 1ST2016-2021 de l'Organisation mondiale de la Sante. Objetivo Generar estimaciones de la prevalencia y la incidencia mundiales de la infeccion urogenital por clamidia, gonorrea, tricomoniasis y sifilis en mujeres y hombres de 15 a 49 anos de edad en 2016. Metodos Para la clamidia, la gonorrea y la tricomoniasis, se realizaron busquedas sistematicas de estudios realizados entre 2009 y 2016 que registrasen la prevalencia. Tambien se consulto a expertos regionales. Para generar estimaciones, se utilizo el metanalisis bayesiano. Para la sifilis, se anadieron las estimaciones nacionales generadas por el uso de Spectrum-STI. Resultados Para la clamidia, la gonorrea y/o la tricomoniasis, hubo 130 estudios que cumplian los criterios. Para la sifilis, la base de datos Spectrum-STI contenia 978 puntos de datos para el mismo periodo. Las estimaciones de prevalencia mundial en mujeres en 2016 fueron: clamidia 3,8 % (intervalo de incertidumbre, II, del 95 %: 3,3-4,5); gonorrea 0,9 % (II del 95 %: 0,7-1,1); tricomoniasis 5,3 % (II del 95 %: 4,0-7,2); y sifilis 0,5 % (II del 95 %: 0,4-0,6). Las estimaciones de prevalencia en hombres fueron: clamidia 2,7 % (intervalo de incertidumbre, II, del 95 %: 1,9-3,7); gonorrea 0,7 % (II del 95 %: 0,5-1,1); tricomoniasis 0,6 % (II del 95 %: 0,4-0,9); y sifilis 0,5 % (II del 95 %: 0,4-0,6). El total estimado de casos incidentes fue de 376,4 millones: 127,2 millones (II del 95 %: 95,1-165,9 millones) de casos de clamidia; 86,9 millones (II del 95 %: 58,6-123,4 millones) de casos de gonorrea; 156,0 millones (II del 95 %: 103,4-231,2 millones) de casos de tricomoniasis; y 6,3 millones (II del 95 %: 5,5-7,1 millones) de casos de sifilis. Conclusion Las estimaciones mundiales de la prevalencia y la incidencia de estas cuatro enfermedades de transmision sexual curables siguen siendo elevadas. El estudio destaca la necesidad de ampliar los esfuerzos de recopilacion de datos a nivel nacional y proporciona una base inicial para el seguimiento de los progresos de la Estrategia Mundial del Sector de la Salud de la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud sobre las ETS entre 2016 y 2021. [phrase omitted], Introduction Sexually transmitted infections are among the most common communicable conditions and affect the health and lives of people worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) periodically generates estimates to gauge [...]
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- 2019
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13. Contact tracing activities during the Ebola virus disease epidemic in Kindia and Faranah, Guinea, 2014
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Dixon, Meredith G., Taylor, Melanie M., Dee, Jacob, Hakim, Avi, Cantey, Paul, Lim, Travis, Bah, Hawa, Camara, Sekou Mohamed, Ndongmo, Clement B., Togba, Mory, Toure, Leonie Yvonne, Bilivogui, Pepe, Sylla, Mohammed, Kinzer, Michael, Coronado, Fatima, Tongren, Jon Eric, Swaminathan, Mahesh, Mandigny, Lise, Diallo, Boubacar, Seyler, Thomas, Rondy, Marc, Rodier, Guenael, Perea, William A., and Dahl, Benjamin
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Medical research ,Medicine, Experimental ,Ebola virus infections -- Distribution ,Disease transmission -- Forecasts and trends ,Medical statistics -- Research ,Market trend/market analysis ,Company distribution practices ,Health - Abstract
During March 23, 2014-July 8, 2015, Guinea reported 3,748 Ebola virus disease (EVD) cases and 2,499 EVD-related deaths (1), as part of what is the largest reported EVD epidemic to [...]
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- 2015
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14. COVID-19 Case Investigation and Contact Tracing Efforts from Health Departments--United States, June 25-July 24, 2020
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Spencer, Kimberly D., Chung, Christina L., Stargel, Alison, Shultz, Alvin, Thorpe, Phoebe G., Carter, Marion W., Taylor, Melanie M., McFarlane, Mary, Rose, Dale, Honein, Margaret A., and Walke, Henry
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Contact tracing -- Investigations -- Health aspects -- Analysis ,Public health -- Analysis -- Investigations -- Health aspects ,Coronaviruses -- Analysis -- Health aspects -- Investigations ,Company legal issue ,Health - Abstract
Case investigation and contact tracing are core public health tools used to interrupt transmission of pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); timeliness is critical to [...]
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- 2021
15. Transforming and integrating STI surveillance to enhance global advocacy and investment in STI control
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Taylor, Melanie M. and Wi, Teodora Ec
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Sexually transmitted diseases -- Prevention -- Risk factors -- Care and treatment ,Sentinel health events -- Methods -- International aspects ,Health planning -- International aspects ,Health ,World Health Organization -- Aims and objectives - Abstract
`Sexually transmitted infections (STI) exact an astounding yet preventable toll on the health and lives of men and women worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated 376 million new curable [...]
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- 2019
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16. Diagnosing sexually transmitted infections in resource‐constrained settings: challenges and ways forward
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Wi, Teodora Ec, Ndowa, Francis J., Ferreyra, Cecilia, Kelly?Cirino, Cassandra, Taylor, Melanie M., Toskin, Igor, Kiarie, James, Santesso, Nancy, and Unemo, Magnus
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Sexually transmitted diseases -- Diagnosis -- Research ,Medically underserved areas -- Research ,Health - Abstract
: Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain prevalent and are increasing in several populations. Appropriate STI diagnosis is crucial to prevent the transmission and sequelae of untreated infection. We reviewed the diagnostic accuracy of syndromic case management and existing point‐of‐care tests (POCTs), including those in the pipeline, to diagnose STIs in resource‐constrained settings. Methods: We prioritized updating the systematic review and meta‐analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of vaginal discharge from 2001 to 2015 to include studies until 2018. We calculated the absolute effects of different vaginal flowcharts and the diagnostic performance of POCTs on important outcomes. We searched the peer‐reviewed literature for previously conducted systematic reviews and articles from 1990 to 2018 on the diagnostic accuracy of syndromic management of vaginal and urethral discharge, genital ulcer and anorectal infections. We conducted literature reviews from 2000 to 2018 on the existing POCTs and those in the pipeline. Results and discussions: The diagnostic accuracy of urethral discharge and genital ulcer disease syndromes is relatively adequate. Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infections limit the use of vaginal discharge and anorectal syndromes. The pooled diagnostic accuracy of vaginal syndromic case management for CT/NG is low, resulting in high numbers of overtreatment and missed treatment. The absolute effect of POCTs was reduced overtreatment and missed treatment. Findings of the reviews on syndromic case management underscored the need for low‐cost and accurate POCTs for the identification, first, of CT/NG, and, second, of Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and NG and MG resistance/susceptibility testing. Near‐patient POCT molecular assays for CT/NG/TV are commercially available. The prices of these POCTs remain the barrier for uptake in resource‐constrained settings. This is driving the development of lower cost solutions. Conclusions: The WHO syndromic case management guidelines should be updated to raise the quality of STI management through the integration of laboratory tests. STI screening strategies are needed to address asymptomatic STIs. POCTs that are accurate, rapid, simple and affordable are urgently needed in resource‐constrained settings to support the uptake of aetiological diagnosis and treatment., Abbreviations Introduction Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain prevalent and a major burden of morbidity and mortality globally, impacting on quality of life, reproductive and child health, and national and individual [...]
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- 2019
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17. Public perceptions of the threat of terrorist attack in Australia and anticipated compliance behaviours
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Stevens, Garry, Taylor, Melanie, Barr, Margo, Jorm, Louisa, Giffin, Michael, Ferguson, Ray, Agho, Kingsley, and Raphael, Beverley
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Terrorism -- Social aspects ,Ethnic groups -- Beliefs, opinions and attitudes ,Danger perception -- Research ,Threat (Psychology) -- Research ,Health - Abstract
Objective: To determine the perceived threat of terrorist attack in Australia and preparedness to comply with public safety directives. Methods: A representative sample of 2,081 adults completed terrorism perception questions as part of the New South Wales Population Health Survey. Results: Overall, 30.3% thought a terrorist attack in Australia was highly likely, 42.5% were concerned that self or family would be directly affected and 26.4% had changed the way they lived due to potential terrorist attacks. Respondents who spoke a language other than English at home were 2.47 times (Odds Ratios (OR=2.47, 95% CI:1.58-3.64, p Conclusion: Despite not having experienced recent terrorism within Australia, perceived likelihood of an attack was higher than in comparable western countries. Marginalisation of migrant groups associated with perceived terrorism threat may be evident in the current findings. Implications: This baseline data will be useful to monitor changes in population perceptions over time and determine the impact of education and other preparedness initiatives. Key words: terrorism, threat perception, risk perception, evacuation, ethnicity, psychological distress. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.2009.00405.x
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- 2009
18. Mobilizing mobile medical units for hurricane relief: the United States Public Health Service and Broward County Health Department response to Hurricane Wilma, Broward County, Florida
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Taylor, Melanie M., Stokes, William S., Bajuscak, Ronald, Serdula, Mary, Siegel, Karen L., Griffin, Brian, Keiser, Jeffrey, Agate, Lisa, Kite-Powell, Aaron, Roach, David, Humbert, Nancy, Brusuelas, Kristin, and Shekar, Sam S.
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Public health -- Analysis ,Disaster relief -- United States ,Disaster relief -- Analysis ,Health facilities -- Services ,Health ,Social sciences - Published
- 2007
19. Epidemiologic investigation of a cluster of workplace HIV infections in the adult film industry: Los Angeles, California, 2004
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Taylor, Melanie M., Rotblatt, Harlan, Brooks, John T., Montoya, Jorge, Aynalem, Getahun, Smith, Lisa, Kenney, Kerry, Laubacher, Lori, Bustamante, Tony, Kim-Farley, Robert, Fielding, Jonathan, Bernard, Bruce, Daar, Eric, and Kerndt, Peter R.
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HIV infection -- Research ,Occupational health and safety -- Research ,Motion picture industry -- Health aspects ,Motion picture industry -- Research ,Health ,Health care industry - Published
- 2007
20. Detection of acute HIV infections in high-risk patients in California
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Patel, Pragna, Klausner, Jeffrey D., Bacon, Oliver M., Liska, Sally, Taylor, Melanie, Wong, William, Harvey, Sydney, Kerndt, Peter R., Holmberg, Scott D., Gonzalez, Anthony, and Kohn, Robert P.
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HIV infection -- Diagnosis ,Critically ill -- Care and treatment ,HIV patients -- Care and treatment ,Health - Abstract
A study was performed to determine the rate of acute HIV infection, HIV RNA testing on pooled HIV antibody-negative specimens from persons seeking care at San Francisco City Clinic (SFCC) and from men seeking care at 3 STD clinics in Los Angeles. The addition of HIV RNA screening to routine HIV antibody testing in STD clinics identified a substantial increased proportion of HIV-infected persons at high risk for further HIV transmission, who would have been missed by routine HIV counseling and testing protocols.
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- 2006
21. Risk factors for community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infections among HIV-positive men who have sex with men
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Lee, Nolan E., Taylor, Melanie M., Bancroft, Elizabeth, Ruane, Peter J., Morgan, Margie, McCoy, Lucie, and Simon, Paul A.
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Infectious skin diseases -- Risk factors ,Infectious skin diseases -- Research ,Staphylococcus aureus -- Risk factors ,Staphylococcus aureus -- Research ,Health ,Health care industry - Published
- 2005
22. Use of the serologic testing algorithm for recent HIV seroconversion (STARHS) to identify recently acquired HIV infections in men with early syphilis in Los Angeles County
- Author
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Taylor, Melanie M., Hawkins, Kellie, Gonzalez, Anthony, Buchacz, Kate, Aynalem, Getahun, Smith, Lisa V., Klausner, Jeff, Holmberg, Scott, and Kerndt, Peter R.
- Subjects
Gay men -- Health aspects ,HIV infection -- Risk factors ,HIV infection -- Diagnosis ,Syphilis -- Risk factors ,Syphilis -- Diagnosis ,Health - Abstract
The contribution of the ongoing syphilis epidemic to incident HIV infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) is evaluated by applying serologic testing algorithm for recent HIV seroconversion (STARHS) to stored blood specimens of men diagnosed with early syphilis. A high rate of HIV acquisition occurring among this group of MSM with early syphilis in comparison to the percentage of MSM newly diagnosed with HIV in Los Angeles County is suggested.
- Published
- 2005
23. Improving partner services by embedding disease intervention specialists in HIV-clinics
- Author
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Taylor, Melanie M., Mickey, Tom, Winscott, Michelle, James, Heather, Kenney, Kerry, and England, Bob
- Subjects
Sexually transmitted diseases -- Care and treatment ,Sexually transmitted diseases -- Control ,Sexually transmitted diseases -- Diagnosis ,HIV (Viruses) -- Diagnosis ,HIV (Viruses) -- Control ,HIV (Viruses) -- Care and treatment ,Health facilities -- Management ,Company business management ,Health - Abstract
Background/Objectives: Notifying partners of HIV-infected persons and referring them for testing and treatment is an effective method of disease control and identification of undiagnosed STD and/or HIV. To improve partner elicitation interviews, disease intervention specialists (DIS) were placed in 3 HIV clinics during 2008 and 2009. Methods: We reviewed the Arizona state STD surveillance database for 2007 to identify the providers (outside of the public STD clinics) reporting the highest number of syphilis cases. DIS were placed in the clinics for half a day per week (2 clinics) or on an on-call basis (1 clinic) to deliver penicillin and interview patients. We calculated changes in the number of patients interviewed, days elapsed from specimen collection to treatment (time to treatment), days elapsed from specimen collection to initial DIS contact (time to interview), and number of reported and locatable partners from these 3 clinics before and after the clinic placement of DIS. Results: Before the placement of clinic-based DIS, 219 syphilis cases were diagnosed at the 3 clinics (January 2006 through January 2008). After DIS placement, 115 syphilis cases were diagnosed (February 2008 through September 2009) for a total of 334 cases in this analysis. A greater percent of patients completed a partner elicitation interview during the period of DIS placement (94% after vs. 81% before, P = 0.001). There were increases in the average number of locatable partners (1.1 after vs. 0.6 before, P = 0.004) and an increase in the average number of partners exposed and brought to treatment (CDC Disposition A) or infected and brought to treatment (CDC Disposition C) (0.6 after vs. 0.3 before, P = 0.02), and the time to interview decreased (18 days before vs. 9 days after, P = 0.02). Conclusions/Implications: Placing DIS within community HIV clinics improved partner services. STD and/or HIV programs should consider this method to improve partner notification. DOI: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181e65e8b
- Published
- 2010
24. Identifying unreported and undiagnosed cases of congenital syphilis in arizona using live birth and fetal death registries
- Author
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Winscott, Michelle, Taylor, Melanie M., and Kenney, Kerry
- Subjects
Syphilis -- Risk factors ,Syphilis -- Demographic aspects ,Syphilis -- Diagnosis ,Syphilis -- Reports ,Prenatal care -- Health aspects ,Prenatal care -- Methods ,Registers of births, etc. -- Usage ,Health - Abstract
To investigate the drop in reported congenital syphilis cases from 28 in 2005 to 16 in 2006, the Arizona infant registries were cross matched with reported syphilis test among women in th estat STD database. Six previously unreported cases were identified: four live births and two stil births. Key Words: syphilis, congenital syphilis, prenatal care, prenatal syphilis screening, cross-match DOI: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181c37e2a
- Published
- 2010
25. Missed and delayed syphilis treatment and partner elicitation: a comparison between STD clinic and Non-STD clinic patients
- Author
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Chen, Sanny Y., Johnson, Michelle, Sunenshine, Rebecca, England, Bob, Komatsu, Ken, and Taylor, Melanie
- Subjects
Syphilis -- Care and treatment ,Syphilis -- Diagnosis ,Syphilis -- Research ,Health - Abstract
Background: Because of increases in reported syphilis, we sought to identify factors associated with missed and delayed syphilis treatment and partner elicitation interview. Methods: We reviewed syphilis cases reported during June 1, 2006 to May 31, 2007 and conducted multivariate logistic regression analyses to determine demographic and clinical predictors of missed and delayed syphilis treatment and partner elicitation interview. Results: Of 638 syphilis cases, 38 (6%) were identified as untreated cases. Median time-to-treatment was 7 days (range: 0-380) and median time-to-partner elicitation interview was 14 days (range: 0-380 days) for all case-patients. Both intervals were shorter for patients among whom syphilis was diagnosed at the STD clinic versus non-STD facilities. In multivariate analysis, diagnosis at a non-STD clinic (AOR: 2.6; 95% CI, 1.0-6.9) and having a late infection of unknown duration (AOR: 2.1; 95% CI, 1.0-4.6) were significantly associated with untreated syphilis. Conclusion: Time-to-treatment and time-to-partner elicitation interview were shorter for patients among whom syphilis was diagnosed at the STD clinic. For non-STD settings in Maricopa County, improvements in quality of care (i.e., timely treatment) and expeditious public health interventions (i.e., partner elicitation interview) are needed.
- Published
- 2009
26. A consequence of the syphilis epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM): neurosyphilis in Los Angeles, 2001-2004
- Author
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Taylor, Melanie M., Aynalem, Getahun, Olea, Leanne M., He, Peter, Smith, Lisa V., and Kerndt, Peter R.
- Subjects
Neurosyphilis -- Health aspects ,Neurosyphilis -- Surveys ,HIV patients -- Health aspects ,HIV patients -- Surveys ,Syphilis -- Surveys ,Syphilis -- Health aspects ,Health - Abstract
Objectives: To describe the epidemiology and clinical findings of neurosyphilis (NS) cases diagnosed during the current syphilis epidemic occurring predominantly among men who have sex with men. Methods: Syphilis cases reported to the health department were reviewed for diagnosis of NS, cerebrospinal fluid venereal disease research laboratory results, and/or treatment for NS. Results: During 2001-2004, 7083 cases of syphilis were diagnosed in Los Angeles. One hundred nine cases of confirmed or probable NS occurring among persons aged 19 to 65 years were identified during this period (1.5%). Symptomatic NS was present in 1.2% of reported syphilis cases (86 of 7083). NS cases were inclusive of 71 (65%) men who have sex with men. Forty-two (49%) of the symptomatic NS cases occurred during secondary (N = 28) or early latent (N = 14) syphilis. Sixty-eight percent (N = 74) of the NS cases were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive. The estimated incidence of symptomatic NS among HIV-infected persons with early syphilis was 2.1% as compared with 0.6% among HIV-negative persons. Conclusion: Providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for NS among patients with syphilis, particularly those with HIV infection.
- Published
- 2008
27. Interventions in the commercial sex industry during the rise in syphilis rates among men who have sex with men (MSM)
- Author
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Taylor, Melanie, Montoya, Jorge A., Cantrell, Russell, Mitchell, Samuel J., Williams, Mark, Jordahl, Lori, Freeman, Millicent, Brown, Jim, Broussard, Dawn, and Roland, Eric
- Subjects
Sex oriented businesses -- Influence ,Sexually transmitted diseases -- Risk factors ,Health - Abstract
Objective: Describe sexually transmitted disease/human immunodeficiency virus prevention interventions targeting men who have sex with men (MSM) in commercial sex venues (CSV). Study: Compilation of descriptive and evaluation data from the CDC 8-city MSM Syphilis Response on interventions conducted in bathhouses/sex clubs, circuit parties, the Internet, male sex workers, and the adult film industry. Results: Interventions in the commercial sex industry (CSI) often involved multiple collaborative efforts between public health departments (PHD), community-based organizations (CBO), and CSV owners and managers. Education and condoms were provided at multiple venues, including circuit parties, bathhouses, and sex clubs. CBO staff reported one-on-one street and CSV outreach to engage MSM at risk. Evaluation data demonstrate that MSM exposed to media campaigns were more aware of syphilis and more likely to have been tested for syphilis than MSM who did not see the campaigns. Conclusions: PHD and CBO are using multiple means of reaching MSM in the CSI. Evaluations are needed to determine which of these efforts decreases syphilis transmission.
- Published
- 2005
28. Control of syphilis outbreaks in men who have sex with men: the role of screening in nonmedical settings
- Author
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Ciesielski, Carol, Kahn, Richard H., Taylor, Melanie, Gallagher, Kathleen, Prescott, Larry J., and Arrowsmith, Susan
- Subjects
Medical screening -- Methods ,Syphilis -- Control ,Health - Abstract
Objective: To quantify the scope and yield of targeted syphilis screening in nonmedical settings in 7 US cities affected by recent syphilis outbreaks among men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods: Data were collected from syphilis screening activities targeting MSM between 1999 and 2004, conducted in bathhouses or other commercial sex venues, MSM-oriented bars, mobile vans, and other nonmedical settings by the public health departments of Chicago, Houston, Miami/Fort Lauderdale, Los Angeles, NY, and San Francisco. Results: Of 14,143 syphilis screening tests (STS) conducted during community outreach campaigns at a variety of MSM oriented venues, 132 (0.9%) new cases of syphilis were identified. One hundred five (0.8%) new cases of early syphilis were found, including 23 cases of symptomatic syphilis. Screening in jails produced the highest prevalence of early syphilis (1.3%, 51 cases/3853 STS), followed by sex venues, including bathhouses (1.2%, 29 cases/2511 STS). Conclusions: These data suggest that even nontraditional, highly targeted screening programs conducted during outbreak situations do not detect many persons with syphilis, even though many of the screening venues were locations where men with syphilis met their sex partners. The low prevalence of infectious syphilis identified during these screening events suggests that the direct impact of these programs on decreasing syphilis transmission may be negligible. However, the secondary benefits, such as increasing awareness of syphilis and prompting earlier treatment due to symptom recognition, may be substantial.
- Published
- 2005
29. Activities to increase provider awareness of early syphilis in men who have sex with men in 8 cities, 2000-2004
- Author
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Taylor, Melanie, Prescott, Larry, Brown, Jim, Wong, William, Allen, Michelle, Broussard, Dawn, Jordahl, Lori, and Kerndt, Peter
- Subjects
Sexually transmitted diseases -- Control ,Syphilis -- Risk factors ,Health - Abstract
Objective: Describe provider awareness campaigns undertaken in response to syphilis epidemics among men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods: Descriptive data from 8 cities facing MSM syphilis epidemics was compiled. Results: Provider awareness efforts included medical alerts, provider visits, lectures to providers on symptom recognition and treatment, and ongoing provision of syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases (STD) morbidity information through mailings, visits, and e-mail communications. Increases in private provider reporting of syphilis cases followed provider visits in Atlanta and overall provider education efforts in New York City. Decreases in reporting delays and increases in physician calls to the STD program were reported in San Francisco following provider syphilis lectures. Increases in provider participation in community action meetings followed provider awareness efforts in Houston, Chicago, and Miami. Conclusions: Various methods were used to increase provider awareness of syphilis in these 8 cities. The cost and impact of these activities merits more formal evaluation to determine their contribution to syphilis control in MSM.
- Published
- 2005
30. Sexually transmitted disease testing protocols, sexually transmitted disease testing, and discussion of sexual behaviors in HIV clinics in Los Angeles county
- Author
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Taylor, Melanie M., McClain, Tracie, Javanbakht, Marjan, Brown, Bessie, Aynalem, Getahun, Smith, Lisa V., Kerndt, Peter R., and Peterman, Thomas A.
- Subjects
Sexually transmitted diseases -- Surveys ,HIV testing -- Surveys ,Sex -- Surveys ,Health - Abstract
Objective/Goal: The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of written protocols for sexually transmitted disease (STD) screening, the frequency and types of STD tests performed, and the occurrence and frequency of obtaining sexual risk assessments among HIV clinics. Study: A survey was administered to 36 medical directors, clinic directors, and HIV providers representing 48 HIV healthcare clinics in Los Angeles. Results: The use of a written or electronic protocol for STD testing was reported by 50% of clinics. Clinics with written or electronic STD protocols were significantly more likely to report questioning patients at each visit regarding their sexual practices (prevalence ratio, 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-3.4). Clinics with written or electronic protocols were not more likely to report more frequent STD testing. Conclusions: Written or electronic protocols for STD testing may promote sexual risk assessment questioning among HIV healthcare providers and may help to ensure STD testing per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/IDSA guidelines for HIV-positive persons at sexual risk.
- Published
- 2005
31. Time to treatment for women with chlamydial or gonococcal infections: a comparative evaluation of sexually transmitted disease clinics in 3 US cities
- Author
-
Wong, David, Berman, Stuart M., Furness, Bruce W., Gunn, Robert A., Taylor, Melanie, and Peterman, Thomas A.
- Subjects
Chlamydia -- Diagnosis ,Chlamydia -- Research ,Sexually transmitted diseases -- Diagnosis ,Sexually transmitted diseases -- Research ,Health - Abstract
Background: Many women with positive screening tests for chlamydia or gonorrhea are not promptly treated and are at risk for complications and further disease transmission. Improved methods for notifying infected patients might increase timely treatment in this population. Goal: Describe notification procedures at STD clinics in Washington, DC; Los Angeles; and San Diego and compare timeliness of treatment during 2000 to 2002. Study: Interviews were conducted to determine methods for notifying infected patients. Data were abstracted from 327 medical records of women with chlamydia or gonorrhea who had not been treated presumptively. The interval between specimen collection and treatment ('time to treatment') was calculated. Results: Each clinic had different procedures for notifying untreated infected women. Among those treated, the median time to treatment was 18 days in Washington, DC, and 8 days in Los Angeles. In San Diego, the median time to treatment was initially 14 days, which improved to 7 days after patient-notification procedures were changed. Conclusion: Simple changes in patient notification procedures can decrease time to treatment at STD clinics. STD programs should evaluate time to treatment and institute methods for efficient patient follow-up.
- Published
- 2005
32. Misclassification of the stages of syphilis: implications for surveillance
- Author
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Peterman, Thomas A., Kahn, Richard H., Ciesielski, Carol A., Ortiz-Rios, Elizabeth, Furness, Bruce W., Blank, Susan, Schillinger, Julia A., Gunn, Robert A., Taylor, Melanie, and Berman, Stuart, M.
- Subjects
Syphilis -- Research ,Syphilis -- Terminology ,Sexually transmitted diseases -- Research ,Sexually transmitted diseases -- Terminology ,Health - Abstract
Syphilis cases were reviewed to see if reported stages met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention case definition. Classification was excellent for primary and secondary and good for late latent, but half of early latent and unknown duration were misclassified. New surveillance definitions are suggested, comments requested. Background: Uncertainty when staging latent syphilis should lead clinicians to call it late latent (requires more treatment) and disease investigators to call it early latent (priority for partner investigation). Accurate surveillance requires consistent case definitions. Objective: Assess validity of reported syphilis stages. Methods: Record reviews in 6 jurisdictions to determine if reported cases met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention case definitions. Results: Nine hundred seventy-three records from 6 jurisdictions in 2002 showed excellent agreement for reported primary (94.0%) and secondary (95.4%), good agreement for late latent (80.2%), and poor agreement for early latent (48.4%) and unknown duration (49.7%). Unknown duration (age [less than or equal to] 35 and nontreponemal test titer [greater than or equal to] 32) was often misinterpreted to mean 'not known.' Early latent (within the past year, documented: seroconversion, fourfold titer increase, symptoms, or contact with an independently documented early syphilis case) was often misinterpreted to include patients with risky behavior, young age, or high nontreponemal test titers. Conclusions: The unknown duration stage should be dropped. Surveillance of latent syphilis would be more consistent if cases were reported as having high or low titers on nontreponemal test. Alternative approaches are solicited from readers.
- Published
- 2005
33. Correlates of Internet use to meet sex partners among men who have sex with men diagnosed with early syphilis in Los Angeles County
- Author
-
Taylor, Melanie, Aynalem, Getahun, Smith, Lisa, Bemis, Cathleen, Kenney, Kerry, and Kerndt, Peter
- Subjects
Gay men -- Information management ,Gay men -- Research ,Online services -- Influence ,Online services -- Research ,Sexually transmitted diseases -- Research ,Company systems management ,Cable television/data services ,Online services ,Health - Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate use of the Internet to solicit sex partners by men who have sex with men (MSM) who were diagnosed with early syphilis infection. Study: Field interview records for syphilis patients were reviewed for factors associated with Internet use. Results: Internet users were more likely to be of white race (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-1.8), to report anal insertive sex (PR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.1-1.2), sex with anonymous partners (PR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.3), intravenous drug use (PR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1-6.7), and nonintravenous drug use (PR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.8). Controlling for race and sexual risk behaviors, white race (odds ratio [OR], 2.8; 95% CI, 1.8-4.6), having anonymous sex partners (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.6-7.0), and nonintravenous drug use (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.6) were associated with meeting sex partners through the Internet. Conclusions: Effective sexually transmitted disease risk reduction interventions using the Internet are needed to reach Internet-using, sex-seeking MSM populations engaging in high-risk behaviors.
- Published
- 2004
34. Shedding of human herpesvirus 8 in oral and genital secretions from HIV-1-seropositive and -seronegative Kenyan women
- Author
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Taylor, Melanie M., Chohan, Bhavna, Lavreys, Ludo, Hassan, Wisal, Huang, Meei-Li, Corey, Larry, Morrow, Rhoda Ashley, Richardson, Barbra A., Mandaliya, Kishorchandra, Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah, Bwayo, Job, and Kreiss, Joan
- Subjects
Sexually transmitted diseases -- Research ,Kaposi's sarcoma -- Causes of ,Kaposi's sarcoma -- Risk factors ,Human herpesvirus 8 -- Research ,Serodiagnosis ,Health - Published
- 2004
35. The effect of sequential use of vacuum and forceps for assisted vaginal delivery on neonatal and maternal outcomes
- Author
-
Gardella, Carolyn, Taylor, Melanie, Benedetti, Thomas, Hitti, Jane, and Critchlow, Cathy
- Subjects
Obstetrical extraction -- Complications ,Infants (Newborn) -- Injuries ,Health - Abstract
The use of forceps and vacuum extraction during childbirth increases the risk of complications, according to a study of 22,446 deliveries. Fetal complications included higher rates of intracranial hemorrhage, shoulder injuries, facial nerve injury, and seizure. Maternal complications included hematoma, lacerations, and hemorrhage.
- Published
- 2001
36. Michigan legislature passes bills to criminalize dismemberment abortion, Whitmer promises veto
- Author
-
Taylor, Melanie
- Subjects
Michigan. Senate -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Political activity ,United States. House of Representatives -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Political activity ,Michigan. Department of Health and Human Services -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Political activity ,Abortion -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Political aspects ,Abortion policy -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Political aspects ,Legislative bills -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Political aspects ,Incest ,Civilian evacuation ,Health ,Social services ,Government regulation ,News, opinion and commentary ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
Byline: Melanie Taylor On Wednesday, both the Michigan Senate and House of Representatives passed nearly identical bills criminalizing the abortion procedure 'dilation and evacuation,' also known as D&E, or dismemberment. [...]
- Published
- 2019
37. Syphilis screening and treatment: integration with HIV services
- Author
-
Taylor, Melanie M., Kamb, Mary, Wu, Dadong, and Hawkes, Sarah
- Subjects
Infant mortality -- Health aspects ,HIV -- Health aspects ,Pregnant women -- Health aspects ,Syphilis -- Health aspects ,Health ,World Health Organization - Abstract
Syphilis transmitted from mother to child is second only to malaria as a leading cause of preventable stillbirth. (1) An estimated 930 000 pregnant women experience 350 000 adverse pregnancy [...]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and syphilis in Cuba and Thailand
- Author
-
Ishikawa, Naoko, Newman, Lori, Taylor, Melanie, Essajee, Shaffiq, Pendse, Razia, and Ghidinelli, Massimo
- Subjects
HIV infections -- Distribution ,Preventive medicine -- Methods ,Maternal-fetal exchange -- Health aspects ,Syphilis -- Distribution ,Company distribution practices ,Health - Abstract
Vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis can be effectively controlled through antenatal screening and treatment. However, each year there are still an estimated 150 000 cases of [...]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The amount of penicillin needed to prevent mother-to-child transmission of syphilis
- Author
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Taylor, Melanie M., Zhang, Xiulei, Nurse-Findlay, Stephen, Hedman, Lisa, and Kiarie, James
- Subjects
Penicillins ,Infant mortality ,Disease transmission -- Prevention ,Pregnant women ,Syphilis -- Prevention ,Health ,World Health Organization - Abstract
Syphilis is unique among sexually transmitted diseases in that it remains curable (with minimal reports of resistance) with a single dose of penicillin, formulated for this purpose as long-acting benzathine [...]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The use of a modified Delphi approach to engage stakeholders in zoonotic disease research priority setting.
- Author
-
Sawford, Kate, Dhand, Navneet K., Toribio, Jenny-Ann L. M. L., and Taylor, Melanie R.
- Subjects
HORSE diseases ,STAKEHOLDERS ,ZOONOSES ,HEALTH ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,VACCINATION - Abstract
Background After the 2011 cluster of Hendra virus cases in horses in Australia, public health targeted education initiatives at people in the equine industry to reduce human exposure to potentially infected horses. 'Horse owners and Hendra Virus: A Longitudinal cohort study To Evaluate Risk' aims to enhance public health measures through improved understanding of Hendra virus risk perception and risk mitigation strategies among horse owners and horse care providers. This paper describes the stakeholder consultation that was undertaken to ensure the cohort study outcomes were relevant to diverse groups who play a role in Hendra virus policy development and implementation. Methods A two-round modified Delphi study with online questionnaires was conducted. In round one, stakeholders identified priority research areas. In round two, stakeholders rated and ranked topics that emerged from thematic analysis of the round one responses. Round two data were analysed using logistic regression. Results Of the 255 stakeholders contacted, 101 responded to round one. Over 450 topics were proposed. These were organized into 18 themes. Approximately two thirds of the round one respondents participated in round two. 'Hendra virus-related risk awareness and perception', 'personal health and safety', 'emergency preparedness', 'risk prevention, mitigation, and biosecurity', and 'Hendra virus vaccination in horses - attitudes/uptake' were the top five areas identified according to probability of being ranked extremely important. Conclusions In this study, a modified Delphi approach was effective in guiding research into Hendra virus, a zoonotic disease of animal and human health significance. The findings support the notion that stakeholders should be engaged in zoonotic disease research priority setting. Such consultation will help to ensure that research initiatives are relevant and useful to stakeholders in the position to make use of new findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Long-term health and wellbeing of people affected by the 2002 Bali bombing.
- Author
-
Stevens, Garry J., Dunsmore, Julie C., Agho, Kingstey E., Taylor, Melanie R., Jones, Alison L., van Ritten, Jason J., and Raphael, Beverley
- Subjects
BALI Bombings, Kuta, Bali, Indonesia, 2002 ,CRIME victims ,BOMBINGS -- Social aspects ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,HEALTH - Abstract
The article presents a study which examines the health status of individuals, mentally and physically, after eight years of being affected by the 2012 Bali bombing. It mentions that the main outcome measures include the past-month psychological distress and daily functioning and traumatic stress-related symptoms. The result of the study shows that directly affected individuals had good physical health but relatively high rates of psychological distress, eight years after the incident.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Why do we continue to work as nurses?
- Author
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Taylor, Melanie R.
- Subjects
Health - Abstract
Nursing, for the most part, is no longer rewarding or satisfying. The perks are few and far between. Nurses are voluntarily leaving the field. So, why do some of us [...]
- Published
- 2004
43. Protecting Adolescents' Right to Seek Treatment for Sexually Transmitted Diseases without Parental Consent: The Arizona Experience with Senate Bill 1309.
- Author
-
Goodwin, Kimberly D., Taylor, Melanie M., Fuse Brown, Erin C., Winscott, Michelle, Scanlon, Megan, Hodge, Jr., James G., Mickey, Tom, and England, Bob
- Subjects
- *
PREVENTION of sexually transmitted diseases , *SEXUALLY transmitted disease treatment , *SEXUALLY transmitted diseases , *DEBATE , *HEALTH , *HEALTH education , *HEALTH services accessibility , *HEALTH status indicators , *HUMAN rights , *SEXUAL health , *INFORMED consent (Medical law) , *INTERPROFESSIONAL relations , *MEDICAL ethics , *PARENTS , *PRACTICAL politics , *PRIVACY , *INFORMATION resources , *CONSUMER activism , *SEXUAL partners , *LAW - Abstract
In 2010, Senate Bill 1309 included language to repeal an existing Arizona law that enables minors younger than 18 years of age to seek diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) without parental consent. Numerous implications were identified that would have stemmed from parental consent provisions originally proffered in Senate Bill 1309. These implications included diminished access to essential health services among minors, exacerbated existing health disparities, increased health-care spending costs, and thwarted efforts to curb the spread of STDs. Lastly, minors would have been deprived of existing privacy protections concerning their STD-related medical information. This case study describes how collaborative advocacy efforts resulted in the successful amendment of Senate Bill 1309 to avert the negative sexual and reproductive health outcomes among adolescents stemming from the potential repeal of their existing legal right to seek STD treatment without parental consent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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