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The symptoms, incidence, and risk for complications of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remain controversial. Several types of long COVID, meaning prolonged symptoms or long-term complications of COVID-19, have been reported (1). [...]

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was detected during 2012 and continues to cause outbreaks as a result of frequent spillover from dromedary camels to humans. Human infection with MERS-CoV [...]

Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to an antibody response, even in those who are completely asymptomatic. However, the initial immune response is not as strong [...]

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a new strain of betacoronavirus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19), quickly spread worldwide; the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic on March [...]

The zoonotic introductions and ongoing outbreaks of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (MERS-CoV) pose a global threat (1,2) necessitating continuous serosurveillance to monitor virus spread alongside the development of [...]

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) poses a public health threat; ongoing outbreaks have been reported since its detection in 2012 (1). MERS-CoV infection may be asymptomatic or may cause [...]

Neutralizing antibodies develop in asymptomatic persons with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection; however, the initial immune response is not as strong as in patients with more severe [...]

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) remains a disease of global public health concern for which no proven specific countermeasures are available. As of December 5, 2016, [approximately equal to] 1,800 [...]

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), first detected in Saudi Arabia in 2012, is a novel human pathogen that causes severe respiratory illness (1). Phylogenetic analyses and transmission studies suggest [...]

We investigated the kinetics of serologic responses to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection by using virus neutralization and MERS-CoV S1 IgG ELISA tests. In most patients, robust antibody [...]

Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), is a zoonotic tickborne pathogen transmitted by ixodid ticks that infects wild and domestic mammals and humans (1-3). HGA was [...]

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) causes signs and symptoms including high fever, vomiting, diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and multiple organ failure and has a 6%-30% case-fatality rate (1-4). Caused by [...]

Introduction: Low bone mass is prevalent in HIV‐positive patients. However, compared to Western countries, less is known about HIV‐associated osteopenia in Asian populations. Methods: We performed a cross‐sectional survey in Seoul National University Hospital from December 2011 to May 2012. We measured bone mineral density using central dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry, with consent, in male HIV‐positive patients, aged 40 years and older. Diagnosis of low bone mass was made using International Society for Clinical Densitometry Z‐score criteria in the 40–49 years age group and World Health Organization T‐score criteria in the >50‐year age group. The data were compared with those of a community‐based cohort in Korea. Results: Eighty‐four HIV‐positive male patients were included in this study. Median age was 49 (interquartile range [IQR], 45–56) years, and median body mass index (BMI) was 22.6 (IQR, 20.9–24.4). Viral suppression was achieved in 75 (89.3%) patients and median duration of antiretroviral therapy was 71 (IQR, 36–120) months. The overall prevalence of low bone mass was 16.7% in the 40–49 years age group and 54.8% in the>50 years age group. Our cohort had significantly lower bone mass at the femur neck and total hip than HIV‐negative Koreans in the 40–49 years age group. Low bone mass was significantly associated with low BMI, and a high level of serum carboxy‐terminal collagen crosslinks, but was not associated with antiretroviral regimen or duration of antiretroviral therapy. Conclusions: Low bone mass is prevalent in Korean HIV‐positive males undergoing antiretroviral therapy, and may be associated with increased bone resorption., Introduction The advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) has improved the prognosis of patients infected with HIV [1]. Long‐term CART is associated with several metabolic complications including lipodystrophy, insulin resistance, [...]

Introduction: Low bone mass is prevalent in HIV-positive patients. However, compared to Western countries, less is known about HIV-associated osteopenia in Asian populations. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey in Seoul National University Hospital from December 2011 to May 2012. We measured bone mineral density using central dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, with consent, in male HIV-positive patients, aged 40 years and older. Diagnosis of low bone mass was made using International Society for Clinical Densitometry Z- score criteria in the 40-49 years age group and World Health Organization T-score criteria in the >50-year age group. The data were compared with those of a community-based cohort in Korea. Results: Eighty-four HIV-positive male patients were included in this study. Median age was 49 (interquartile range [IQR], 45-56) years, and median body mass index (BMI) was 22.6 (IQR, 20.9-24.4). Viral suppression was achieved in 75 (89.3%) patients and median duration of antiretroviral therapy was 71 (IQR, 36-120) months. The overall prevalence of low bone mass was 16.7% in the 40-49 years age group and 54.8% in the >50 years age group. Our cohort had significantly lower bone mass at the femur neck and total hip than HIV-negative Koreans in the 40-49 years age group. Low bone mass was significantly associated with low BMI, and a high level of serum carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks, but was not associated with antiretroviral regimen or duration of antiretroviral therapy. Conclusions: Low bone mass is prevalent in Korean HIV-positive males undergoing antiretroviral therapy, and may be associated with increased bone resorption. Keywords: HIV; AIDS; osteopenia; osteoporosis., Introduction The advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) has improved the prognosis of patients infected with HIV [1]. Long-term CART is associated with several metabolic complications including lipodystrophy, insulin resistance, [...]