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Background/aim: The present study investigated the anticancer effects of intraperitoneally administered D-allose in in vivo models of head and neck cancer cell lines., Materials and Methods: To assess the direct effects of D-allose, its dynamics in blood and tumor tissues were examined., Results: D-allose was detected in blood and tumor tissues 10 min after its intraperitoneal administration and then gradually decreased. In vivo experiments revealed that radiation plus D-allose was more effective than either treatment alone. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) mRNA over-expression was detected after the addition of D-allose in in vitro and in vivo experiments. D-allose inhibited cell growth, which was associated with decreases in glycolysis and intracellular ATP levels and the prolonged activation of AMPK. The phosphorylation of p38-MAPK was also observed early after the administration of D-allose and was followed by the activation of AMPK and up-regulated expression of TXNIP in both in vitro and in vivo experiments., Conclusion: Systemically administered D-allose appears to exert antitumor effects. Further studies are needed to clarify the appropriate dosage and timing of the administration of D-allose and its combination with other metabolic agents., (Copyright © 2024 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.)

Objectives: Palliative care patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) often experience dysphagia and airway trouble; thus, each patient requires a specific palliative care plan based on their prognostication. However, no established specific prognostic tool performed on the day of starting end-of-life care is available for such patients. We assessed the accuracy of Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) and palliative prognostic index (PPI) and their combination to establish a specified prognostic tool for patients with HNSCC in end-of-life setting., Methods: A retrospective clinical chart review was undertaken on patients with HNSCC in end-of life setting who were decided in Kagawa University Hospital and National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center between April 2011 and March 2019. The patients were divided into 2 categories according to GPS (0-1 and 2) and PPI (groups A-B and C). These were combined into 4 categories (PPI group A-B and GPS score 0-1: good; PPI group A-B and GPS score 2: intermediate; PPI group C and GPS score 2: poor; and PPI group C and GPS score 0-1: others). The survival curves were compared for the former 3 categories., Results: The median survival of the scores 0-1 and 2 on GPS were 114 (72-148) and 39 (25-52) days, respectively ( P < .01). These of groups A-B and C on PPI were 79 (64-99) and 16 (9-29) days, respectively ( P < .01). The median survival of the good, intermediate, and poor categories was 127 (73-149), 64 (44-80), and 15 (9-27) days, respectively ( P < .01 among all categories)., Conclusions: In this study, the survival of terminally ill patients with HNSCC can be predicted by the GPS, PPI, and their combination with sufficient probability.

Purpose: The present study compared the potential of pretreatment 3'-deoxy-3'-[F]-fluorothymidine (F-FLT) uptake parameters and those of F-FDG to predict the clinical outcome of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy., Methods: A total 53 patients undergoing pretreatment F-FLT PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT from May 2006 to April 2013 were evaluated. The SUVmax, metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis, and total lesion proliferation (TLP) were determined semiquantitatively. Associations between clinical factors and PET/CT parameters and prognostic value were analyzed., Results: In univariate analyses, F-FLT SUVmax, MTV, TLP, F-FDG MTV, and total lesion glycolysis correlated with locoregional control (P = 0.02, P = 0.0007, P = 0.0001, P = 0.007, and P = 0.013, respectively). Clinical T stage, F-FLT SUVmax, MTV, TLP, and F-FDG SUVmax correlated with overall survival (P = 0.012, P = 0.0057, P = 0.0018, P = 0.0012, and P = 0.047, respectively). On multivariate analyses, F-FLT TLP was an independent factor for locoregional control (P = 0.002; hazards ratio [HR], 5.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.81-14.54), as were F-FLT SUVmax and MTV for overall survival (P = 0.021; HR, 3.47; 95% CI, 1.2-10.01 and P = 0.029; HR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.12-8.95)., Conclusions: Pretreatment F-FLT PET/CT volume-based metabolic parameters are superior prognostic predictors to those of F-FDG PET/CT. F-FLT SUVmax and MTV can provide important prognostic information for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas administered with chemoradiotherapy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive potential of pre-treatment 3'-deoxy-3'-[18F]-fluorothymidine (FLT) uptake parameters for short-term outcome of primary head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) patients., Patients and Methods: A total of 32 patients undergoing pre-treatment FLT positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) from May 2010 to May 2013 were evaluated. Semi-quantitative assessment was used to determine mean, peak and maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmean, SUVpeak and SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion proliferation (TLP). Clinicopathologic factors and PET/CT parameters were analyzed for their association with 2-year loco-regional control (LRC) and overall survival (OS)., Results: The mean (± SD) SUVmean, SUVpeak, SUVmax, MTV and TLP were 5.97 ± 3.16, 6.71 ± 3.75, 10.05 ± 5.37, 7.31 ± 8.05 and 44.95 ± 52.82, respectively. In univariate analyses, N category was associated with OS (P = 0.037). Increased MTV ≥13 ml was associated with decreased LRC and OS (P < 0.0001). TLP ≥69.3 g was also linked with both LRC and OS (P = 0.009 and 0.015, respectively). Regarding SUVs, only the SUVpeak was associated with LRC and OS (P = 0.035 and 0.049, respectively)., Conclusions: Pre-treatment MTV is the most useful parameter with FLT PET/CT. TLP and SUVpeak may also provide important prognostic information for patients with HNSCCs.