Search

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) applications and regenerative strategies have been used to improve the clinical practice of repairing large bone defects associated with surgical resections, congenital malformations, and trauma. The scaffolds are designed to stimulate a biological response, including cell interactions, and guide tissue regeneration by functioning as artificial biomimetic extracellular matrixes. Polymeric biomaterials are suitable for bone tissue engineering since they possess both chemical and physical properties, enabling the control of shape, morphology, and biodegradability, which makes them suitable for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications. In vivo animal models were studied for collagen, chitosan, poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and high density polyethylene (HDPE), the four most common polymers employed in bone tissue engineering. Through analysis of the results of this review, the in vivo studies can provide a large-scale evaluation of the possibility of achieving optimal bone-forming capabilities and regenerative capabilities. Furthermore, the review will serve as an essential reference for bone tissue engineering applications as well as contribute to the development of novel in vivo investigations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the domain of bone tissue engineering, the quest for suitable bone replacement materials that circumvent the limitations of metallic orthopedic implants is of paramount importance. Metallic implants, despite their wide application and success in orthopedic surgery, are often compromised by inadequate osteoconductive properties and risks of surface corrosion and infection, which can lead to tissue damage and fractures with consequent residual distortion. This study introduces novel bio-nano composite scaffolds fabricated utilizing nanosized fillers--8 mol% CaO-PSZ (partially stabilized zirconia) and TiO2 (titanium dioxide)--embedded within an HDPE (high-density polyethylene) matrix for potential orthopedic applications. The bio-nano composites were formed under varying compression pressures (29, 114 MPa) and a constant temperature of 150° for a duration of 15 minutes, resulting in disk-shaped specimens with a diameter of 14.7 mm and heights ranging from 7 to 10 mm. The aim was to determine the optimal thermal and physical properties of these hybrid composites (TiO2-CaO-PSZ/HDPE) for their use as bone substitutes. Characterization of the scaffolds was conducted via three distinct imaging modalities: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for chemical structure elucidation, atomic force microscopy (AFM) for topographical analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for thermal property assessment. The analysis confirmed that the incorporation of nanoparticle fillers into the HDPE matrix resulted in enhanced structural stability and mechanical interlocking at the atomic level. Furthermore, improvements in thermal behavior and crystallization degree were observed in direct correlation with the applied hot-press pressure and the presence of ceramic fillers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to demonstrate how the effect of adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanoparticles to the (Hydroxyapatite/High-density polyethylene) biocomposites. In this investigation, the samples with various percentages of (MWCNTs) were fabricated by a hot-press technique. The morphological characteristics, roughness of the surface and thermal properties of the bio-composite samples (HA/HDPE/MWCNTs) were investigated. The excellent homogeneous distribution of the internal fibrous network and microstructure arrangements were among the most prominent characteristics obtained through FE-SEM and AFM examinations. The degree of crystallinity showed that the (MWCNTs) additives enhance by an increase of approximately (35%), compared with pure sample (without addition MWCNTs). Based on the experimental results obtained, the fabrication of the presented bio-composites sample exhibited the excellent characteristics that make them promising material for biomedical application as a substitute material for hard tissue likes bone reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]