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Anisogramma anomala, Corylus avellana, eastern filbert blight, nut breeding. [Extracted from the article]

The article introduces the cultivar named Burgundy Lace which is a ornamental hazelnut released by the Oregon Agricultural Experiment station. It discusses the cultivar's properties including its resistance to eastern filbert blight (EFB) disease caused by Anisogramma anomala, analyzes the variety's nut yield efficiency, rating of catkins and pollen in the trial.

The article offers information on the "McDonald" hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) which was released by the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station in January 2014. Topics include the origin of the hazelnut, the description of the plant, and its availability and legal protection under the U.S. Plant Patent. Several tables are also presented.

The article offers information on the characteristics of 'Wepster' which is a new hazelnut cultivar for the blanched kemel market. It discusses contributions of the Wepster family to the Oregon hazelnut industry and the Oregon State University (OSU) hazelnut breeding program. It also talks about creation of an endowed professorship at the OSU Foundation to support the breeding program.

The article features the Dorris hazelnut, Corylus avellana L. cultivar which was released by the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station in February 2011. The plant breed was tested at the Oregon State University (OSU) from a cross breed with the Delta cultivar by Shawn A. Mehlenbacher and David C. Smith in 1997. Dorris was compared with other hazelnut varieties based on nut yields, trunk cross-sectional area, yield efficiency and bud mite ratings.

The article focuses on the species Tonda Pacifica hazelnut, Corylus avellana L., cultivar for the kernel market. It discusses its origin, the tree size and shape and nut yields in comparison with other hazelnut cultivars. It also presents the licensing agreement with Viveros Nefuen in Hijuelas, Chile for the propagation and sale of trees of Tonda Pacifica.

'Barcelona' hazelnut (C. avellana L.) shoots were girdled and stool layered in a factorial design with three tissue removal (leaf, bud and meristem removal) and two hormone (with or without 750 ppm IBA) treatments. Percent rooting, rooting grade (0 to 5), shoot length, shoot diameter, and total number of buds were determined. Average percent rooting was >90% for all treatments. Girdling alone gave as high percent rooting as hormone application. The main effect of IBA was on root quality rather than percent rooting. About 75% of the hormone-treated rooted layers could be directly planted (grades 3 to 5), compared to 44% for the control, but shoot length, shoot diameter and total number of buds decreased with IBA application. Bud removal did not affect average percent rooting while meristem removal reduced it slightly. The percentage of layers having grades 3 to 5 was lower for the meristem and bud removal treatments than for leaf removal. Our results support the adoption of stool layerage with girdling and IBA application for the production of strong, well-rooted trees suitable for planting directly in the orchard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on Jefferson, a hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivar released by the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station in January 2009. Jefferson was developed from a cross breed of OSU 252.146 X OSU 414.062, made by Shawn A. Mehlenbacher and David C. Smith. It is said to have smaller trees but higher nut yield and nut yield efficiency. A description of the tree, fruits and leaves of Jefferson is also given, along with its availability.

The article provides information on a hazelnut cultivar called Sacajawea which is being released for the kernel market. It mentions that the cultivar has a high level of quantitative resistance against eastern filbert blight caused by the fungus Anisogramma anomala. According to the author, the trees of Sacajawea have a moderate set of catkins which shed large amount of pollen early in the season and a globose growth habit that is easy to manage in a commercial orchard.

The article describes the horticultural traits of Eta and Theta, two new hazelnut cultivars. In January 2009, Eta and Theta were released by the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station as pollenizers for the late-flowering Jefferson. Information on the origins of Eta and Theta is also provided. The nuts of Eta are round and of medium size, while those of Theta are small and matures three days later than Barcelona. An allele from Gasaway enables both cultivars to resist eastern filbert blight.

The cutleaf hazelnut [Corylus avellana L. f. heterophylla (Loud.) Rehder] is an ornamental form with strongly dissected leaf morphology. Its stigmas express incompatibility allele S20 but none of the other 25S-alleles was detected with fluorescence microscopy. Three seedlings from a cross of the cutleaf hazelnut and VR6-28 lacked S20 and were investigated further. Each expressed an allele from the parent VR6-28 (S2 Su26), S26 in OSU 562.031 and OSU 562.048 and S2 in OSU 562.049. S2 and S26 are low in the dominance hierarchy, so we expected the new allele from the cutleaf hazelnut to be expressed in their pollen. Unexpectedly, fluorescence microscopy showed that pollen of all three selections was compatible on their cutleaf parent and on each other, and furthermore, self-pollinations showed the excellent germination and long parallel tubes in the styles that are typical of a compatible pollination. Controlled self-and cross-pollinations in the field verified the self-compatibility of two selections. Cluster set for serf-pollinations was very high (75-90%) and within the range observed for compatible cross-pollinations. Furthermore, the frequency of blank nuts was low (<10%). The second allele in the cutleaf hazelnut is designated S28, and its presence in seedlings of 'Cutleaf' is indicated by the absence of S20. Controlled pollinations in the field also showed that selection OSU 562.069 (S2 S28) from the cress 'Cutleaf' x 'Redleaf #3' was self-compatible. Fluorescence microscopy showed that two additional seedlings were self-incompatible [OSU 367.052 (S1 S28) and OSU 367.076 (S6 S28)] while a third [OSU 706.071 (S9 S28)] was self-compatible. Self-compatibility may be limited to genotypes that combine S28 with a second allele that is low in the dominance hierarchy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eastern filbert blight (EFB), caused by the pyrenomycete Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller, is a devastating disease of European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) in the Pacific Northwest. Host genetic resistance from 'Gasaway' has been used extensively for breeding hazelnuts at Oregon State University. Concern over the durability of this single-gene resistance prompted a search for new sources of resistance. In this study, 86 accessions from 11 countries were evaluated for their response to greenhouse inoculation with the pathogen. Nine accessions showed complete resistance, including one from Chile ('Amarillo Tardio'), two from Serbia ('Crvenje' and 'Uebov'), one from southern Russia (OSU 495.072) and five from Moscow, Russia. These new sources of EFB resistance have geographically diverse origins and will broaden the genetic base of EFB-resistant hazelnut germplasm. The previously reported resistance of 'Grand Traverse' from Michigan and the susceptibility of 'Closca Molla' from Spain were confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A diverse collection of 58 hazelnut accessions, including Corylus aveilana L. and interspecific hybrids, were evaluated for their response to the eastern filbert blight pathogen Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller after greenhouse inoculation. Evaluations were made using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and visual inspection. Forty-five of these became infected, 12 remained free of infection, and one gave inconclusive results. The 12 accessions showing complete resistance were European hazelnuts 'Culpla' from Spain and CCOR 187 from Finland; C. americana x C. avellana hybrids 'G081S', CCOR 506, and Weschcke selections TPI, TP2 and TP3; C. colurna x C. avellana hybrids Chinese Trazels Geilatly #6 and #11; Turkish Trazel Gellatly #3 and backcross hybrid 'Lisa'; and C. heterophylla var. sutchuensis x C. avellana hybrid 'Estrella #1'. In a second test, exposure of potted trees under structures topped with diseased wood confirmed the complete resistance of 'Santiam', four pollinizers, and 'Ratoli'. However, a few small cankers were observed on 'Closca Molla' from Spain and OSU 729.012, with resistance from C. californica (A.DC.) Rose, in contrast to the results of earlier greenhouse inoculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on Santiam, a new hazelnut cultivar released by the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station in February 2005. Its nuts are borne in clusters of two to three in husks slightly shorter than the nuts. It generates fewer filled nuts and blanks. It has a dominant allele for eastern filbert blight resistance from Gasaway.