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1. The association between sedentary behavior and sarcopenia among adults aged ≥65 years in low-and middle-income countries

Author

Louis Jacob, Lee Smith, Deepti Adlakha, Mark A. Tully, Nicole E Blackburn, Ai Koyanagi, Paolo Caserotti, Pinar Soysal, Nicola Veronese, Guillermo Felipe López Sánchez, Davy Vancampfort, Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), University of Ulster, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), National Institute on Aging, NIA: 08-CN-0020, OGHA 04034785, R01‐AG034479, R21‐AG034263, Y1-AG-1005, Y1‐AG‐1005–01, YA1323– 08‐CN‐0020, This paper uses data from WHO?s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785, YA1323? 08-CN-0020, Y1-AG-1005?01 and through research grants R01-AG034479 and R21-AG034263., Funding: This paper uses data from WHO’s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785, YA1323– 08‐CN‐0020, Y1‐AG‐1005–01 and through research grants R01‐AG034479 and R21‐AG034263., SOYSAL, PINAR, Smith, L., Tully, M., Jacob, L., Blackburn, N., Adlakha, D., Caserotti, P., Soysal, P., Veronese, N., Sánchez, G.F.L., Vancampfort, D., and Koyanagi, A.

Subjects
Male, Sarcopenia, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, WORLD-HEALTH-ORGANIZATION, Logistic regression, Continuous variable, older adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Gait, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Low- and middle-income countries, Hand Strength, Sedentary behavior, musculoskeletal system, 3. Good health, PREVALENCE, TIME, OBESITY, Older adults, Income, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Article, Odds, SKELETAL-MUSCLE MASS, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Humans, OLDER-ADULTS, Aged, Science & Technology, business.industry, Public health, lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine.disease, body regions, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Cross-Sectional Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, Ageing, Low and middle income countries, FAT, Sedentary Behavior, business, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Environmental Sciences, Demography, low- and middle-income countries, older adults, sarcopenia, sedentary behavior
Abstract

The present study aimed to assess the association between sedentary behavior and sarcopenia among adults aged &ge, 65 years. Cross-sectional data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health were analyzed. Sarcopenia was defined as having low skeletal muscle mass and either a slow gait speed or a weak handgrip strength. Self-reported sedentary behavior was assessed as a continuous variable (hours per day) and also as a categorical variable (0&ndash, &lt, 4, 4&ndash, 8, 8&ndash, 11, &ge, 11 hours/day). Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between sedentary behavior and sarcopenia. Analyses using the overall sample and country-wise samples were conducted. A total of 14,585 participants aged &ge, 65 years were included in the analysis. Their mean age was 72.6 (standard deviation, 11.5) years and 55% were females. Compared to sedentary behavior of 0&ndash, 4 hours/day, &ge, 11hours/day was significantly associated with 2.14 (95% CI = 1.06&ndash, 4.33) times higher odds for sarcopenia. The country-wise analysis showed that overall, a one-hour increase in sedentary behavior per day was associated with 1.06 (95% CI = 1.04&ndash, 1.10) times higher odds for sarcopenia, while the level of between-country heterogeneity was low (I2 = 12.9%). Public health and healthcare practitioners may wish to target reductions in sedentary behavior to aid in the prevention of sarcopenia in older adults.

Published
2020

2. Fruit and vegetable consumption and sarcopenia among older adults in low- and middle-income countries

Author

Hans Oh, Louis Jacob, Ai Koyanagi, Lin Yang, Marco Solmi, Nicola Veronese, Lee Smith, Josep Maria Haro, Jae Il Shin, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), National Institute on Aging, NIA: OGHA 04034785, PI15/00862, R01‐AG034479, R21‐AG034263, Y1‐AG‐1005–01, YA1323–08‐CN‐0020 European Regional Development Fund, FEDER: ERDF?FEDER, Acknowledgments: This paper uses data from WHO’s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785, YA1323–08‐CN‐0020, Y1‐AG‐1005–01 and through research grants R01‐AG034479 and R21‐AG034263. Ai Koyanagi’s work is supported by the PI15/00862 project, integrated into the National R + D + I and funded by the ISCIII‐General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health Research and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF‐FEDER)., This paper uses data from WHO?s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785, YA1323?08?CN?0020, Y1?AG?1005?01 and through research grants R01?AG034479 and R21?AG034263. Ai Koyanagi?s work is supported by the PI15/00862 project, integrated into the National R + D + I and funded by the ISCIII?General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health Research and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF?FEDER)., Koyanagi, A., Veronese, N., Solmi, M., Oh, H., Shin, J.I., Jacob, L., Yang, L., Haro, J.M., and Smith, L.

Subjects
Male, Future studies, Logistic regression, Persones grans, older people, Eating, 0302 clinical medicine, Vegetables, vegetable, fruit, low- and middle-income countries, older people, sarcopenia, vegetable, low- and middle-income countries, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, 80 and over, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, Hand Strength, Smoking, Age Factors, 3. Good health, Income, Female, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Alcohol Drinking, Population, lcsh:TX341-641, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Article, Odds, sarcopenia, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, medicine, Humans, education, Developing Countries, Exercise, Poverty, Hortalisses, Adult health, Aged, Consumption (economics), business.industry, Low‐ and middle‐income countries, fruit, medicine.disease, Fruita, Cross-Sectional Studies, Low and middle income countries, Fruit, Sarcopenia, Older people, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, human activities, Food Science, Demography
Abstract

Fruit and vegetable consumption may protect against sarcopenia but there are no studies on this topic from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, we assessed this association among older adults from six LMICs. Community-based cross-sectional data of the Study on Global Aging and Adult Health were analyzed. Sarcopenia was defined as the presence of low skeletal muscle mass based on indirect population formula, and either slow gait or low handgrip strength. Quintiles of vegetable and fruit consumption were created based on the number of servings consumed on a typical day. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. The sample consisted of 14,585 individuals aged &ge, 65 years (mean (SD) age 72.6 (11.4) years, 55% females). Adjusted analyses showed that overall, compared to the lowest quintile (Q1), the highest quintile (Q5) of fruit consumption was associated with a 40% lower odds for sarcopenia (OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.42-0.84) but this association was largely driven by the strong association among females (e.g., Q5 vs. Q1 OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.24&minus, 0.73), with no significant associations found among males. Vegetable consumption was not significantly associated with sarcopenia. Future studies of longitudinal design may shed light on whether increasing fruit consumption among older females in LMICs may reduce risk for sarcopenia.

Published
2020