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1. Kinetic research on dechlorinating dichlorobenzene in aqueous system by nano-scale nickel/iron loaded with CMC/NFC hydrogel.

Author

Wan XF, Guo C, Liu Y, Chai XS, Li Y, and Chen G

Subjects
Cellulose chemistry, Iron chemistry, Models, Theoretical, Nanoparticles chemistry, Nickel chemistry, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Temperature, Chlorobenzenes chemistry, Halogenation, Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate chemistry, Kinetics
Abstract

In this study, we reported on the nano-scale nickel/iron particles loaded in carboxymethyl/nanofibrillated cellulose (CMC/NFC) hydrogel for the dechlorination of o-dichlorobenzene (DCB) in aqueous solution. The biodegradable hydrogel may provide an ideal supporting material for fastening the bimetallic nano-scale particles, which was examined and characterized by TEM, SEM-EDX, FT-IR and BET. The performance of the selected bimetallic particles was evaluated by conducting the dechlorination of DCB in the solution under different reaction conditions (e.g., pH, dosage of nickel/iron nanoparticles and temperature). The results showed that about 70% of DCB could be dechlorinated at 20 °C in 8 h, which indicated that the immobilized reactive material had a high reduction activity when Ni/Fe loading dosage in the hydrogel (18 wt%) was considered. Moreover, the reduction behavior agreed to the pseudo-first order reaction, in which the dechlorination rate was irrelative to the pH aqueous solution. A kinetic model for predicting the concentration of DCB during the reduction reaction was established based on the experimental data., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2018
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2. Organophosphate and brominated flame retardants in Australian indoor environments: Levels, sources, and preliminary assessment of human exposure

Author

Xianyu Wang, Andrew P.W. Banks, Phong K. Thai, Christie Gallen, Jochen F. Mueller, Chang He, Christine Baduel, Paul Bainton, Karin English, QAEHS, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of Queensland, Queensland Univ Technol, Int Lab Air Qual & Hlth, TRACES - Technologie et Recherche en Analyse Chimique pour l'Environnement et la Santé, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, This work was financially supported by the Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy and the University of Queensland (C02183). The authors would like to thank the owners of private houses and workers of offices who participated in this research. The authors also thank Dr. Daniel Drage for his experimental guidance, Dr. Michael Gallen and Dr. Laurence Hearn for their instrumental support, and the anonymous reviewers for their critical comments that helped to improve the quality of our paper. Mr. Chang He is supported by an International Postgraduate Research Scholarship granted by the Australian Government and a University of Queensland Centennial Scholarship granted by UQ. Prof. Jochen Mueller is funded by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FF120100546). Dr. Phong K. Thai is funded by a QUT VC Research Fellowship. Dr. Christine Baduel is funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR-16-ACHN-0026). Ms. Karin English is funded by an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship., and ANR-16-ACHN-0026,ACHILE,Evaluation de l'exposition environnementale enfantine via des techniques analytiques ciblees et non ciblees.(2016)

Subjects
Adult, Adolescent, Halogenation, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Indoor air, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, Body weight, 01 natural sciences, Young Adult, chemistry.chemical_compound, Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers, Humans, Ingestion, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Flame Retardants, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Inhalation, Organophosphate, Australia, Infant, Dust, Environmental Exposure, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Pollution, Organophosphates, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Human exposure, Air Pollution, Indoor, Child, Preschool, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

Concentrations of nine organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were measured in samples of indoor dust (n = 85) and air (n = 45) from Australian houses, offices, hotels, and transportation (buses, trains, and aircraft). All target compounds were detected in indoor dust and air samples. Median ∑9OPFRs concentrations were 40 μg/g in dust and 44 ng/m3 in indoor air, while median ∑8PBDEs concentrations were 2.1 μg/g and 0.049 ng/m3. Concentrations of FRs were higher in rooms that contained carpet, air conditioners, and various electronic items. Estimated daily intakes in adults are 14000 pg/kg body weight/day and 330 pg/kg body weight/day for ∑9OPFRs and ∑8PBDEs, respectively. Our results suggest that for the volatile FRs such as tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and TCIPP, inhalation is expected to be the more important intake pathway compared to dust ingestion and dermal contact.

Published
2018