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Septate uterus is the most common type of the congenital female genital tract malformation．However, clinicians are often confused by questions about its diagnosis and treatment. For example, what is the gold standard for the diagnosis? Is it possible that the outer shape of fundus of the uterus is abnormal? What are the indications for surgery of septate uterus (especially for those with shallow septa)? Which is the best way to monitor during the surgery of transcervical resection of septum (TCRS)? Is L-hook electrode or loop-shaped electrode used during TCRS? When can you make a correct judgment that the whole septum has been resected? During TCRS, if the lateral wall of the uterus convex to the uterine cavity, does it need simultaneous metroplasty? Whether or not an intrauterine device is needed to prevent postoperative intrauterine adhesion or the estrogen therapy is needed postoperatively to promote endometrial growth? What is the common cause of massive vaginal bleeding postoperatively? Different answers to those questions may directly affect the clinical decision-making of clinicians, and may also lead to misunderstanding of gynecologists. In the present article, we dedicate to reach a consensus related to the above questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]