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Nisitrus danum Robillard & Tan, 2021 (Figs 1–8) Nisitrus danum Robillard & Tan, 2021, in Tan et al. 2021a: 31 Material examined MALAYSIA — Sabah • 1J; Kawag Forest Reserve, near rest house; N5.0502 E117.98286, 134.7 m.a.s.l. (GPS SAB22_6); 14.v.2022; afternoon; on plant; call recording MNHN-SO-2023-1478; M.K. Tan & T. Robillard; MNHN-EO-ENSIF11344 • 1♀; Kawag Forest Reserve, near rest house; N5.0502 E117.98286, 134.7 m.a.s.l. (GPS SAB22_ 6); 14.v.2022; afternoon; on plant; molecular sample N67; M.K. Tan & T. Robillard; MNHN-EO-ENSIF11345 • 1♀ (photographed, not collected);Tabin Wildlife Reserve,Lipad mud volcano; N5.20967 E118.50732, 168.9m.a.s.l. (GPS SAB22_11); 16.v.2022; day; T. Robillard observation • 2 juveniles; Tabin Wildlife Reserve; N5.19534 E118.50365, 119.7 m.a.s.l. (GPS SAB22_9); 15.v.2022, night; molecular samples N65–N66; MNHN-EO-ENSIF10978– ENSIF10979 • 1 juvenile (not collected); Sepilok, Rainforest Discovery Centre; N5.87428 E117.93970, 1.x.2019 (Fig. 3B) • 1 juvenile; Lahad Datu, N4.962598 E117.801956; 19.viii.2022; twan3253 observation; https://www. inaturalist.org/observations/133043313 • 1♀; Lahad Datu, N4.964485 E117.803471; twan3253 observation; https:// www.inaturalist.org/observations/133303271 • 1♀; Lahad Datu, N4.965797 E117.800246; twan3253 observation; https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/133431471 Additional description Habitus as shown in Fig. 1A. Face, lateral lobes of pronotum and wide lateral band on FWs vivid yellow in living specimens (Figs 1A, 1B). Antennae with 2 main white rings, including 3–6 antennomeres and 2–3 thinner rings. Male. Metanotal gland well developed, as shown in Fig. 1C. FWs (Figs 1D, 1E) dorsal field anterior part black (cells and veins); harp and mirror area infuriated, with black veins; apical field with black cells and yellow veins. Harp with two straight oblique veins. Mirror large, not rounded, separated by one transverse vein. Vein c1 wide. Lateral field with a wide vivid yellow band including veins M, R and Sc, and bases of veins bifurcating from Sc; ventral part of lateral field shiny black, as in females. Male genitalia (Fig. 2) typical of genus, including ectophallic fold, endophallic sclerite, ectophallic arc and rami, but with pseudepiphallic lophi triangular and relatively stout in dorsal and profile views, narrowly spaced between pseudepiphallic lophi; pseudepiphallic parameres strongly bent at interno-anterior end. Juvenile (Fig. 3). Colouration pale yellow or white, characterised by numerous dark stripes all around body in early instars; antennae with 2 wide whitish rings as in adults. Measurements (in mm, means in brackets, N = 5 males). BL = 13.9–15.3 (14.6), PronL = 1.8–2.1 (1.9), PronW = 2.7–3.1 (2.9), FWL = 10.1–11.0 (10.4), FWW = 3.8–4.1 (3.9), HWT = 4.5–7.6 (6.6), FIIIL = 13.4–15.5 (14.5), FIIIW = 2.5–2.9 (2.6), TIIIL = 13.5–15.5 (14.4), Stridulatory teeth = 94–95. Comparison with N. vittatus Larger, with dark shiny lateral field of FWs in both sexes, below a vivid yellow band; face yellow with dark brown to black mouthparts (entirely yellow with a few dark spots in N. vittatus); adults and juveniles (Fig. 3) are recognisable by the larger white rings on antennae (2 main rings, with 3–6 white antennomeres, while antennae are almost entirely black with in N. vittatus, with at best thin rings). Comparison with N. musicus Similar in size, but differing by dark shiny lateral field of FWs in both sexes, below a vivid yellow band; face vivid yellow (whitish in N. musicus). Ecology Found in syntopy with Nisitrus vittatus, the latter species being much more abundant, and has been observed to be outnumbered by at least 10 to 1. The males and females were found inter-mixing with N. vittatus on large foliage of Leea indica along roads (forest edge) (Fig. 4). Similar to N. vittatus, this species tends to occur in open areas (Fig. 5). Distribution (Fig. 6) Borneo (Sabah: Danum Valley, Tawau Hill Park, Kawag Forest Reserve [new locality record], Sepilok Kabili Forest Reserve [new locality record], Tabin Wildlife Reserve [new locality record]) Calling song (9♁, 23°C, in captivity) The calling song consists of long homogeneous bouts (= trill) which can last between 3 s to more than 16 min (Fig. 7). The trill is made up of a sequence of short echemes. Each echeme is made up of two syllables and has an average duration of 41.3±2.1 ms (36.6–45.9 ms). The average interval between consecutive echemes is 50.1±5.2 ms (42.6–62.1 ms). On average, the first syllable has a slightly shorter duration of 15.2±0.8 ms (13.2–17.3 ms) than the second syllable with a duration of 16.0±1.2 ms (12.6–18.7 ms). The average interval between the two syllables is 10.0±1.0 ms (7.9–12.3 ms). The call spectrum consists of a series of harmonics with three distinct peaks in the first three harmonics: first harmonic (fundamental frequency) at 6.13±0.14 kHz (5.72–6.47 kHz), which is typically also the dominant frequency; second harmonic at 12.21±0.31 kHz (11.34–12.84 kHz); third harmonic at 18.32±0.43 kHz (16.97–19.22 kHz). While second and third harmonics are not dominant, their amplitude is high and sometimes almost co-dominate with the fundamental frequency. The calling song of N. danum is very distinct from that of the syntopic species, Nisitrus vittatus (see Tan et al., 2021a), by the echeme structure being made up of two syllables, rather than three syllables. The echeme duration is also distinctly longer in N. danum than in N. vittatus (average duration = 41.3 ms vs. 32.5 ms). Consequently, the syllable durations are also longer in N. danum than in N. vittatus. The interval between consecutive echemes is also distinctly longer in N. danum than in N. vittatus (average duration = 50.1 ms vs. 22.7 ms). Although the frequencies of N. danum is lower than that of N. vittatus, it could be an artefact of the lower ambient temperature when N. danum was recorded (23°C for N. danum vs. 27°C for N. vittatus). Despite morphological similarities between N. danum and N. musicus (also from Sabah, but specifically from Mount Kinabalu), there are also differences in their calling song. Both species have similar echeme structure made up of two syllables, but the echeme duration is distinctly longer in N. danum than in N. muscius (average duration = 41.3 ms vs. 29.7 ms). While the durations of the first and second syllables in each echeme are somewhat similar in N. danum (15.2 ms and 16.0 ms), those in N. musicus are drastically different (7.5 ms and 18.7 ms). We found that N. danum is also a diurnal species, similar to other Nisitrus (Fig. 8). The circadian rhythm of the calling activity was as follows: calling began at 6:00h in the morning and its activity increases to a maximum at 8h in the morning (amount of sound produced per hour = ca. 1683 s). This follows by a drop in calling activity. A second smaller peak in calling activity (amount of sound produced per hour = ca. 915 s) was detected in the afternoon around 16:00h. Most calling activity ceases at 19:00h in the evening. The two diurnal peaks were also observed in N. vittatus (see Tan & Robillard, 2021b) but they differ in that the highest peak for N. danum was in the morning whereas that for N. vittatus was in the afternoon., Published as part of Robillard, Tony, Tan, Ming Kai, Japir, Razy & Chung, Arthur Y. C., 2023, Notes on the Eneopterinae (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae) from eastern Sabah, pp. 231-250 in Zootaxa 5315 (3) on pages 233-240, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5315.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/8130509, {"references":["Tan, M. K. & Robillard, T. (2021 b) Highly diversified circadian rhythms in the calling activity of eneopterine crickets (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Gryllidae) from Southeast Asia. Bioacoustics, 31 (4), 470 - 489. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09524622.2021.1973562"]}

Genus Nisitrus Saussure, 1878 Type species: Nisitrus marginatus Walker, 1869 – According to the ICZN, and contrary to what was mentioned in the recent revision of the genus (Tan et al., 2021a), the type species should remain N. marginatus even though this name is a junior synonym of N. vittatus Haan., Published as part of Robillard, Tony, Tan, Ming Kai, Japir, Razy & Chung, Arthur Y. C., 2023, Notes on the Eneopterinae (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae) from eastern Sabah, pp. 231-250 in Zootaxa 5315 (3) on page 233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5315.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/8130509, {"references":["Saussure, H. (1878) Melanges orthopterologiques. VI. Fascicule Gryllides. Memoires de la Societe de Physique et d'Histoire naturelle de Geneve, 25 (2), 369 - 704 (505 - 834)."]}

Robillard, Tony, Tan, Ming Kai, Japir, Razy, Chung, Arthur Y.C. (2023): Notes on the Eneopterinae (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae) from eastern Sabah. Zootaxa 5315 (3): 231-250, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5315.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5315.3.2

Pendleburyella testacea Chopard, 1969 (Figs. 3, 7A, 8A) Pendleburyella testacea Chopard 1969: 218 Diagnosis (new). This species is characterised by a medium-sized habitus, the maxillary palps with the apical segment triangular, the mirror longer than broad, the dividing vein of the mirror roundly curved at the basal end, the apical part of FW longer. Material examined. Holotype: MALAYSIA • 1♁; Selangor, Bukit Kutu, 3300–3500 ft; 24 September 1932; coll. H.M. Pendlebury; 0019 (MP). Allotype: EAST MALAYSIA • 1♀; Sabah, Sandakan [N. Borneo, Bettotan, NR. Sandakan]; 7 August 1927; 0020 (MP). Remarks. The male genitalia of the holotype was not dissected and examined to minimise the risk of further damage to the old specimen. The female allotype from Borneo probably belongs a different species. Distribution. Malay Peninsula (Selangor). Type locality. MALAYSIA, Selangor, Bukit Kutu., Published as part of Tan, Ming Kai, Muhammad, Amira Aqilah & Wahab, Rodzay Bin Haji Abdul, 2023, The taxonomy and bioacoustics of the elusive crickets from the genus Pendleburyella Chopard, 1969 (Gryllidae: Pentacentrinae), pp. 131-148 in Zootaxa 5277 (1) on page 138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7893034, {"references":["Chopard, L. (1969) Grylloidea. In: Sewell, R. B. S. (Ed.), The fauna of India and the adjacent countries. Orthoptera. Vol. 2. Zoological Survey of India and Baptist Mission Press, Calcutta, pp. 1 - 421."]}

Pendleburyella vicina Chopard, 1969 (Figs. 7B, 8B, 10) Pendleburyella vicina Chopard 1969: 219 Diagnosis (new). This species is characterised by a small-sized habitus, the maxillary palps with the apical segment somewhat cylindrical to tear-shaped, the mirror about as long as broad, the dividing vein of the mirror broadly and roundly curved at the basal end, the apical part of FW shorter. Material examined. Holotype: MALAYSIA • 1♁; Kuala Lumpur, at light; 13 September 1932; coll. H.M. Pendlebury; 0018 (MP). Remarks. The type specimen is mouldy and badly damaged in the abdomen area. Distribution. Malay Peninsula (Selangor). Type locality. MALAYSIA, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur., Published as part of Tan, Ming Kai, Muhammad, Amira Aqilah & Wahab, Rodzay Bin Haji Abdul, 2023, The taxonomy and bioacoustics of the elusive crickets from the genus Pendleburyella Chopard, 1969 (Gryllidae: Pentacentrinae), pp. 131-148 in Zootaxa 5277 (1) on page 138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7893034, {"references":["Chopard, L. (1969) Grylloidea. In: Sewell, R. B. S. (Ed.), The fauna of India and the adjacent countries. Orthoptera. Vol. 2. Zoological Survey of India and Baptist Mission Press, Calcutta, pp. 1 - 421."]}

Pendleburyella sp. 2 (Figs. 7F, 8G, 14) Material examined. MALAYSIA • 1♁ (type); Selangor –Pahang, The Gap, 2700 ft, at light; 21 January 1939; coll. H.M. Pendlebury; (MP). Remarks. This old specimen from Selangor – Pahang shares the greatest resemblance with Pendleburyella eirmosa sp. nov., including the shapes of the apical and subapical segments of the maxillary palps, FWL/FWW, the shape of the dividing vein of mirror at the basal end and the extent of apical area of the FW. But there are also some morphological differences: smaller size, mirror length as long as broad (instead of longer than broad). As the two specimens were collected from two different parts of Southeast Asia and at different altitudes (and hence different habitats), we speculate that they belong to two different species. However, we also avoid describing and naming this species as the male genitalia is not available for the verification of the species status., Published as part of Tan, Ming Kai, Muhammad, Amira Aqilah & Wahab, Rodzay Bin Haji Abdul, 2023, The taxonomy and bioacoustics of the elusive crickets from the genus Pendleburyella Chopard, 1969 (Gryllidae: Pentacentrinae), pp. 131-148 in Zootaxa 5277 (1) on pages 145-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7893034

Pendleburyella pimela sp. nov. (Figs. 4, 5A, 6A, 6C, 6E, 7C, 8C, 9A–C, 11) Diagnosis. This species is characterised by a large-sized habitus, the maxillary palps with the apical segment also triangular (but more stout and broadly widened than Pendleburyella testacea); the FWs relatively broad (FWL/ FWW 2.5 in other species specimens); the mirror about as long as broad, the dividing vein of the mirror broadly and roundly curved at the basal end, the apical part of the FW shorter relative to the FWL (all of these similar to Pendleburyella vicina but this species is distinctly larger in size). The genitalia differs from that of Pendleburyella eirmosa sp. nov. by the pseudepiphallic lophi, in profile, cylindrical with roundly truncated apices (instead of dorso-ventrally flattened), the pseudepiphallic paramere ventral processes more elongated and in ventral view having acute apices (instead of obtuse apices); and the emargination between the dorsal and ventral processes pseudepiphallic paramere, in profile, narrowly angular (instead of broadly rounded). Etymology. The species name refers to the large habitus and relatively broad FWs (low FWL/FWW); pimele = fat in Greek. Material examined. Holotype: SINGAPORE • 1♁; Nee Soon freshwater swamp forest, along Woodcutter Trail; on leaf litter; 21 December 2022; coll. M.K. Tan & I. Neo; call recorded; (ZRC). Description. Very large species for this genus. Maxillary palpi with apical segment longest and expanded (triangular); with subapical segment cylindrical and expanded slightly distally, somewhat similar length as apical and third segments (Fig. 7C). Pronotal disc brown about 2.0 times as wide as long, widening posteriorly (posterior margin about 1.6 times as wide as anterior margin); anterior margin of disc broadly concave; posterior margin of disc slightly convex (Fig. 6A). Pronotal lateral lobe 2.3 times as long as high (Fig, 7C). Male. FW 2.4 times as long as broad (Fig. 8C), covering abdomen and slightly surpassing apex of FIII. Venation (Fig. 8C): 1A vein transverse, faintly curved; diagonal substraight, with 3 distinct oblique veins in harp area; posterior two oblique veins substraight,join at base near1A,anterior most vein distinctly shorter and running nearly perpendicular to 1A. Mirror about 1.1 times as long as wide, dividing vein broadly curved at basal end. Lateral field around 10 branches on Sc (Fig. 6E). Apical field 0.09 times as long as FWL (Fig. 8C). Hind wings clearly surpassing FWs. ♁ genitalia (Figs. 9A–C). Pseudepiphallus [epiphallus] typical of genus. Posterior end of pseudepiphallus [epiphallus] produced into two tongue-shaped lobular pseudepiphallic lophi [posterolateral epiphallic lobe] with obtuse apices. These lophi, in profile, cylindrical with roundly truncated apices. Pseudepiphallic paramere [ectoparamere] very elongated with ventral process well surpassing pseudepiphallic lophi; all processes with apex acute. Dorsal process of pseudepiphallic paramere distinctly shorter than ventral process barely surpassing pseudepiphallic lophi. Ventral process of pseudepiphallic paramere distinctly more sclerotized along inner margin. In profile, emargination between dorsal and ventral processes narrowly angular. Ectophallic fold [rachis] typical of genus; in profile tapering into acute apex, with anterior margin concave and posterior margin straight. Measurements (♂, in mm). BL = 9.5; BWL = 13.3; HL = 1.1; PronL = 1.4; PronW = 2.8; FWL = 7.9; FWW = 3.3; HWT = 3.3; FIIIL = 5.4; TIIIL = 3.9; TaIIIL = 1.5. Ecology. The species was found dwelling among thick leaf litter in freshwater swamp forest. Distribution. Malay Peninsula (SINGAPORE). Type locality. SINGAPORE Calling song (1♂, in captivity, 29.0°C) (Fig. 11). The male was observed to call between 22h00 and 23h30, each night having 2–4 bouts of continuous trill. The calling song is a loud continuous trill, typically lasting around 2–5 min when left undisturbed. The trill is made up of closely-packed syllables with an average duration of 9.7±1.5 ms (5.9–14.2 ms). The average syllable period is 14.5±0.8 ms (10.8–17.1 ms). There is no distinct downtime between syllables. The frequency spectrum is pure-tonal and forms a harmonic, with the energy peaking at the fundamental frequency. The dominant frequency is 8.14±0.08 kHz (7.78–8.34 kHz)., Published as part of Tan, Ming Kai, Muhammad, Amira Aqilah & Wahab, Rodzay Bin Haji Abdul, 2023, The taxonomy and bioacoustics of the elusive crickets from the genus Pendleburyella Chopard, 1969 (Gryllidae: Pentacentrinae), pp. 131-148 in Zootaxa 5277 (1) on pages 138-142, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7893034

Pendleburyella eirmosa sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 5B, 6B, 6D, 6F, 7D, 8D, 9D–F) Diagnosis. This species is characterised by a medium-sized habitus (similar to Pendleburyella testacea), the maxillary palps with the apical segment also somewhat rectangular (similar to that of Pendleburyella vicina but stouter); the mirror longer than broad, the dividing vein of the mirror broadly and roundly curved at the basal end; the apical part of FW longer relative to the FWL. The genitalia also differs from that of Pendleburyella pimela sp. nov. (see the diagnosis for the latter species). Etymology. The species name refers to the broadly rounded emargination between the dorsal and ventral processes of the pseudepiphallic paramere (distinguished from the narrowly angular emargination in Pendleburyella pimela sp. nov.); eirmós = continuity in Ancient Greek. Material examined. Holotype: BRUNEI DARUSSALAM • 1♁; Belait District, Wasai Wong Kadir Recreational Park; N4.34186, E114.44611, 35.8± 5.2 m.a.s.l.; 1 March 2019, 18h54; calling on a leaf; coll. M.K. Tan & H. Yeo; BRU.19.47 (UBDM) Photograph examined. BRUNEI DARUSSALAM • 1♁; Temburong District, Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, along Ashton Trail; N4.54619, E115.15690, 110.8± 6.9 m.a.s.l.; 26 July2017, dusk; on leaf litter; photographed M.K. Tan (Fig. 1). Description. Medium-sized species for this genus. Maxillary palpi with apical segment stout and cylindrical to somewhat rectangular; with subapical segment very stout, distinctly shorter than apical and third segments (Fig. 7D). Pronotal disc brown, about 1.7 times as wide as long, widening posteriorly (posterior margin about 1.6 times as wide as anterior margin); anterior margin of disc somewhat straight; posterior margin of disc slightly convex (Fig. 6B). Pronotal lateral lobe 2.0 times as long as high (Fig. 7D). Male. FW 2.6 times as long as broad (Fig. 8D), covering abdomen and slightly surpassing apex of FIII. Venation (Fig. 8D): 1A vein transverse, faintly sinuous; diagonal faintly bent, with 3 distinct oblique veins in harp area; posterior two oblique veins parallel to each other, anterior most vein distinctly shorter and running nearly along length of FW. Mirror about 1.2 times as long as wide, dividing vein broadly curved at basal end. Lateral field around 7 branches on Sc (Fig. 6F). Apical field 0.11 times as long as FWL (Fig. 8D). Hind wings clearly surpassing FWs. ♁ genitalia (Figs. 9D–F). Pseudepiphallus [epiphallus] typical of genus. Posterior end of pseudepiphallus [epiphallus] produced into two lobular pseudepiphallic lophi [posterolateral epiphallic lobe], in dorsal view tongue-shaped with apex obtuse; more broadly emarginated between latero-apical lobules; in profile distinctly flattened. Pseudepiphallic paramere [ectoparamere] not surpassing pseudepiphallic lophi, sclerotized, also slender and tapering into subacute apex. Dorsal process of pseudepiphallic paramere not surpassing ventral process. Ventral process of pseudepiphallic paramere obtuse at apex in ventral view. In profile, emargination between dorsal and ventral processes of pseudepiphallic paramere broadly rounded. Ectophallic fold [rachis] typical of genus; in profile slenderer. Measurements (♂, in mm). BL = 6.5; BWL = 10.1; HL = 0.9; PronL = 1.2; PronW = 2.0; FWL = 6.2; FWW = 2.4; HWT = 2.1; FIIIL = 4.0; TIIIL = 3.1; TaIIIL = 1.6. Ecology. The species was found dwelling among the leaf litter as well as on the leaves of shrub/small trees. Distribution. Borneo (BRUNEI DARUSSALAM, Belait). Type locality. BRUNEI DARUSSALAM, Belait.

Pendleburyella sp. 1 (Figs. 7E, 8F, 13) Material examined. MALAYSIA • 1♁ (type); Kuala Lumpur; 5 March 1939; 0021 (MP). Remarks. This specimen is small among the other specimens, and is most easily characterised by the very slender FWs and the distinctly longer than broad mirror. The dividing vein of the mirror at the basal end is strongly and distinctly angularly curved, unlike the other specimens examined. It is also clearly different from the holotype of Pendleburyella vicina from Kuala Lumpur by the apical segment of the maxillary palps and the slenderer FWs(Table1)., Published as part of Tan, Ming Kai, Muhammad, Amira Aqilah & Wahab, Rodzay Bin Haji Abdul, 2023, The taxonomy and bioacoustics of the elusive crickets from the genus Pendleburyella Chopard, 1969 (Gryllidae: Pentacentrinae), pp. 131-148 in Zootaxa 5277 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7893034

Genus Pendleburyella Chopard, 1969 Chopard, 1969: 217 Type species. Pendleburyella testacea Chopard, by original designation (Fig. 3) Diagnosis (new). Small brown crickets. Among Pentacentrinae, this genus differs most prominently by the male FWs with a fully developed stridulatory apparatus (the diagonal vein substraight, three oblique veins in the harp area, a large mirror with a distinct dividing vein). The male genitalia: the pseudepiphallus [epiphallus] is elongated and gently narrows posteriorly into two tongue-shaped, obtuse lobular pseudepiphallic lophi [posterolateral epiphallic lobe]. The pseudepiphallic parameres [ectoparameres] are strongly sclerotized, elongated and forming dorsal and ventral subacute processes. The ectophallic fold [rachis] is weakly sclerotized, forming a process with an acute apex pointing perpendicular to the pseudepiphallus (in profile view). The endophallic sclerite [formula (= mold of spermatophore attachment plate)] is small and elongated, with two lateral arms. The ectophallic apodeme [endoparameral apodeme] is very long. Redescription. Small cricket, generally brown or yellow brown (Figs. 1, 4, 5). Head rounded, a little wider than anterior margin of pronotum, with dorsum slightly flattened, vertex sloping, very finely pubescent (Figs. 6A, 6B). Frontal rostrum dark-coloured, about two times as wide as scapes, with apex truncated (in dorsal view) (Figs. 6A, 6B). Eyes globular, feebly projected anteriorly in dorsal view (Figs. 6A, 6B). Antennae inserted at level midpoint of eye in anterior view (Figs. 6C, 6D). Median ocellus round and small; lateral ocelli oval, located near eyes (Figs. 6C, 6D). Maxillary palpi with apical segment longest and expanded (triangular or slightly broadening apically); with subapical segment cylindrical and shorter than apical and third segments (Fig. 7). Face brown, in anterior view about 0.7–0.8 times as tall as wide (Figs. 6C, 6D). Pronotal disc brown about 1.6–2.0 times as wide as long, widening posteriorly (posterior margin about 1.3–1.6 times as wide as anterior margin); anterior margin of disc nearly straight to broadly concave; posterior margin of disc nearly straight to slightly convex (Figs. 6A, 6B). Pronotal lateral lobe about 1.8–2.3 times as long as high (Fig. 7). TI slightly swollen; with inner and outer tympana open and having oval tympanal membrane. TIII with 3 inner and 4 outer long subapical spurs; with 2–4 denticles between spines; 4 denticles before most proximal spines; and with 2 inner spurs (apical spines) longer than corresponding 3 outer ones. Legs generally pale brown. Thoracic and abdominal segments yellow brown to brown (Figs. 6E, 6F). Male. FWs covering abdomen and slightly surpassing apex of FIII. Colouration: yellow brown, with veins darker (Fig. 8). Venation: 1A vein transverse, faintly curved; diagonal substraight, with three distinct oblique veins in harp area; posterior two oblique vein more or less straight and long, anteriormost vein distinctly shorter and running nearly perpendicular to 1A. Mirror about 1.1–1.5 times as long as wide, dividing vein curved at basal end (Fig. 8). Lateral field around 7–10 branches on Sc (Figs. 6E, 6F). Hind wings clearly surpassing FWs. ♁ genitalia as shown in Fig. 9: Pseudepiphallus [epiphallus] elongated, gently narrowing posteriorly. Posterior end of pseudepiphallus produced into two lobular pseudepiphallic lophi [posterolateral epiphallic lobe], in dorsal view tongue-shaped; emarginated between latero-apical lobules in dorsal view; in profile variable (e.g., cylindrical or flattened), with a few setae. Pseudepiphallic paramere [ectoparamere] strongly sclerotized, elongated with dorsal and ventral processes (emarginated in profile); each process tapered into a slender and slightly hooked-like apical third with apex acute. Ectophallic fold [rachis] weakly sclerotized, rather long but weakly sclerotized, pointing perpendicular to pseudepiphallus; in profile tapering into acute apex. Endophallic sclerite [formula (= mold of spermatophore attachment plate)] small and elongated, with two lateral arms. Ectophallic apodeme [endoparameral apodeme] widened posteriorly, otherwise long, slender and substraight. Rachis weakly sclerotized. Distribution. Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Published as part of Tan, Ming Kai, Muhammad, Amira Aqilah & Wahab, Rodzay Bin Haji Abdul, 2023, The taxonomy and bioacoustics of the elusive crickets from the genus Pendleburyella Chopard, 1969 (Gryllidae: Pentacentrinae), pp. 131-148 in Zootaxa 5277 (1) on pages 134-137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7893034, {"references":["Chopard, L. (1969) Grylloidea. In: Sewell, R. B. S. (Ed.), The fauna of India and the adjacent countries. Orthoptera. Vol. 2. Zoological Survey of India and Baptist Mission Press, Calcutta, pp. 1 - 421."]}

Pendleburyella sp. “ intermedia Chopard” (Figs. 8E, 12) Material examined. MALAYSIA • 1♁ (type); Pahang, Fraser’s Hill, at light; 12 July 1936; 0017 (MP). Remarks. The ‘type’ specimen was identified as “ Pendleburya intermedia ” by Chopard, but we did not find the original description of this species in Chopard (1969) where the genus and species were first described. We also did not find other publications where this species was mentioned, and consequently it was also not found in the Orthoptera Species File (Cigliano et al., 2023). This specimen is large and shows clear differences with Pendleburyella sp. 2 from Selangor – Pahang, The Gap (not too far from Fraser’s Hill) (Table 1). Unfortunately, the specimen also appeared damaged at the abdominal apex and the male genitalia may be lost. As the male genitalia was not available, we did not describe and name this species unless newer material from Fraser’s Hill can be collected., Published as part of Tan, Ming Kai, Muhammad, Amira Aqilah & Wahab, Rodzay Bin Haji Abdul, 2023, The taxonomy and bioacoustics of the elusive crickets from the genus Pendleburyella Chopard, 1969 (Gryllidae: Pentacentrinae), pp. 131-148 in Zootaxa 5277 (1) on page 144, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7893034, {"references":["Chopard, L. (1969) Grylloidea. In: Sewell, R. B. S. (Ed.), The fauna of India and the adjacent countries. Orthoptera. Vol. 2. Zoological Survey of India and Baptist Mission Press, Calcutta, pp. 1 - 421.","Cigliano, M. M., Braun, H., Eades, D. C. & Otte, D. (2023) Orthoptera Species File Online. Version 5 (5.0). Available from: http: // orthoptera. speciesfile. org / HomePage / Orthoptera / HomePage. aspx (accessed 14 March 2023)"]}

Platybinthus striolatus (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1898) gen. et comb. nov. Figs 2–3, 4A–D, 5B, E, 6B, 7A, C, 8A–C, H Paraeneopterus striolatus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1898: 279. Lebinthus striolatus – Kirby 1906: 88. — Karny 1915: 68. — Shiraki 1930: 233. — Chopard 1968: 354. — Hsiung 1993: 26. — Ichikawa et al. 2000: 275. Diagnosis Platybinthus striolatus gen. et comb. nov. differs from P. punctatus gen. et comb. nov. by smaller size and by female copulatory papilla with apex narrowed and obtusely rounded. It also differs from Platybinthus sandyi gen. et sp. nov. by male genitalia with pseudepiphallus dorsal disk smaller, margins at the apex tapering (instead of straight) and by pseudepiphallic parameres with ventral lobe cylindrical (instead of appearing triangular and flattened). Material examined Holotype INDONESIA – Maluka • ♂ (juvenile); Halmaheira [Halmahera Island]; W. Kükenthal leg.; Brunner v. W. det.; DORSA FG; #Orth.57; SMFD. Additional specimens INDONESIA – Maluka • 1 ♀; Halmaheira [= Halmahera Island]; 1894; W. Kükenthal leg.; 21.852; MNHN-ENSIF1449 • 1 ♂; prov. Maluka Utara [northern Maluka], Halmahera Island, env. of vill. Subaim to S from vill. Lolobata (not far of it) near coast of Wasile Bay; 27 Jan.–1 Feb. 2011; A. Gorochov leg.; molecular sample L81-Lpc1; GenBank accession: OP684788 and OP686542; ZIN. Remarks The type (holotype) specimen in SMFD is a male juvenile. It is the only known specimen of the species, and probably the only specimen examined by Brunner von Wattenwyl (1898), according to the measurements that he provided. Given the general shape and colouration pattern on the legs, we hypothesise here that this juvenile belongs to the same species as the adult specimens from Halmahera found in MNHN and ZIN, and differing from the type of the species P. punctatus gen. et comb. nov. Although the evidence is weak, and not being able to sequence the old type juvenile, we refrained from describing a new species from these adult specimens; instead we propose to stabilise the name P. striolatus gen. et comb. nov. by redescribing the species based on them. As a consequence of the very brief original description and limited characters available on the type specimen, the name Lebinthus striolatus has been mentioned multiple times in databases, books and publications based on erroneous identifications of specimens of other species of Lebinthus from Taiwan (e.g., Shiraki 1930; Ichikawa et al. 2000). Those specimens and records probably correspond to one of the two species of Lebinthina documented in Taiwan, Lebinthus lanyuensis Oshiro, 1996 or Falcerminthus yaeyamensis (Oshiro, 1996), which were wrongly identified as Lebinthus striolatus based on their colouration matching the evocative ‘striolated’ name. Redescription Size small for the genus (Fig. 4A–D). Vertex and fastigium very dark brown; dorsum of head at posterior end with three longitudinal pale bands (Fig. 5B); back of eyes with a cream-coloured band. Scapes white, with some dark patterns (more in the ventral). Antennae orange brown. Fastigium verticis and frons dark grey-brown (Fig. 5E). Mouthparts whitish, mandibles grey-brown mottled with white; clypeus and labrum white; maxillary palpi with segments white with some dark stripes (more prominent on external surface) (Fig. 5E). Gena grey with a triangular white spot beneath eyes and two small white spots nearer to mouthparts. Lateral parts of head dark brown behind eyes (Fig. 6B). Pronotum dorsal disk yellow mottled with dark brown, anterior and posterior margins straight; lateral lobes very dark brown (Fig. 6B). Legs: FI–II pale with numerous dark brown spots and incomplete ring near apices, knee area dark brown; TI–II pale with three broad dark brown rings; tarsomeres 1 and 3 of each leg yellow basally then brown; FIII brown finely mottled with yellow and dark brown, knees dark brown; TIII homogeneously dark brown, spurs lighter brown with dark tips. Abdominal tergites dark brown with faint dark and light spots. Cerci brown with faint apical rings. Male FW reaching apex of third tergite. FW colouration (Fig. 7A): dorsal field cells mostly brown, plectrum area and basal area darker, with two faint pale spots at the basal and apical end of Cu and M; veins whitish or cream-coloured; M yellow brown, R orange brown. Lateral field cells dark brown in dorsal half and whitish in ventral half; longitudinal veins red brown with cross-veins cream-coloured. FW venation: harp vein bordering false mirror strongly sinuous. Anal area of dorsal field extending beyond apex lateral field, apex of dorsal field obliquely rounded. GENITALIA (Fig. 8A–C). Pseudepiphallus elongate and slender, its basal margin distinctly indented in the middle, posterior apex rounded, slightly swollen at the apex. Rami short, shorter than half the pseudepiphallus length. Pseudepiphallic parameres with ventral lobe cylindrical. Ectophallic apodemes parallel and long, slightly reaching beyond anterior margin of pseudepiphallic sclerite. Endophallic sclerite with long anterior region not reaching anterior margin of pseudepiphallic sclerite and a short median expansion and small lateral arms posteriorly. Endophallic apodeme with lateral lamellae curved and pointing anteriorly. Female FWs reaching middle of fourth tergite, faintly overlapping. Cells of dorsal field dark brown, not translucent, with strong orange longitudinal veins and weak yellow transverse ones; with 9 longitudinal veins on dorsal field, 4 on lateral field (Fig. 7C). Dorsal field apex truncated, lateral field posterior margin oblique. GENITALIA. Ovipositor as long as FIII, apex slightly denticulate dorsally. Copulatory papilla rounded; basal sclerite forming a semi-circular ring with a small basal plate; apex narrowed and obtusely rounded (Fig. 8H). Measurements See Table 1. Ecology Unknown. Distribution INDONESIA: Maluka: Halmahera Island. Type locality INDONESIA: Maluka: Halmahera Island. Calling song Unknown., Published as part of Robillard, Tony & Tan, Ming Kai, 2023, Platybinthus, a new genus of Lebinthina crickets (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Eneopterinae) from Maluka, Indonesia, pp. 46-66 in European Journal of Taxonomy 856 (1) on pages 58-61, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.856.2027, http://zenodo.org/record/7544313, {"references":["Brunner von Wattenwyl H. H. 1898. Orthopteren des Malayischen Archipels gesammelt von Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal in den Jahren 1893 and 1894. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 24 (2): 193 - 288.","Kirby W. F. 1906. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera (Orthoptera Saltatoria, Locustidae vel Acridiidae). Vol. 2. Orthoptera Saltatoria. Part I. (Achetidae et Phasgonuridae). British Museum (Natural History), London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6745","Karny H. H. 1915. Orthoptera et Oothecaria (H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute). Supplementa Entomologica 4: 56 - 108.","Shiraki T. 1930. Orthoptera of the Japanese Empire. Part I. (Gryllotalpidae and Gryllidae). Insecta Matsumurana 4 (4): 181 - 252.","Chopard L. 1968. Fam. Gryllidae: Subfam. Mogoplistinae, Myrmecophilinae, Scleropterinae, Cachoplistinae, Pteroplistinae, Pentacentrinae, Phalangopsinae, Trigonidiinae, Eneopterinae; Fam. Oecanthidae, Gryllotalpidae. In: Beier M. (ed.) Orthopterorum Catalogus 12: 213 - 500. Uitgeverij Dr. W. Junk N. V. ' s, Gravenhage.","Hsiung C. - C. 1993. Catalogue of species and type localities of Taiwanese crickets (Gryllodea, Grlloptera). Yushania 10: 19 - 29.","Ichikawa A., Murai T. & Honda E. 2000. Monograph of Japanese crickets (Orthoptera; Grylloidea). Bulletin of the Hoshizaki Green Foundation 4: 257 - 332."]}

Genus Platybinthus gen. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 31113AC2-ED96-4949-95A5-E8F0879B351B Type species Piestodactylus punctatus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1898. Diagnosis Among the genera of Lebinthina, species of Platybinthus are average to large sized with a dark brown colouration. Platybinthus is mainly characterised by male genitalia with pseudepiphallus middle part forming a dorsal ovular disk. General shape close to that of Macrobinthus and Rugabinthus, both mostly from New Guinea. Eyes prominent and large as in Macrobinthus and Rugabinthus. Microptery in both sexes, FWs not reaching mid-length of abdomen. Female FWs shorter than in males, very slightly overlapping, rounded posteriorly as in Macrobinthus and Rugabinthus. Ovipositor nearly as long as FIII; apex faintly denticulate dorsally. Copulatory papilla conical, with a wide basal sclerite and a well-developed apex slightly sclerotized and indented. Male FWs more resemble that of Macrobinthus, from which it slightly differs by main oblique vein partly differentiating a false mirror in harp posterior angle. Likewise, mirror only slightly differentiated, as in Macrobinthus. CuA clearly curved inwards posteriorly, as in Macrobinthus (almost straight in Rugabinthus). Some characters of male genitalia more resemble some species of Rugabinthus in that it is elongated and slender, its basal margin distinctly indented in the middle and the posterior apex spoon-like, without paired lophi. In contrast, Platybinthus differs from Rugabinthus by the male FWs with a shield-shaped harp (triangleshaped in Rugabinthus) and absence of strong diagonal fold carrying diagonal vein and cell c1, and separating FWs in two distinct areas (characteristic feature of Rugabinthus). The new genus also differs by hind legs distinctly longer (twice as long as body size). Etymology Genus named after the old genus name ‘ Platydactylus ’ to which several early described eneopterine species belonged, including the type species, before the name was recognised as an homonym of a genus of Squamata Oppel, 1811. Therefore we use the prefix ‘ Platy ’ (referring to Platydactylus) with the suffix ‘ binthus ’ referring to Lebinthina. Description Size medium for the subtribe (Figs 1–2, 4). Dorsum of head rounded, prolonged by rectangular fastigium distinctly wider than long (Fig. 4A–C). Head dorsum uniformly black (Fig. 5A–C). Eyes large and prominent. Head roundly triangular in facial view, almost as wide as high (Fig. 5D–F). Face finely rugulose, colouration usually cream-coloured and with lateral parts dark (Fig. 5D–F). Maxillary palpi with apical and subapical segments cream-coloured (slightly darkened apically), other segments black. Ocelli large, pale-coloured, forming a rather wide triangle; median ocellus rounded, lateral ocelli similar sized and rounded. Scapes small. Antenna with basal segments cream-coloured with tint of black, otherwise dark. Lateral part of head black with a narrow yellow band behind eyes (Fig. 6). Pronotum dorsal disk trapezoidal, on average 1.6 times as wide as long, its anterior margin distinctly emarginated in the middle, posterior margin straight, mostly black. Lateral lobes longer than wide, uniformly black (Fig. 6). Legs (Figs 1–2, 4): TI with two tympana; inner tympanum covered by a flat sclerotized expansion, its membrane visible along a small longitudinal slit only; outer tympanum ellipsoidal, its membrane transversally plicate in dorsal half. TI with two inner and two outer apical spurs. TII with two inner and two outer spurs. Hind legs very long (twice as long as body size); FIII muscular; TIII serrulated on their whole length, with four pairs of subapical spurs and three pairs of apical spurs; inner spurs long and curved, outer spurs shorter and straight. Legs I and II light brown to yellow brown, femora with brown spots and longitudinal patterns, tibiae with rings. TaIII-1 with 4–5 spines on dorsal outer edge and without any on dorsal inner edge. TIIIs and tarsomeres brown with spines and spurs with dark apices. FWs short, barely reaching abdomen mid-length; hind wings absent. Cerci well developed. Abdomen: tergites dark brown, with faint pale spots along posterior margins. Male Metanotal glands absent. Dorsal field of FWs slightly shorter than lateral field. FWs 1.4–1.6 times as long as wide, on average 1.7 times as long as pronotum dorsal disk. FW venation (Fig. 7A–B): 1A vein (file) transverse part straight, bisinuate anteriorly to angle, forming a notch in most species. Diagonal vein strong. Harp shield-shaped, with a characteristic fold, longer than wide, occupying approximately half of dorsal field surface, with a strong transverse, bisinuate harp vein, and a secondary one in anterior corner of harp. Cell c1 widened posteriorly. CuA anterior part strong throughout, slightly curved inward near apex. Mirror (d1) little differentiated from other cells of D alignment. Apical field very short, including one cell alignment posterior to mirror. Lateral field with four strong longitudinal veins ventral to Sc; Sc without projection. Subgenital plate elongated, clog-shaped. Epiproct and subgenital plate brown. GENITALIA (Fig. 8A–F). Pseudepiphallus elongate and slender, its basal margin distinctly indented in the middle; median part of pseudepiphallus forming a dorsal ovular disk dorsally; posterior apex elongated, without paired lophi, forming a median spoon-like expansion shorter than rest of pseudepiphallus. Rami short, shorter than half of pseudepiphallus length. Pseudepiphallic parameres average sized, ventral lobe strongly sclerotized. Ectophallic apodemes parallel and long, usually reaching beyond anterior margin of pseudepiphallic sclerite. Ectophallic arc well sclerotized, curved. Ectophallic fold with two ventral sclerites of variable shapes, extending posteriorly but not reaching posterior apex of pseudepiphallus. Endophallic sclerite comprising a long and straight anterior region, a short median expansion and short lateral arms posteriorly. Endophallic apodeme with well-developed lateral lamellae and a triangular dorsal median crest. Female FWs very short, not reaching base of first tergite, very slightly overlapping. Cells of dorsal field brown, dorsal field with strong orange longitudinal veins and very weak yellow transverse ones; lateral field with four longitudinal veins (Fig. 7C–D). Posterior corner between dorsal and lateral fields forming an acute angle. Dorsal field apex oblique. GENITALIA (Fig. 8G–H). Ovipositor rather short, apex faintly denticulate dorsally. Copulatory papilla conical, with a wide basal sclerite and a well-developed apex slightly sclerotized and indented. Distribution INDONESIA: Halmahera Island of Maluka and nearby island of Morotai. Included species Platybinthus punctatus (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1898) gen. et comb. nov. from Halmahera Island, Indonesia. Platybinthus striolatus (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1898) gen. et comb. nov. from Halmahera Island, Indonesia. Platybinthus sandyi gen. et sp. nov. from Morotai Island, Indonesia., Published as part of Robillard, Tony & Tan, Ming Kai, 2023, Platybinthus, a new genus of Lebinthina crickets (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Eneopterinae) from Maluka, Indonesia, pp. 46-66 in European Journal of Taxonomy 856 (1) on pages 51-56, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.856.2027, http://zenodo.org/record/7544313, {"references":["Brunner von Wattenwyl H. H. 1898. Orthopteren des Malayischen Archipels gesammelt von Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal in den Jahren 1893 and 1894. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 24 (2): 193 - 288."]}