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Copper/graphite composites and copper/graphite/Ti 2 SnC composites were fabricated through the process of ball-milling, pressing and sintering. The effects of Ti 2 SnC as the second lubrication component on the mechanical properties, wear resistance and lubrication properties of copper/graphite composites were studied in this paper. The results showed that copper/graphite/Ti 2 SnC composites had better hardness, impact toughness, wear resistance and lubrication performance than copper/graphite composites. The optimum values of hardness, impact toughness, friction coefficient and wear rate of copper/graphite/Ti 2 SnC composites were, respectively, 56 HSD, 1.8J/cm2, 0.15, 9.126 × 10−6 mm3/N·m, while these were only 45 HSD, 1.2 J/cm2, 0.17, 3.534 × 10−4 mm3/N·m of copper/graphite composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• TiC particles in the composites were synthesized by in-situ decomposition of Ti 3 AlC 2. • The interfacial bond strength between the copper matrix and graphite was strengthened through the presence of a TiC layer. • Copper-graphite-TiC composites were analyzed by XRD, SEM and EDS. Copper-graphite-TiC composites were prepared by gas pressure sintering, using copper-coated graphite, pure copper, and Ti 3 AlC 2 as the raw materials. The phase composition and microstructure of copper-graphite-TiC composites have been studied. The results indicate that a strong interdiffusion occurred between the copper matrix and Ti 3 AlC 2 during the sintering process. Ti 3 AlC 2 was completely decomposed into TiC, and a TiC interface transition layer was formed to enhance the bonding strength between the copper matrix and graphite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu-graphite-Cr 3 C 2 composites were synthesized via spark plasma sintering (SPS) using different gas environments, including argon and air, to blend the raw materials consisting of Cr 2 AlC, Cu-coated graphite, and pure Cu. The microstructure and physical properties of the composites were thoroughly investigated. The findings revealed that Cr 3 C 2 , synthesized in situ from Cr 2 AlC, was firmly embedded in the Cu matrix. Additionally, a layer of Cr 3 C 2 was formed at the interface between the Cu matrix and graphite. The composites showed a high relative density, which above 96 %. The composites fabricated with the raw materials mixed in an argon gas environment had a hardness of 72.6 HSD and an electrical conductivity of 1.102 × 106 S·m−1. Whereas, the hardness and electrical conductivity of the composites fabricated with the raw materials mixed in an air gas environment increased to 75.6 HSD and 1.314 × 106 S·m−1, respectively. Furthermore, Cu-graphite-Cr 3 C 2 composites fabricated with the raw materials mixed in air rather than argon exhibited better lubrication performance and wear resistance, the average friction coefficient and wear rate were measured to be 0.4644 and 2.682 × 10−7 mm3/N·m, respectively. • Cu-graphite-Cr 3 C 2 composites were prepared with copper-coated graphite, copper and Cr 2 AlC. • Cr 3 C 2 was synthesized from Cr 2 AlC in situ. • The microstructure and properties of Cu-graphite-Cr 3 C 2 composites were investigated. • The composites samples were analyzed by XRD, SEM and EDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]