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A crucial thermophysical problem in ensuring effective cooling from high-power heat generating devices has been extremely important recently. Various approaches are used to create new polymer composite materials with increased thermal conductivity. As the most common method, the creation of a percolation structure is investigated. It was proposed to use carbon felt (Carbopon) as a three-dimensional reinforcement of a polymer composite material. In the present work, the main technological approaches of the composite material production were considered: the felt direct impregnation with a suspension of an aluminum nitride and graphite mechanical mixture in silicone rubber; dilution of the suspension by adding a solvent and ultrasonic treatment of the curing material. Despite the initial low thermal conductivity of carbopone (0.07 Wꞏm−1ꞏK−1), composite materials with a thermal conductivity value of up to 0.93 Wꞏm−1ꞏK−1 were obtained. This made it possible to formulate the main technological techniques for obtaining new three-dimensional reinforced composite materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]