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A novel graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) bridge between two semiconductors (AgBr and graphitic carbon nitride) was created to boost photoelectrochemical performance. The heterojunction created makes the whole system a Z-scheme catalyst. For the construction of this catalyst, the syringe pump methodology was adopted and different analytical techniques were used for the confirmation of structure and morphology. High angle annular dark field (HAADF), dark field (DF), DF-4 and DF-2 techniques, using Z-contrast phenomena, confirmed the heterostructure (ABGCN) and its composition. The constructed structure showed an enhanced photoelectrochemical and catalytic property against 'acute toxicity category-III (MM)' and 'category-IV (tetracycline hydrochloride (TH))' organic pollutants. The constructed catalyst degraded the MM in 57 min and the TH in 35 min with degradation rates of 0.01489 min−1 and 0.02387 min−1, respectively, due to the accumulation of photogenerated electrons on the conduction band (CB) of g-C3N4 and photogenerated holes on the valence band (VB) of AgBr by the transformation of charges through the graphene bridge. An ion trapping study also revealed that ·O2 and h+ were the active species which actively participated in the photocatalytic reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we reported a novel type-I heterojunction between red phosphorus and graphitic carbon nitride under vacuum condition, which is a novel synthesis process. For preparing the red phosphorus composites, the vacuum condition is appropriate to prevent it from self-ignition. The prepared materials were analyzed with different analytic techniques for the confirmation of their heterojunctions and structure formation. The introduction of red phosphorus into graphitic carbon nitride, reduce the structural defects and increase the charge separation ability. After medication, the synthesized composite shows an enhanced photocatalytic activity against acute toxicity category-III non-color (MTSM, Metsulfuron methyl) and color (RhB), organic pollutants. The photocatalytic degradation mechanism (Mott-Schottky and VB-XPS) study reveal that red phosphorus /graphitic carbon nitride possess type-I heterojunction with enhanced catalytic behavior, due to the effective transformation of photo-generated electrons from CB of GCN to CB of RP with the help of heterojunctions and due to unmoved photo holes on VBs. Synthesized composites also maintained their performance after reused them in three cyclic form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vacuum tube method has been used for the construction of nondestructive and physically stable graphitic carbon nitride/graphene nanoplatelet composites and their photocatalytic behavior studied by measuring different photoactivities, such as photocurrent, photoluminescence, and the photodegradation of tetracycline hydrochloride under visible‐light irradiation. The formation of a heterojunction was confirmed by XRD, TEM, SEM, FTIR, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy. The results of this research indicate that the vacuum tube method is a facile, economic, and environmentally friendly approach to the preparation of composites. An ion‐trapping experiment indicated that, under visible light, the most effective photocatalyst generated the superoxide radical (O2·–) and holes (h+) to achieve the complete degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research reported electro-static junctions between carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphitic carbon nitride (CCN) with enhanced photocatalytic properties. The CNT and CCN formed the CTCN (CNT/CCN) by the electro-statistic driving force under hydrothermal methodology. The materials fabrication was confirmed by using different analyzing techniques such as SEM, TEM, XRD, and FTIR (etc). Also, the photocatalytic ability was studied by the degradation of R-610 under visible light irradiation. The CTCN-1 possess the higher degradation rate 0.0105 min−1 and higher current density 0.19 μA/cm2 as compare to other, CTCN-2 (0.0088 min−1, 0.16 μ A/cm2), CTCN-3 (0.0065 min−1, 0.12 μ A/cm2) and CCN (0.0035 min−1, 0.10 μ A/cm2). The combining of CNT with CCN in a specific amount reduces the structure defects in graphitic carbon nitride by reducing the charge recombination ability. Ion-trapping experiments showed that superoxide radicals and holes are the most generated and effective photogenerated species to accomplish the degradation of R-610 (rhodamine-610) under visible light irradiation. • Electro-statistic junctions between CNT and graphitic carbon nitride was created. • Optimum quantity of CNT with CCN can reduce the structure defects. • O− 2 and h+ are the most effective photogenerated species to accomplish the R-610. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]