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April 3, 2023 In recent years, Congress has increased support for economic development policies that incorporate a regional innovation systems (RIS) approach. RIS are composed of public and private sector [...]

February 8, 2024 The international scientific community generally views the free and open exchange of information as vital to the process of scientific inquiry, including the vetting of ideas and [...]

Updated February 22, 2024 Advances in science and technology have long played a critical role in ensuring the technological preeminence of the United States military. For this reason, the Department [...]

In reaction to concerns about widening socioeconomic and regional disparities, as well as the capacity of small, rural, and underserved communities to be competitive in the global economy, Congress expanded [...]

May 19, 2023 Introduction The President's FY2024 Budget Proposal Federal R&D Funding Perspectives Federal R&D by Agency Federal R&D by Character of Work, Facilities, and Equipment Federal Role in U.S. [...]

May 23, 2023 Introduction Overview of the Biden Administration's ARPA-H Proposal Congressional Action Executive Action Selected Policy and Oversight Issues Independence and Autonomy Questions and Considerations for Congress Defining ARPA-H's [...]

Updated December 13, 2022 Advances in science and technology have long played a critical role in ensuring the technological preeminence of the United States military. For this reason, the Department [...]

R46614 November 9, 2022 The results of research and development (R&D) help inform the decisions that policymakers and the public reach on a wide range of issues, including human health [...]

November 16, 2022 The federal government invests approximately $160 billion each year in research and development (R&D) to address a broad range of national interests from advancing public health and [...]

October 5, 2022 Introduction (1) The bioeconomy is the portion of the economy based on products, services, and processes derived from biological resources (e.g., plants and microorganisms). According to the [...]

Updated October 21, 2022 Contents Overview Data Sources and Limitations Small Business Innovation Research SBIR Overview SBIR Phases Phase I Phase II Phase III Technical Assistance SBIR Eligibility Recent and [...]

Updated September 19, 2022 Contents Introduction Variability in the Scope of the Bioeconomy The Bioeconomy of the United States Federal Activity in the U.S. Bioeconomy Executive Branch Congress Policy Considerations [...]

September 20, 2022 A recent news report questioned why a potentially revolutionary battery technology discovered at a Department of Energy (DOE) national laboratory was licensed to a firm that manufactures [...]

Updated August 12, 2022 Contents Introduction Overview of the Biden Administration's ARPA-H Proposal White House Listening Sessions for ARPA-H Executive Action Congressional Action Appropriations Authorizations Selected Policy Issues Independence and [...]

June 10, 2022 Contents Introduction The President's FY2023 Budget Request Federal R&D Funding Perspectives Federal R&D by Agency Federal R&D by Character of Work, Facilities, and Equipment Federal Role in [...]

Updated June 2, 2022 Contents Introduction Background on Quasi-Governmental Entities Existing Agency-Related Nonprofit R&D Organizations Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) National Foundation for the Centers for Disease [...]

May 10, 2022 Congress is considering the establishment of a new regional technology and innovation hub program in U.S. competition legislation. The House and Senate are reconciling H.R. 4521, the [...]

May 24, 2022 Contents Introduction What Is mRNA? mRNA-based Medicine Potential Future Uses Other mRNA-Based Vaccines Cancer Treatments Rare Diseases Research Challenges Federal Support, Market Projections, and Private Investment Federal [...]

April 15, 2022 Contents Introduction Overview of the Biden Administration's ARPA-H Proposal White House Listening Sessions for ARPA-H Congressional Action Appropriations Authorizations Selected Policy Issues Independence and Autonomy Defining Goals [...]

Updated January 19, 2022 Contents Introduction The President's FY2022 Budget Request Federal R&D Funding Perspectives Federal R&D by Agency Federal R&D by Character of Work, Facilities, and Equipment Federal Role [...]

Updated December 20, 2021 Advances in science and technology have long played a critical role in ensuring the technological preeminence of the United States military. For this reason, the Department [...]

Updated November 17, 2021 Contents Introduction The President's FY2022 Budget Request Federal R&D Funding Perspectives Federal R&D by Agency Federal R&D by Character of Work, Facilities, and Equipment Federal Role [...]

Contents Introduction Overview of Proposed ARPA-H Congressional Action Potential Questions for Consideration Should Congress Establish ARPA-H? What Might ARPA-H Focus On? How Would ARPA-H Compare to Other NIH Programs and [...]

August 19, 2021 The term bioeconomy refers to the share of the economy based on products, services, and processes derived from biological resources (e.g., plants and microorganisms). The bioeconomy is [...]

August 3, 2021 Introduction The 117th Congress continues its interest in U. S. research and development (R&D) and in evaluating support for federal R&D activities. The federal government has played [...]

Updated August 19, 2021 Contents Introduction Background Organizational Structure The DARPA Model Trust and Autonomy Limited Tenure Sense of Mission Risk-Taking and Tolerance for Failure Other Factors Hiring and Contracting [...]

Updated August 17, 2021 The Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program was established in 1982 by the Small Business Innovation Development Act (P.L. 97-219) to increase the participation of small [...]

May 5, 2021 The federal government supports scientific and technological advancement directly by funding and performing research and development, and indirectly by creating and maintaining policies that encourage private sector [...]

May 18, 2021 On April 9, 2021, the Office of Budget and Management (OMB) submitted President Biden's FY2022 discretionary budget request to Congress. This 'skinny' budget request proposed the creation [...]

Updated April 16, 2021 Contents Introduction What Is Scientific Integrity? Background Past Events and Recent Concerns Assessment and Review of Federal Scientific Integrity Policies Issues for Consideration Monitoring and Evaluating [...]

Updated January 5, 2021 Advances in science and technology have long played a critical role in ensuring the technological preeminence of the United States military. For this reason, the Department [...]

Updated December 17, 2020 Contents Introduction The President's FY2021 Budget Request Federal R&D Funding Perspectives Federal R&D by Agency Federal R&D by Character of Work, Facilities, and Equipment Federal Role [...]

November 20, 2020 The results of research and development (R&D) help inform the decisions that policymakers and the public reach on a wide range of issues, including human health and [...]

June 30, 2020 The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has contributed to the development of important military and commercial technologies, including stealth and personal electronics. DARPA's role and investments [...]

May 27, 2020 Contents Background: Comprehensive Energy Policy Title I--Innovation Subtitle A--Efficiency Part I--Energy Savings and Industrial Competitiveness Subpart A--Buildings Subpart B--Industrial Efficiency and Competitiveness Subpart C--Federal Agency Energy Efficiency [...]

The Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program was established in 1982 by the Small Business Innovation Development Act (P.L. 97-219) to increase the participation of small innovative companies in federally [...]

April 6, 2020 Contents Background Broad Prize Competition Authority Agency Specific Prize Competition Authorities Prize Competition Trends Potential Policy Considerations Legislation in the 116th Congress Figures Figure 1. Number of [...]

Updated March 20, 2020 Contents Introduction The President's FY2020 Budget Request Federal R&D Funding Perspectives Federal R&D by Agency Federal R&D by Character of Work, Facilities, and Equipment Federal Role [...]

December 9, 2019 Contents Introduction Background on Quasi-Governmental Entities Existing Agency-Related Nonprofit R&D Organizations Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) National Foundation for the Centers for Disease Control [...]

Contents Introduction Overarching S&T Policy Issues Federal Science and Technology Policymaking Enterprise Federal Funding for Research and Development Disruptive and Convergent Technology America COMPETES Act Reauthorization Technology Transfer from Federal [...]

October 4, 2018 Contents Introduction The President's FY2019 Budget Request Federal R&D Funding Perspectives Federal R&D by Agency Federal R&D by Character of Work, Facilities, and Equipment Federal Role in [...]

Updated May 22, 2018 Contents Introduction Overarching S&T Policy Issues Federal Science and Technology Policymaking Enterprise Federal Funding for Research and Development America COMPETES Act Reauthorization Regulations for Federally Funded [...]