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The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was implemented on January 1, 2016 and is composed of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and further delineated by 169 targets. This article offers background information on the 2030 Agenda as it relates to nursing and midwifery, professional organizational initiatives currently advancing the SDGs, the ethos of global citizenship, the urgency to respond to dwindling planetary health, the salience of nursing and midwifery advocacy in SDG attainment, and the myriad opportunities for nurses to lead and collaborate toward realizing these Global Goals. A US-based perspective is employed to underscore the Agenda's relevance to the US nursing workforce and healthcare system. The SDGs, with their holistic bio-psycho-social-environmental approach to health, present enormous opportunities for nurses and midwives. The SDG framework is naturally aligned with the foundational philosophy and purpose of our professions.

To reach consensus among experts on global health competencies for baccalaureate nursing students in the USA.A three-round modified Delphi study using a mixed methods research approach.In the first round, the original list of competencies (Wilson et al., 2012, Journal of Professional Nursing, 28, 213-222) was revised based on prior research, a review of literature and the Nursing Global Health Competencies Framework developed by the fist author. Nine global health domains and 52 competencies were identified in Round One. In Round Two, two surveys were conducted for validation of the revised list of global health competencies using a group of six nurses with expertise in global health and baccalaureate nursing education, which produced modifications in the competencies used for the third phase of the study. In Round Three, 41 participants completed a survey to rate the extent to which they thought the competencies obtained in Round Two were essential for baccalaureate nursing education in the United States. Data collection took place from May 2017 - January 2018.A group of experts in global health and baccalaureate nursing education from the United States achieved consensus that 40 global health competencies were essential for baccalaureate nursing education in the United States.The domains and competencies derived in this study can be used to guide undergraduate nursing curriculum development in global health and provide a framework for both clinical instruction and evaluation of global health student experiences.目的: 就美国护理本科生的全球健康能力达成专家共识。 设计: 采用混合的三轮改进德尔菲法进行研究。 方法: 第一轮,在先前研究、文献回顾和第一作者研究发展的 护理全球健康能力框架的基础上修订基本能力列表(Wilson等人,2012年,《专业护理杂志》,28,213-222)。第一轮确定了9个全球健康领域和52项能力。在第二轮中,为验证修订后的全球健康能力清单,进行了两次调查,调查对象是一个由6名具有全球健康和护理本科教育专业知识的护士组成的小组,该小组对研究第三阶段所用的能力要求进行了修改。在第三轮中,41名参与者完成了一项调查,对他们认为在第二轮中增加的能力要求对美国护理本科教育的重要程度进行了评估。数据收集于2017年5月至2018年1月进行。 结果: 来自美国的全球健康和护理学士教育专家组达成共识,认为40项全球健康能力对美国护理学士教育至关重要。 结论及影响: 本研究衍生出的健康领域和能力要求,可用来指导全球健康护理本科课程的发展,并为全球健康专业学生的临床教学与经验评估提供一个架构。.

Background It is important to define global health competencies for health professionals. To date, we know little about perspectives of nurses in Africa where environments are particularly challenging. Purpose The purpose was to describe perceptions of nursing faculty in Africa about global health competencies and compare those to faculty from the Americas. Methods A 32-item online survey with a convenience sample of nursing faculty. Results Data from 63 nurses in 21 African countries and 618 in the Americas were analyzed. Competencies related to Social and Environmental Determinants of Health were awarded relatively higher scores. Competencies related to globalization of health and health care were ranked relatively lower. This was similar across regions. Discussion Nursing education should address the social implications for health. Conclusion Participants in all three regions considered Social and Environmental Determinants of Health as a priority. These data help set educational priorities in a setting where educational and training resources are limited.

Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue describir las percepciones de docentes de enfermería de habla hispana en América Latina, sobre las competencias relacionadas a la salud global que deben mostrar los estudiantes de enfermería del pregrado. Métodos: Este estudio descriptivo fue basado en una muestra de docentes de escuelas de enfermería miembros de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Escuelas y Facultades de Enfermería (ALADEFE) y de la Asociación de Escuelas de la Zona Centro Sur de México, las cuales recibieron un correo electrónico con una liga para responder una encuesta electrónica por Survey Monkey©. La encuesta incluyó una lista de 30 competencias en salud global dividida en seis dimensiones. Los docentes indicaron en una escala Likert de 4 puntos la relevancia de cada competencia para la educación de enfermería en el nivel de pregrado (1 = Completamente en desacuerdo; 2 = En desacuerdo; 3 = De acuerdo; 4 = Completamente de acuerdo). Resultados: En total, 110 profesores de nueve países respondieron a la encuesta. El promedio de cada ítem fue entre 3.0 - 4.0, esto indica que los profesores estuvieron de acuerdo en que todas las competencias son relevantes para la formación de estudiantes de enfermería a nivel de pregrado. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio sugirieron que estas competencias deben ser incluidas en los currículos de enfermería a nivel de pregrado, para formar a los estudiantes en su labor como enfermeras y enfermeros en un mundo globalizado y prepararlos para contribuir a la Cobertura y el Acceso Universal a la Salud (Salud Universal).

Introduction: Due to the increasing number of clinical trials conducted globally, there is a need for quality continuing education for health professionals in clinical research manager (CRM) roles. This article describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of a distance-based continuing education program for CRMs working outside the United States. Methods: A total of 692 applications were received from CRMs in 50 countries. Of these, 166 were admitted to the program in two cohorts. The program, taught online and in English, included 4 required and 1 optional course. Course materials were also provided as hard copies and on CDs. A pretest/posttest design was used to evaluate the outcome of the program in terms of changes in knowledge, participants' capacity-building activities at their research sites; and participant and supervisor perceptions of program impact. Results: Participants demonstrated significant improvements in knowledge about clinical research, rated course content and teaching strategies positively, and identified the opportunity for interactions with international peers as a major program strength. Challenges for participants were limited time to complete assignments and erratic Internet access. Participants offered capacity-building programs to 5061 individuals at their research sites. Supervisors indicated that they would recommend the program and perceived the program improved CRM effectiveness and site research capacity. Discussion: Results suggest that this type of continuing education program addresses a growing need for education of CRMs working in countries that have previously had limited involvement with global clinical trials.

Background: At the 2008 inaugural meeting of the Consortium of Universities for Global Health (CUGH), participants discussed the rapid expansion of global health programs and the lack of standardized competencies and curricula to guide these programs. In 2013, CUGH appointed a Global Health Competency Subcommittee and charged this subcommittee with identifying broad global health core competencies applicable across disciplines. Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to describe the Subcommittee's work and proposed list of interprofessional global health competencies. Methods: After agreeing on a definition of global health to guide the Subcommittee's work, members conducted an extensive literature review to identify existing competencies in all fields relevant to global health. Subcommittee members initially identified 82 competencies in 12 separate domains, and proposed four different competency levels. The proposed competencies and domains were discussed during multiple conference calls, and subcommittee members voted to determine the final competencies to be included in two of the four proposed competency levels (global citizen and basic operational level – program oriented). Findings: The final proposed list included a total of 13 competencies across 8 domains for the Global Citizen Level and 39 competencies across 11 domains for the Basic Operational Program-Oriented Level. Conclusions: There is a need for continued debate and dialog to validate the proposed set of competencies, and a need for further research to identify best strategies for incorporating these competencies into global health educational programs. Future research should focus on implementation and evaluation of these competencies across a range of educational programs, and further delineating the competencies needed across all four proposed competency levels.

OBJETIVOS: identificar a concordância de docentes vinculados a instituições de ensino superior brasileiras, quanto às competências em saúde global, necessárias para a formação do aluno de enfermagem, durante o curso de graduação, e se as competências eram contempladas no currículo atual da instituição em que atuavam. MÉTODO: estudo exploratório-descritivo, realizado com 222 docentes que responderam a versão brasileira do "Questionário sobre Competências Básicas Essenciais de Saúde Global", disponibilizado em formato eletrônico no website Survey Monkey. RESULTADOS: houve predomínio de doutores (75,8%), sexo feminino (91,9%) e faixa etária entre 40 e 59 anos (69,3%). A média e o desvio-padrão de todas as competências questionadas variaram de 3,04 (0,61) a 3,88 (0,32), sendo que a pontuação atribuída para cada competência foi de 1 "discordo totalmente" a 4 "concordo totalmente". Os resultados demonstraram nível de concordância satisfatório dos respondentes em relação às competências de saúde global. CONCLUSÕES: o estudo demonstrou alta média de concordância dos enfermeiros docentes de instituições de ensino superior brasileiras, quanto às competências em saúde global do questionário, e, também, que os currículos das instituições de ensino superior em que atuavam comtemplavam parcialmente algumas delas, sendo que as competências do domínio "Globalização da saúde e da assistência à saúde" são as menos contempladas. OBJECTIVES: to identify the agreement of faculty affiliated with Brazilian higher education institutions about the global health competencies needed for undergraduate nursing students' education and whether these competencies were covered in the curriculum offered at the institution where they were teaching. METHOD: exploratory-descriptive study, involving 222 faculty members who answered the Brazilian version of the "Questionnaire on Core Competencies in Global Health", made available electronically on the website Survey Monkey. RESULTS: participants predominantly held a Ph.D. (75.8%), were women (91.9%) and were between 40 and 59 years of age (69.3%). The mean and standard deviation of all competencies questioned ranged between 3.04 (0.61) and 3.88 (0.32), with scores for each competency ranging from 1 "strongly disagree" to 4 "strongly agree". The results demonstrated the respondents' satisfactory level of agreement with the global health competencies. CONCLUSIONS: the study demonstrated a high mean agreement level of the nursing faculty from Brazilian HEI with the global health competencies in the questionnaire. The curricula of the HEI where they teach partially address some of these. The competencies in the domain "Globalization of health and health care" are the least addressed. OBJETIVOS: identificar la concordancia de docentes vinculados a Instituciones de Educación Superior brasileñas respecto a las competencias en salud global necesarias para la formación del alumno de enfermería durante el curso de pregrado y si las competencias eran contempladas en el currículo actual de la institución en que actuaban. MÉTODO: estudio exploratorio-descriptivo, llevado a cabo con 222 docentes que respondieron a la versión brasileña del "Cuestionario sobre Competencias Básicas Esenciales de Salud Global" disponible en formato electrónico en la página Survey Monkey. RESULTADOS: predominaron doctores (75,8%), sexo femenino (91,9%) y rango de edad entre 40 y 59 años (69,3%). El promedio y desvío estándar de todas las competencias cuestionadas variaron de 3,04 (0,61) a 3,88 (0,32), siendo que la puntuación atribuida para cada competencia varió de 1 "completamente en desacuerdo" a 4 "completamente de acuerdo". Los resultados demostraron nivel de concordancia satisfactorio de los respondientes respecto a las competencias de salud global. CONCLUSIONES: el estudio demostró alta concordancia media de los enfermeros docentes de IES brasileñas respecto a las competencias en salud global del cuestionario y que los currículos de las IES en que actúan contemplan parcialmente algunas de ellas, siendo que las competencias del dominio "Globalización de la salud y de la atención a la salud" son las menos contempladas.

Aim This article describes participant outcomes of an interprofessional collaboration between health professionals and faculty in Malawi, Zambia, and the United States (US). Background One strategy critical for improving global health and addressing Millennium Development goals is promotion of interprofessional education and collaboration. Methods Program participants included 25 health professionals from Malawi and Zambia, and 19 faculty/health professionals from Alabama and California. African Fellows participated in a 2 week workshop on Interprofessional Education in Alabama followed by 2 weeks working on individual goals with faculty collaborators/mentors. The US Fellows also spent 2 weeks visiting their counterparts in Malawi and Zambia to develop plans for sustainable partnerships. Results/Conclusions Program evaluations demonstrated participants' satisfaction with the program and indicated that the program promoted interprofessional and cross-cultural understanding; fostered development of long-term sustainable partnerships between health professionals and educators in Zambia and the US; and created increased awareness and use of resources for global health education.

In 2009, the World Health Organization published a document proposing global standards for the initial education of professional nurses and midwives, and noted that although nearly 35 million nurses and midwives make up the largest cadre of health care workers globally, they are rarely involved in high level decision-making and policy development