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Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common orthopedic disorder, and its incidence has been increasing among young adults in recent years. The purpose of this study is to investigate the global, regional, and national trends in OA burden and variation among individuals aged 30 to 44 from 1990 to 2019., Methods: Data on the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) related to OA were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 among individuals aged 30 to 44. These measures were stratified by gender, region, country, and socio-demographic index (SDI). Additionally, we analyzed YLDs attributable to risk factors., Results: In 2019, there were a total of 32,971,701 cases of OA among individuals aged 30 to 44 years worldwide, with an additional 7,794,008 new incident cases reported. OA of the knee was the primary contributor to both incidence and prevalence rates over the past three decades. From 1990 to 2019, both males and females in countries with high SDI and high-middle SDI showed upward trends in age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and YLDs rates. In 2019, the United States of America had the highest age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and YLDs rates. Elevated body-mass index (BMI) was found to be the most prevalent risk factor for osteoarthritis-related YLDs. Age-standardized YLDs rates were positively associated with SDI., Conclusions: OA remains a significant disease burden on individuals aged 30 to 44, with modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy lifestyle and obesity representing key targets for future interventions aimed at reducing the impact of this condition on younger generations., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Objective: Metabolic risks play a key role in the progression of pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to present global, regional and national data on mortality and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) for pancreatic cancer attributable to metabolic risk and to forecast mortality to 2030 using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD)., Methods: Data on mortality and DALYs due to pancreatic cancer attributable to metabolic risks were obtained from GBD 2019. Metabolic risks include high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and high body mass index (BMI). Total numbers and age-standardized rates per 100,000 people for mortality and DALYs were reported by age, sex, region and country/territory from 1990 to 2019. The "Bayes age-period-cohort" method was used for projections of mortality to 2030., Results: Globally, there was a 3.5-fold increase in the number of pancreatic cancer deaths attributable to metabolic risk, from 22,091 in 1990 to 77,215 in 2019. High-income North America and Central Europe had the highest age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) of pancreatic cancer attributable to high FPG and high BMI in 2019, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, the global ASMR of pancreatic cancer attributable to high FPG and high BMI increased. Countries with high healthcare access quality had much higher age-standardized DALY rates. In the next 10 years, the ASMR of pancreatic cancer attributable to high FPG and high BMI will continue to increase., Conclusion: Pancreatic cancer mortality and DALYs attributable to metabolic factors remain high, particularly in high-income regions or countries. Studies on the metabolic mechanism of pancreatic cancer and effective treatment strategies are needed., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Objective: Pancreatitis poses a serious medical problem worldwide. This study aims to explore the epidemiological trends of pancreatitis from 1990 to 2019, analyze the association between disease burden and age, period and birth cohort, and subsequently present a forecast of pancreatitis incidence and deaths., Methods: Epidemiologic data were gathered from the Global Health Data Exchange query tool. Joinpoint regression model was used to calculate the average annual percentage changes (AAPCs). Age-period-cohort analysis was utilized to estimate the independent effects of age, period and birth cohort. We also predicted the global epidemiological trends to 2044., Results: Globally, the incident cases and deaths of pancreatitis increased 1.63-and 1.65-fold from 1990 to 2019, respectively. Joinpoint regression analysis showed that the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR) decreased over the past three decades. The age effect indicates that older people have higher age-specific incidence and death rates. The period effect on incidence and deaths showed downward trends from 1990 to 2019. The cohort effect demonstrated that incidence and death risk peaked in the earlier birth cohort and were lower in the latest birth cohort. Incident cases and deaths of pancreatitis may significantly increase in the next 25 years. The ASIRs were predicted to slightly increase, while the ASDRs were predicted to decrease., Conclusion: Epidemiologic patterns and trends of pancreatitis across age, period and birth cohort may provide novel insight into public health. Limitations of alcohol use and prevention strategies for pancreatitis are necessary to reduce future burden., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Jiang, Du, Xiang, Li and Zhou.)

Objective: Pancreatic cancer poses a serious medical problem worldwide. Studies have reported the relationship between smoking and cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the burden of pancreatic cancer attributable to smoking and its global, regional and national trends, patterns and alterations from 1990 to 2019., Methods: Data were extracted from the Global Health Data Exchange query tool, including deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and age-standardized rates (ASRs). Measures were stratified by sex, age, region, country/territory and sociodemographic index (SDI). We used Joinpoint regression to determine the secular trend of ASRs by calculating the average annual percentage change (AAPC)., Results: In 2019, smoking risk-related deaths and DALYs accounted for 21.3% and 21.1% of global pancreatic cancer, respectively. There were 113,384 (95% UI 98,830 to 128,466) deaths of smoking-attributable pancreatic cancer worldwide in 2019, of which 64.1% were in males. The disease burden was higher in males than in females. High-income regions or large population regions had the higher disease burden. East Asia carried the highest number of smoking-attributable pancreatic cancer deaths and DALYs. The Caribbean had the fastest increasing rate (AAPC = 3.849, 95% CI 3.310 to 4.391) of age-standardized death rate over the past 30 years. In 2019, China had the highest number of deaths, which was followed by the USA and Japan. There was a trend of increasing ASDR along with increases in SDI., Conclusion: Variations existed in the smoking risk-related pancreatic cancer burden among different sexes, age groups, regions and countries/territories. The burden of smoking-attributable pancreatic cancer should be considered an important health issue. Future strategies should include comprehensive policies to control tobacco use.