1. Job ‒ žrtva svog naroda. Girardovo čitanje knjige o Jobu
- Author
-
Hrvoje Petrušić
- Subjects
Girard ,myth ,mimetism of violence ,Job ,scapegoat ,biblical hermeneutics ,mit ,mimetizam nasilja ,žrtveni jarac ,biblijska hermeneutika - Abstract
Namjera je ovog rada ocrtati glavna obilježja René Girardova čitanja Biblije na primjeru knjige o Jobu. Dakako, poslužit ćemo se i ostalim temeljnim radovima autora, ali samo kao dopunom ili pobližim objašnjenjima teza koje on iznosi u spomenutoj knjizi. Osebujnost Girardove hermeneutike i njezin ključ prikazat ćemo na način da usporedimo osnovne postavke autorova antropološkog tumačenja biblijskih tekstova s mitovima kao paradigmom progoniteljskog teksta. Posve razumljivo, ne očekujemo preklapanja niti istovjetnost u interpretaciji, ali nalazimo zanimljivim uvidjeti koliko Girardova lektira ostaje vjerna tekstu pokušavajući ga iskoristiti za potvrdu vlastitih ideja o oponašanju želje drugih kao izvoru nasilja koje se provodi unutar kolektivnih mehanizama, zatim mitološki legitimira i pretače u kult te konačno, posredstvom Biblije, razotkriva, štoviše, posve demitologizira. Posebnu pozornost usmjeravamo na temu žrtvenog jarca u Girardovu opusu, da bismo što jasnije približili misaoni kontekst u kojem on razvija svoje djelo o Jobu. Ukratko, izlažemo autorovo razmatranje odnosa istine i mita da bismo, naposljetku, prešli na glavnu temu rada – tumačenje knjige o Jobu kao paradigme mimetičkog kolapsa, odnosno neuspjelosti mehanizma žrtvenog jarca. Uz evanđelja, kako ćemo već uvidjeti, starozavjetna knjiga o Jobu krije zamjetan potencijal raskrinkavanja onih mehanizama koje Girardova generativna antropologija drži ključnima u opravdavanju i pokretanju različitih oblika nasilja u društvu., The purpose of this paper is to outline the main features of Girard’s interpretation of the Bible in the example of the Book of Job. Of course, we will also use the author’s other fundamental works, but only to supplement and explain the theses he presents in the mentioned book. We will show the specifics of Girard’s hermeneutics and its key in order to compare the basic tenets of the author’s anthropological interpretation of biblical texts with myths as a paradigm of persecutory text. We hold that it is interesting to realize to what degree Girard remains faithful to the text trying to use it to confirm his own ideas that imitation of other people’s wishes can be the source of violence, which is carried out within collective mechanisms, then mythologically legitimized, converted into a cult, and finally, through the Bible, unmasked and, moreover, fully demythologized. We pay special attention to the theme of the scapegoat in Girard’s work, in order to bring closer the reflexive context in which he is developing his work about Job. We briefly present the author’s analysis of the relation between the truth and myth, and then move on to the main subject of the paper – interpretation of the Book of Job as a paradigm of mimetic collapse, i.e. inefficiency of mechanism of the scapegoat. The Book of Job, along with the Gospels, hides a considerable potential for unmasking those mechanisms that Girard’s generative anthropology holds to be essential in justifying and launching the various forms of violence in society.
- Published
- 2014