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Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-12T16:53:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017 Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA) Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (MCTI) Secretaria da Comissão Interministerial para os Recursos do Mar (SECIRM) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) The gastropod Nacella concinna is the most conspicuous macroinvertebrate of the intertidal zone of the Antarctic Peninsula and adjacent islands. Naturally high levels of copper and cadmium in coastal marine ecosystems are accumulated in N. concinna tissues. We aimed to study the effects of metal cations on N. concinna arginase in the context of possible adaptive microevolution. Gills and muscle had the highest argininolytic activity, which was concentrated in the cytosol in both tissues. Gills had the highest levels of arginase and may be involved in the systemic control of L-arginine levels. The relatively high argininolytic activity of the N. concinna muscular foot, with K-M = 25.3 +/- 3.4 mmol L-1, may be involved in the control of L-arginine levels during phosphagen breakdown. N. concinna arginases showed the following preferences for metal cations: Ni2+ > Mn2+ > Co2+ > Cu2+ in muscle and Mn2+ > Cu2+ in gills. Cu2+ activation is a unique characteristic of N. concinna arginases, as copper is a potent arginase inhibitor. Cu2+ partly neutralized N. concinna arginase inhibition by Cd2+, worked synergistically in muscle arginase activation by Co2+ and neutralized muscle arginase activation by Ni2+. Mn2+ was able to activate muscle arginase in the presence of Fe3+ and Pb2+. The selection of arginases that are activated by Cu2+ and resistant to inhibition by Cd2+ in the presence of Cu2+ over evolutionary timescales may have favored N. concinna occupation of copper- and cadmium-rich niches. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [de Oliveira, Mariana Feijo; Rodrigues Junior, Edson; Kawagoe Suda, Cecilia Nahomi; Vani, Gannabathula Sree; Rodrigues, Edson] Universidade de Taubaté (Unitau), Basic Biosci Inst [Donatti, Lucelia] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Cell Biol, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil [Lavrado, Helena Passeri] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Marine Biol, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-12T16:53:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015 Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA) Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (MCTI) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Secretariat of the Inter-ministerial Commission for the Resources of the Sea (SeCIRM) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Antártico de Pesquisas Ambientais (INCT-APA) The intertidal and subtidal environments in the Antarctic Peninsula are vulnerable to pollutants, such as diesel oil, a commonly used fuel. Nacelle concinna is capable of accumulating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and is a potential biomonitor of diesel oil contamination. This work investigates the interaction of diesel oil, temperature and salinity on the activity of antioxidants enzymes defense of the gills, foot muscle and digestive glands. Upregulation of superoxide dismutase occurred in the three tissues by warming. The foot muscle catalase and the gill glutathione reductase were upregulated only by diesel. The inability to upregulate catalase and glutathione S-transferase in the digestive gland, as well as the increase of lipoperoxidation, suggested that this gland is more susceptible to the deleterious effects from oxidative stress. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [de Oliveira, Mariana Feijo; Rodrigues Junior, Edson; Donatti, Lucelia] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Cell Biol, BR-81530130 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil [de Oliveira, Mariana Feijo; Rodrigues Junior, Edson; Suda, Cecilia N. K.; Vani, Gannabathula S.; Rodrigues, Edson] Universidade de Taubaté (Unitau), Basic Biosci Inst, BR-12030180 Taubate, SP, Brazil [Lavrado, Helena P.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Marine Biol, BR-21941902 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

The Una River and its basin constitute an important water source for public supply in the municipality of Taubaté (SP, Brazil). The present work aimed to investigate biochemical markers of environmental pollution in the Una river basin using enzymes extracted from the kidneys, gills and brains of Astyanax bimaculatus, a fish commonly found in this basin. Tissue levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were determined in tissues of A. bimaculatus collected in water bodies localized at Fazenda Piloto of the University of Taubaté (P1), the Remédios municipal road (P2) and at a small lake near the neighborhood of Ipiranga (P3), all located in the municipality of Taubaté. The lowest activities of renal and gill SOD were found in fish collected from P2 and P3, respectively. Renal and branchial CAT, renal MDH and LDH, as well as the activity of cerebral LDH were not affected by collection site. The activities of brain MDH and AChE were higher in fish from P3 in comparison with P1. These results along with earlier published findings, indicate that the hepatic SOD and CAT, gill SOD and LDH, muscle MDH and brain MDH and AChE are sensitive to contamination in the environment and hence can be considered as good candidate biomarkers of environmental change in the Una River basin.

Arginases are metalloenzymes broadly distributed in nature. These enzymes catalyze the L-arginine hydrolyses to L-ornithine and urea. The aim of the present work is to determine the tissue levels of arginase, its kinetic properties and subcellular localization. In December 2009, specimens were collected in Admiralty Bay, King George Island near the Brazilian Research Station. The argininolytic specific activity of foot muscle, gills and pool of other tissues was 87.0 ± 15.1; 9.8 ± 1.8 and 3.8 ± 1.0 mU/mg protein, respectively. Mainly localized in the cytosol, gills and muscular arginase Km values for L-arginine were 57.0 ± 10.5 and 66.2 ± 14.6 mM, respectively. High arginase levels in gills could be related to the systemic control of L-arginine concentrations, which is vital for energetic metabolism of phospho-L-arginine and of polyamines in the control of cell proliferation though the probable physiologic metal cation is Mn 2+ , some arginases are activated by Co 2+ and Ni 2+ . The muscle Nacella concinna arginases were activated by Mn 2+ and Co 2+ and inhibited by Cd 2+ whereas; gills arginase was activated only by Mn 2+ and inhibited by Cd 2+ and Zn 2+ .