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1. Author Correction: Global status and conservation potential of reef sharks

Author

Demian D. Chapman, Robert E. Hueter, Mark G. Meekan, Juney Ward, Virginia Fourqurean, Aljoscha Wothke, M. Shiham Adam, Mohini Johnson, Michelle R. Heupel, Rosalind M. K. Bown, Yannis P. Papastamatiou, Jessica Quinlan, Owen R. O’Shea, Adam N. H. Smith, Alessandro Ponzo, Michael L. Berumen, Eric Clua, Jennifer E. Caselle, Jordan Goetze, Laurent Vigliola, Tim J. Langlois, Tristan L. Guttridge, Bradley J. Peterson, Jorge Angulo-Valdés, Patrick J. Burke, Melita Samoilys, JQ Maggs, L. M. Sjamsul Quamar, Matthew J. Rees, Daniel Fernando, Jasmine Valentin-Albanese, Steve Lindfield, Fabián Pina-Amargós, Lauren Sparks, Elizabeth R. Whitman, Muslimin Kaimuddin, M. Aaron MacNeil, Thomas Claverie, Llewelyn Meggs, Andy Estep, Océane Beaufort, Naomi F. Farabaugh, Venkatesh Charloo, Mareike Dornhege, Jeffrey C. Carrier, Martin de Graaf, B. Mabel Manjaji-Matsumoto, Kennedy Osuka, Aaron J. Wirsing, Andrea D. Marshall, Elodie J. I. Lédée, Dayne Buddo, Kathryn I. Flowers, Edd J. Brooks, Nikola Simpson, Taratu Kirata, Kirk Gastrich, Brooke M. D’Alberto, Taylor Gorham, C. Samantha Sherman, Conrad W. Speed, Neil D. Cook, Michael J. Travers, Colin K. C. Wen, Steven T. Kessel, Royale S. Hardenstine, Jessica E. Cramp, Darcy Bradley, Leanne M. Currey-Randall, Michelle Schärer-Umpierre, Stacy L. Bierwagen, Ricardo C. Garla, Clay Obota, Michael R. Heithaus, Josep Nogués, Jeremy J. Kiszka, Erika Bonnema, Rubén Torres, Fabian Kyne, Rory Graham, Vinay Udyawer, Akshay Tanna, Nishan Perera, Lachlan George, Philip Matich, Alexandra M. Watts, Jesse E. M. Cochran, Anna L. Flam, Camila Cáceres, Audrey M. Schlaff, Alexei Ruiz-Abierno, Erin McCombs, Colin A. Simpfendorfer, Diego Cardeñosa, Joshua E. Cinner, Enric Sala, Lanya Fanovich, Esteban Zarza-Gonzâlez, Jacob Asher, Camilla Floros, GM Clementi, Heidi Hertler, J. Jed Brown, Khadeeja Ali, Cecilie Benjamin, Stacy D. Jupiter, Laura García Barcia, Devanshi Kasana, Sushmita Mukherji, Baraka Kuguru, Stephen Heck, Euan S. Harvey, Maurits P. M. van Zinnicq Bergmann, Ryan R. Murray, Aaron C. Henderson, Mark E. Bond, Dianne L. McLean, Benedict Kiilu, Stephen E. Moore, Andhika Prima Prasetyo, Anthony T. F. Bernard, Andrea Luna-Acosta, and Stephen J. Newman

Subjects
Fishery, geography, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Published Erratum, MEDLINE, Onderz. Form. B, Life Science, Reef
Abstract

An Amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Published
2020

2. Global status and conservation potential of reef sharks

Author

Eric Clua, Jennifer E. Caselle, Mark G. Meekan, Stephen J. Newman, Mohini Johnson, C. Samantha Sherman, Leanne M. Currey-Randall, Josep Nogués, Andy Estep, Kathryn I. Flowers, Mareike Dornhege, Steven T. Kessel, Demian D. Chapman, Patrick J. Burke, Aljoscha Wothke, Esteban Zarza-Gonzâlez, Michelle R. Heupel, Brooke M. D’Alberto, Robert E. Hueter, Michelle Schärer-Umpierre, Audrey M. Schlaff, Fabián Pina-Amargós, Colin K. C. Wen, Cecilie Benjamin, Colin A. Simpfendorfer, Juney Ward, Yannis P. Papastamatiou, Diego Cardeñosa, Stacy D. Jupiter, Jessica Quinlan, Owen R. O’Shea, Edd J. Brooks, Andrea Luna-Acosta, Taylor Gorham, Tim J. Langlois, GM Clementi, M. Shiham Adam, Stacy L. Bierwagen, Royale S. Hardenstine, Michael L. Berumen, Daniel Fernando, Euan S. Harvey, Naomi F. Farabough, Michael R. Heithaus, Heidi Hertler, Erika Bonnema, Jessica E. Cramp, Jordan Goetze, Philip Matich, Jacob Asher, Alexandra M. Watts, Jasmine Valentin-Albanese, JQ Maggs, Ryan R. Murray, Alessandro Ponzo, Taratu Kirata, Camilla Floros, Elizabeth R. Whitman, Aaron C. Henderson, Adam N. H. Smith, Jorge Angulo-Valdés, Laurent Vigliola, Matthew J. Rees, Muslimin Kaimuddin, Andrea D. Marshall, Conrad W. Speed, Michael J. Travers, Dayne Buddo, Neil D. Cook, Thomas Claverie, Llewelyn Meggs, M. Aaron MacNeil, Virginia Fourqurean, Rubén Torres, Venkatesh Charloo, Elodie J. I. Lédée, Mark E. Bond, Ricardo C. Garla, Rory Graham, Jeremy J. Kiszka, Steve Lindfield, Darcey Bradley, Joshua E. Cinner, Jeffrey C. Carrier, Sushmita Mukherji, Tristan L. Guttridge, Bradley J. Peterson, Martin de Graaf, B. Mabel Manjaji-Matsumoto, Lachlan George, Melita Samoilys, L. M. Sjamsul Quamar, J. Jed Brown, Lauren Sparks, Khadeeja Ali, Benedict Kiilu, Nishan Perera, Stephen Heck, Alexei Ruiz-Abierno, Erin McCombs, Devanshi Kasana, Baraka Kuguru, Maurits P. M. van Zinnicq Bergmann, Enric Sala, Lanya Fanovich, Laura García Barcia, Fabian Kyne, Vinay Udyawer, Akshay Tanna, Rosalind M. K. Bown, Stephen E. Moore, Andhika Prima Prasetyo, Anthony T. F. Bernard, Kirk Gastrich, Jesse E. M. Cochran, Anna L. Flam, Camila Cáceres, Dianne L. McLean, Nikola Simpson, Clay Obota, Océane Beaufort, Kennedy Osuka, Aaron J. Wirsing, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Coastal Oceans Research and Development in the Indian Ocean - East Africa (CORDIO - East Africa), ARC Centre of Excellence in Coral Reefs Studies and Coral Genomics Group, James Cook University (JCU), and James Cook University (JCU)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Conservation of Natural Resources, Fishing, Reef shark, Population, Fisheries, Geographic Mapping, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Onderz. Form. B, Life Science, Animals, 14. Life underwater, education, Reef, Ecosystem, Population Density, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Coral Reefs, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Fishery, Overexploitation, Geography, Socioeconomic Factors, Sharks, Conservation status, Marine protected area, Conservation biology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

Fishing has had a profound impact on global reef shark populations, and the absence or presence of sharks is strongly correlated with national socio-economic conditions and reef governance. Decades of overexploitation have devastated shark populations, leaving considerable doubt as to their ecological status(1,2). Yet much of what is known about sharks has been inferred from catch records in industrial fisheries, whereas far less information is available about sharks that live in coastal habitats(3). Here we address this knowledge gap using data from more than 15,000 standardized baited remote underwater video stations that were deployed on 371 reefs in 58 nations to estimate the conservation status of reef sharks globally. Our results reveal the profound impact that fishing has had on reef shark populations: we observed no sharks on almost 20% of the surveyed reefs. Reef sharks were almost completely absent from reefs in several nations, and shark depletion was strongly related to socio-economic conditions such as the size and proximity of the nearest market, poor governance and the density of the human population. However, opportunities for the conservation of reef sharks remain: shark sanctuaries, closed areas, catch limits and an absence of gillnets and longlines were associated with a substantially higher relative abundance of reef sharks. These results reveal several policy pathways for the restoration and management of reef shark populations, from direct top-down management of fishing to indirect improvement of governance conditions. Reef shark populations will only have a high chance of recovery by engaging key socio-economic aspects of tropical fisheries.

Published
2020
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3. Troubled waters: Threats and extinction risk of the sharks, rays and chimaeras of the Arabian Sea and adjacent waters

Author

Daniel Fernando, Tooraj Valinassab, Nicholas K. Dulvy, Dawit Tesfamichael, Shaikha Al Dhaheri, David A. Ebert, E. M. Grandcourt, Igbal S. El Hassan, Fereidoon Owfi, R. Pollom, Tariq M.S. Al Mamari, Mohamud Hassan Ali, Alec B. M. Moore, Julia L.Y. Spaet, Khadeeja Ali, K. V. Akhilesh, Ana Lucia Soares, Evgeny V. Romanov, K. K. Bineesh, Colin A. Simpfendorfer, Muhammad Moazzam Khan, Peter M. Kyne, Rima W. Jabado, David P. Robinson, Gina M. Ralph, Jabado, RW [0000-0001-6239-6723], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Data deficient, Near-threatened species, species diversity, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Endangered species, Species diversity, extinction risk, population decline, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, IUCN Red List, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Fishery, Critically endangered, chondrichthyans, Geography, fisheries, Threatened species, Conservation status, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

The extinction risk of sharks, rays and chimaeras is higher than that for most other vertebrates due to low intrinsic population growth rates of many species and the fishing intensity they face. The Arabian Sea and adjacent waters border some of the most important chondrichthyan fishing and trading nations globally, yet there has been no previous attempt to assess the conservation status of species occurring here. Using IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Categories and Criteria and their guidelines for application at the regional level, we present the first assessment of extinction risk for 153 species of sharks, rays and chimaeras. Results indicate that this region, home to 15% of described chondrichthyans including 30 endemic species, has some of the most threatened chondrichthyan populations in the world. Seventy‐eight species (50.9%) were assessed as threatened (Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable), and 27 species (17.6%) as Near Threatened. Twenty‐nine species (19%) were Data Deficient with insufficient information to assess their status. Chondrichthyan populations have significantly declined due to largely uncontrolled and unregulated fisheries combined with habitat degradation. Further, there is limited political will and national and regional capacities to assess, manage, conserve or rebuild stocks. Outside the few deepsea locations that are lightly exploited, the prognosis for the recovery of most species is poor in the near‐absence of management. Concerted national and regional management measures are urgently needed to ensure extinctions are avoided, the sustainability of more productive species is secured, and to avoid the continued thinning of the regional food security portfolio.

Published
2018

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