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English edition of the book "Hrvatska na prvi pogled: udžbenik hrvatske kulture".

Kroz rad geografa u Leksikografskom zavodu Miroslav Krleža, jedinoj znanstvenoj ustanovi u Hrvatskoj koja se bavi leksikografijom, predstavit će se specifičan aspekt primjene geografije u suvremenom hrvatskom društvu. Veze između geografije i leksikografije dugotrajne su i postojane te uglavnom dobre, o čemu svjedoči kontinuirano zapošljavanje geografa u Zavodu, značajan broj više ili manje »geografskih« i kartografskih projekta, raznovrsnost tema kojima se bave geografi–leksikografi te tradicionalno značajan udio geografskih sadržaja u općim i regionalnim zavodskim izdanjima. Taj odnos katkada može biti narušen zbog podzastupljenosti geografskih sadržaja u odnosu na sadržaje drugih struka u nekim složenim enciklopedijskim natuknicama i/ili nepovoljne strukture geografskih sadržaja. Poboljšanje bi trebalo tražiti u poticanju geografa da se bave temama koje bi olakšale sustavnu i dosljednu leksikografsku obradu te u stalnoj implementaciji suvremenih geografskih spoznaja u leksikografsku građu primjenom suvremenih leksikografskih pristupa., Through the work of geographers in the Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography, the only scientific institution of its kind in Croatia, we will present a specific aspect of the application of geography in contemporary Croatian society. Links between geography and lexicography have been long-lasting, stable and generally good, which can be seen in the continued employment of geographers at the Institute, a significant number of more or less “geographical” and cartographical projects, diversity of topics geographers-lexicographers deal with and the traditionally significant portion of geographical content in general and regional publications of the Institute. This relationship can sometimes be disrupted due to the underrepresentation of geographical content in regards to the content of other fields in some complex encyclopaedic entries and/or unfavourable structure of geographical content. Improvement should be sought in the encouragement of geographers to pursue topics which would make systematic and consistent lexicographical analysis easier and in constant implementation of contemporary geographical notions into lexicographical works using contemporary lexicographical approaches.

Geografska imena, kao predmet interdisciplinarnih istraživanja, proučavaju se ponajprije s jezičnoga, a u posljednje vrijeme i s geografskoga, povijesnoga, arheološkoga, etnološkoga, kartografskoga, leksikografskoga i ponajmanje geodetskoga aspekta. Svrha ovoga istraživanja jest odrediti odnos između triju znanosti (znanstvenih disciplina) – toponomastike, geografije i leksikografije – u obradi toponima zastupljenih u leksikografskim djelima. U radu se ispituje tretman toponima i način obrade u leksikografskim izdanjima (rječnicima, leksikonima, enciklopedijama i atlasima) analizom: a) zastupljenosti toponima unutar analiziranoga djela, b) zastupljenosti i strukture jezične obrade toponima u odabranim toponomastičkim natuknicama jednojezičnih rječnika, c) zastupljenosti i strukture geografskih sadržaja kod odabranih toponimskih natuknica u leksikonima, enciklopedijama i atlasima Leksikografskoga zavoda Miroslav Krleža. Primjerima je potvrđena činjenica da je jezična obrada malobrojnih toponima iscrpnija u jednojezičnim rječnicima nego u ostalim leksikografskim izdanjima, a geografska je obrada u rječnicima veoma sažeta. Zaključeno je da je zastupljenost toponima (osobito u Atlasu svijeta) i geografskih sadržaja u općem tipu zavodskih edicija zadovoljavajuća. Potvrdila se pretpostavka da je geografska obrada toponimskih natuknica, koje predstavljaju složene prostorne strukture, poput naselja, regija i država, u enciklopedijama, leksikonima i atlasima dostatno zastupljena, ali su geografski sadržaji strukturirani prema klasičnom nabrajalačkom, danas neprimjerenom principu. Razlozi tomu leže podjednako u slabostima hrvatske geografije i leksikografije., Geographical names, as a rewarding subject of interdisciplinary research, are analysed firstly from the linguistic, and lately more often from the geographical, historical, archaeological, ethnological, cartographical, lexicographical and, least of all, geodetic aspect. The purpose of this research is to determine the relation between three scientific disciplines – toponymy, geography and lexicography – in the treatment of toponyms in lexicographic publications. This paper questions the treatment of toponyms in different lexicographic publications (dictionaries, lexicons, encyclopaedias and atlases) by analysing: a) representation of toponyms within the analysed work, b) representation and structure of the linguistic analysis of toponyms in selected toponymical entries of the monolingual dictionaries, c) representation and structure of the geographical content in selected toponymical entries in lexicons, encyclopaedias and atlases published by the Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography. The examples confirm the fact that the linguistic treatment of scarce toponyms is more comprehensive in monolingual dictionaries than in other lexicographic publication, and the geographical treatment in dictionaries is very concise. It is concluded that the representation of toponyms (especially in the World Atlas) and geographical content in general-type editions published by the Institute is satisfactory. We confirmed our assumption that the geographical treatment of toponymic entries that represent complex spatial structures, such as settlements, regions and states is generally adequately represented in encyclopaedias, lexicons and atlases, but the geographical content is most often structured according to the classical principal of simply listing them, which has become unacceptable. The reasons for this lie equally in the weaknesses of Croatian geography and lexicography.

Petar Matković bio je utemeljitelj Katedre za geografiju na Sveučilištu u Zagrebu i njezin prvi profesor. Osim aktivnim angažmanom u institucionalizaciji geografije, statistike i tek osnovane JAZU (kao njezin dugogodišnji član i tajnik), objavljivao je knjige i radove iz područja geografije, statistike, kartografije, topografije i povijesti te priređivao nastavničku literaturu. Bio je pionir u izdvajanju »specijaliziranih« geografskih disciplina (što je primjetno u radovima iz historijske geografije, povijesne kartografije i topografije) te prvi moderni hrvatski geograf. Zbog naglašenoga statističkog pristupa koji je njegovao u svojim općim geografsko-statističkim pregledima bio je kritiziran. Cilj rada je analizom obilježja koja upućuju na »statističnost« u tim njegovim djelima i usporedbom istih u djelima njegovih suvremenika te uvidom u razvoj hrvatske geografije u drugoj polovici XIX. st. istražiti jesu li te kritike utemeljene. Analizom 15 djela potvrdile su se obje pretpostavke rada: a) Matkovićeva geografsko-statistička djela uistinu su opterećena statistikom, b) sadržajem ne odudaraju od ostalih preglednih geografskih djela njegovih suvremenika, nego se radi o različitim načinima prezentacije podataka i obrade građe. Zaključeno je i to da su njegova djela odraz vremena u kojem je živio., Petar Matković was the founder of the Department of Geography of the University of Zagreb and its first professor. Apart from actively participating in the institutionalization of geography, statistics, and the newly-founded Yugoslavian Academy of Arts and Sciences (as its longtime member and secretary), he published books and papers on geography, statistics, cartography, topography and history and prepared teaching literature. He was a pioneer in separating »specialized« geographical disciplines (which is evident in his papers on historical geography, cartography and topography) and the first modern Croatian geographer. He was criticized due to the statistical approach in his general geographical-statistical overviews. The goal of this paper is, by analysing traits that point to »statisticalness « in his works, comparing them with the works of his contemporaries and by providing an insight into the development of Croatian geography in the second half of the 19th century, to research whether that criticism is valid. By analysing 15 works we confirmed both of our initial assumptions: a) Matković's geographical-statistical works are indeed overburdened with statistics, b) they do not differ with their content from other analysed geographical works of his contemporaries, but they present their data and analyse their materials in a different way. We also conclude that his works are a reflection of his times.

Članak prikazuje povijesno-filozofsko razmatranje geografije te teorijsko obrazloženje njezinih temeljnih pojmova i pristupa, kao i vodećih geografa.

Encyclopaedias as compendiums of knowledge, consisting of information condensed in thousands of entries usually organized and presented in alphabetical order, tend to include many information on geographical features, both physical as well as human and political. Due to wide circulation of encyclopaedias, geographical information included in them are exposed to a widest possible use and public attention. In Croatia encyclopaedias are most often compiled and published by the specialized scientific institution – the Miroslav Krleža Lexicographic Institute based in Zagreb. Geographical information has traditionally been well represented in Institute's publication, which is illustrated in the paper primarily on the case of recent edition of general encyclopaedia. Consequently, geoghraphers have been continuously present among Institute's staff since its foundation. Transfer of geographical information and knowledge on geographical features into the framework of encyclopaedias raises several issues, like use of specific geographical terminology or use of toponyms, which are widely elaborated and discussed by the authors of the paper.