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Traffic accidents have awakened a global concern as they are the ninth leading cause of death worldwide. This triggers a challenge for traffic managers and planners interested in ensuring the fluidity of traffic and also road safety. In this context, spatial analyzes are essential to recognize critical points or stretches on the road and thus contribute to decisions aimed for the reduction of traffic accidents. In light of the above, this study aims to carry out spatiotemporal analyzes of hotspots of accidents occurred on federal highways located in the state of Goias, central region of Brazil, in the period from 2014 to 2019. In order to achieve the goal of this work, the available data (from the website of the Federal Highway Police of Brazil) was geocoded in a Geographic Information System (GIS) program and the descriptive statistical analysis was emplyed. The results showed that, in general, accidents occur at points of intersection. In addition, the stretch from Aparecida de Goiânia to Alexânia, in the surrounding area of Brasilia, capital of Brazil, in all the studied years, presented a higher density of accident occurrences, with a high amount of fatal outcomes. Therefore, this stretch of road has become crucial, even with the best traffic conditions.

O bioma do Pantanal e a conservação de seus recursos naturais têm sido o foco de muitas discussões, tanto na comunidade científica como entre as autoridades governamentais. O crescente aumento da temperatura média, e a diminuição do regime de chuvas, surgem como um dos temas mais evidenciados por pesquisadores da área. Entre as variáveis estudadas na região do bioma pantanteiro, uma das mais importantes é a concentração de CO2 que adquire um grande valor em função de sua relação com as mudanças climáticas no Planeta. Para entender melhor o complexo bioma do Pantanal se faz necessária a utilização de diferentes métodos de análise, como as Transformadas de Wavelets, que demonstram as variações locais de potência dentro da série. Assim, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo utilizar a análise de Wavelets de Morlet nas medidas de concentração de CO2 do solo, em área do cerrado no Norte do Pantanal Mato-grossense. Através da relação entre tempo e frequência que se analisa o espectro de energia dos períodos sazonais do Pantanal. Sendo assim, foi possível verificar por meio das análises de sinal e espectros de energia, que as estações de estiagem e vazante apresentaram predominância da concentração de CO2, em que as Wavelets simuladas no software do Matlab, tornaram-se satisfatórios. Palavras-chave: Séries Temporais. Wavelet de Morlet, Modelagem Ambiental Abstract The Pantanal biome and the conservation of its natural resources has been the focus of many discussions, both in the scientific community and among government authorities. The increasing increase in average temperature, and the decrease in the rainfall regime, is one of the most highlighted themes by researchers in the area. Among the variables studied in the Pantanal biome region, one of the most important is the CO2 concentration that acquires a great value due to its relationship with climate change on the planet. To better understand the complex Pantanal biome, it is necessary to use different analysis methods, such as the Wavelet Transforms that demonstrate the local power variations within the series. Thus, the present study aimed to use Morlet's Wavelets analysis in measures of the soil CO2 concentration, in a cerrado area in the North of the Pantanal Mato-grossense. Through the relationship between time and frequency the energy spectrum was analyzed of the Pantanal seasonal periods. Thus, it was possible to verify through the signal and energy spectra analysis, that the drought and ebb stations showed a predominance of CO2 concentration, where the wavelets simulated in the Matlab software, became satisfactory. Keywords: Time Series. Morlet Wavelet. Environmental Modeling

Identification of development poles within the regional planning is important for defining the nodes of a given transport network and plays the role of driving economic growth in a region. Nevertheless, such proceedings are complex, especially in some areas where there is a lack of data that could support studies of this nature, for example in the case of the Amazon region. Thus, this study aims to identify development poles using spatial analysis of production values of soya, coffee, wood, and mineral products like cassiterite, aluminum ore, iron ore and copper. In addition, the geographic accessibility analysis was carried out at these poles in order to identify the potential of the transport network to be structured. Results demonstrated that it is possible to build a dense transport network by identifying more development poles, which would increase the connectivity, allowing more intense exchange of flows and development of the region.

O estado de Rondônia é, dentre aqueles que compõem a região da Amazônia Ocidental, o que apresentou a maior área desmatada. Isso ocorreu devido à opção do Estado Nacional pela propriedade privada da terra e pela expansão capitalista, em detrimento da conservação e das formas tradicionais de uso. Desse modo, o objetivo desse estudo é realizar a modelagem dinâmica do desmatamento, de 2015 a 2050, no estado de Rondônia. As metodologias empregadas foram a modelagem ambiental e a tomada de decisão com base no Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG). A modelagem dinâmica dos desmatamentos foi elaborada por meio da utilização do software DINAMICA EGO. Os resultados revelaram que o avanço do desmatamento, até 2015, ocupou 37,68% da área do estado de Rondônia e atingirá 54,87%, até 2050. Além disso, o desmatamento será maior em áreas próximas à malha viária, às manchas urbanas e às áreas já desmatadas. Em contrapartida, a conservação da vegetação se tornará mais expressiva junto às áreas especiais, às terras indígenas e às unidades de conservação. Por fim, a partir do mapa de projeção da retirada da vegetação para o ano de 2050, foi possível constatar que a retirada da vegetação será maior na porção noroeste, especialmente no município de Porto Velho.

Within the cluster literature, few studies have analyzed the potential dangers of regional economic overspecialization. The lock-in effect is frequently mentioned to describe the decline of a clust...

Homicide rates have been increasing worldwide, especially in Latin America, where it is considered one of the most lethal of the continents. Despite that, the occurrence of homicides are not homogeneous in time and space on the continent or in the Brazilian cities. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to present a spatial analysis of homicides in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, between the years of 2016 and 2019, by the use of an exploratory analysis of spatial homicide data with five variables that could explain its occurrence. In addition to that, it was applied the Global and Local Moran&rsquo, s Index, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), all implemented in the Geographic Information System (GIS) software. Thus, the distribution of clusters revealed a spatial autocorrelation for homicide rates, confirming a spatial dependence. This data also showed the polarization of the rate between the coast and the interior of the state of Pernambuco.

As analises espaciais de acidentes de trânsito sao fundamentais para compreender e reconhecer pontos ou trechos criticos e, assim, estabelecer estrategias de reducao dessas ocorrencias. A partir de tal constatacao, o objetivo deste artigo foi o de realizar a analise espacial dos acidentes ocorridos no ano de 2016, em trechos das rodovias federais no Estado de Goias. Com efeito, realizou-se a geocodificacao em um Sistema de Informacao Geografica (SIG) e o mapeamento dos dados de acidentes fornecidos pela NURAM/PRF/GO. Para analisar a variabilidade espacial, aplicou-se o metodo de estimacao de densidade de Kernel e sua correlacao com dados de: frota, numero de automoveis e taxa de motorizacao. Os resultados revelaram que os acidentes sao identificados em maior densidade na rodovia BR-060, trecho entre Goiânia e o Distrito Federal, e na BR-153, onde se concentra tambem a alta densidade dos acidentes mais graves, com casos de obitos. Portanto, esses trechos se configuram como pontos criticos, mesmo estando sob concessao e com as melhores condicoes de trafegabilidade e de fiscalizacao por equipamentos moveis e fixos. Por fim, observou-se nao haver evidencias de que a frota, o numero de veiculos leves ou a taxa de motorizacao explica as ocorrencias dos acidentes nas rodovias federais de Goias, no ano analisado.

Researches on the deforestation of the Amazon have gained prominence in the last recent years, mainly with the change in the policy regarding the facing of this phenomenon by the Brazilian government. Therefore, an understanding about the causes that pressure the occurrence of deforestation remains relevant and has a leading role in the world. Therefore, the aim of this study is to perform the analysis of the spatial variability of the reasons for the deforestation in the Amazon Biome, in Brazil, (2010–2019). To achieve this goal, 14 variables were selected, the choice and adjustment of the regression model were determined and a diagnosis was carried out in order to verify the most appropriate model. To achieve this purpose, a geographic database was structured in a geographic information system environment. The main results revealed that the adjusted R2 of the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) was 0.96, that is, the GWR model explains 96% of the variations in deforestation. Therefore, it was observed a significant gain when using this model. In addition, it was also observed that the average variable of the number of oxen was, among those analyzed, the one that showed the highest correlation with deforestation. Thus, it was found that the livestock sector in southern Amazonia is the main economic agent that pressures large areas of deforestation, since stockfarming is practiced extensively. Finally, it was concluded that the municipalities with the largest areas of deforestation formed a cluster in the southern portion of the Amazon, in the arc of deforestation.

An increase in active fire data in the Amazon puts the entire international community on alert, as they may result in fires and deforestation. Thus, this study aims to present the dynamics of active fire data and their relationship with the fires in 16 Regularized Indigenous Lands (RILs) located entirely in the state of Rondonia, in the southern amazon. The entire historical series of active fire data (from 1998 to 2020) were obtained to achieve the objectives, and nine Landsat-OLI scenes from September 2020 were processed. The active fire data dynamics revealed that the correlation coefficient between the total number of active fire data in the immediate surroundings (10 km) and the number of active fire data within the analyzed indigenous land areas was higher than 0.7. This means that the variation in the number of fire outbreaks within indigenous lands can be explained by the number of outbreaks occurring outside them. Image processing revealed 11 classes of land use and land cover with an overall accuracy of 92%. Based on the mapping of land use and cover for the nine Landsat scenes, it is possible to verify that the burnt area totaled 3,943.50 km2. Besides, 953.90 km2 (24.19%) were located entirely within the indigenous lands, mainly on the Massaco and Uru Eu Wau Wau indigenous lands. By analyzing the density of active fire data, it is possible to verify that most of the outbreaks are located at the edges of the RILs. This shows that these areas work as a barrier to the spread of fire in the South of the Brazilian Amazon. Thus, despite the identification of regions burnt within indigenous lands, the study concluded that RILs are essential for protecting the Amazon's native vegetation.

Mining is an essential activity for the nation, mainly due to the generation of jobs and income. However, it generates various impacts that vary according to the particularities of mining as well as the type of ore. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the mining projects near or in protected areas in the State of Rondonia. They used data mining processes that have shown a high interest in minerals such as cassiterite and gold. Through GIS, it was observed that the Rondonia Protected Areas are about diverse interests who continually offer great pressures on UC’s. Such pressures in often occur illegally, demonstrating the importance of actions to ensure the conservation of natural resources. RESUMO A mineracao e uma atividade imprescindivel para a nacao, devido principalmente a geracao de empregos e renda. No entanto, gera diversos impactos que variam de acordo com as peculiaridades de lavra, bem como o tipo de minerio. Sendo assim, o presente estudo se propos caracterizar os empreendimentos minerarios proximos ou em Unidades de Conservacao no Estado de Rondonia. Foram utilizados dados de processos de mineracao que demonstraram um alto interesse por minerais como cassiterita e ouro. Por meio de geoprocessamento, observou-se que as Unidades de Conservacao de Rondonia estao sobre diversos interesses que continuamente oferecem grandes pressoes sobre as UC’s. Tais pressoes, em muitas vezes, ocorrem de forma ilegal, demonstrando a importância de acoes que assegurem a conservacao dos recursos naturais.

Resumo O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o percentual de áreas verdes nas Regiões Norte, Noroeste e Meia Ponte da cidade de Goiânia-Goiás, Brasil. Foi aplicado o Índice de Áreas Verdes (lAV), conforme princípios metodológicos que utilizam indicadores dependentes da demografia, expressos pela relação de superfícies de áreas verdes por habitantes. Para a quantificação do IAV, foram utilizadas técnicas de interpretação de imagens de sensoriamento remoto na elaboração do mapa de cobertura vegetal, associada à técnica dasimétrica de mapeamento da densidade demográfica. Como resultado, obteve-se a avaliação entre a distribuição espacial do IAV, o quantitativo populacional e a qualidade ambiental urbana. Observou-se que existe uma correlação de desigualdade entre o nível quanti-qualitativo dos espaços verdes, em que estes estão subordinados à especulação imobiliária e à sua manutenção. Ideias destacadas: artigo de pesquisa que consiste na aplicação de ferramentas da geotecnologia para o mapeamento do índice de áreas verdes na cidade de Goiânia e sua relação com a qualidade ambiental urbana. Abstract The objective of the study was to determine the percentage of green areas in the Northern, Northwestern, and Meia Ponte zones of the city of Goiânia-Goiás, Brazil. The Green Area Index (GAI) was applied, in conformity with the methodological principles used by indicators that depend on demographics, expressed by the ratio of green area surfaces per inhabitant. The GAI was quantified by interpreting remote sensing images to draw the vegetation cover map, and dasymetric mapping was used for demographic density. Results made it possible to evaluate the relation among spatial distribution of the GAI, population quantity, and urban environmental quality. It has been observed an unbalanced correlation between the quantitative-qualitative levels of green areas, which are subordinate to its greenery maintenance and real estate speculation. Main Ideas: Research article that applies geo-technology tools to map the Green Area Index in the city of Goiânia and its relation to urban environmental quality. Resumen El propósito del estudio fue evaluar el porcentaje de áreas verdes en las regiones Norte, Noroeste y Meia Ponte de la ciudad de Goiânia-Goiás, Brasil. Se empleó el Índice de Áreas Verdes (IAV), de acuerdo con principios metodológicos que utilizan indicadores dependientes de la demografía, expresados por la relación de superficies de áreas verdes por habitantes. Para cuantificar el IAV, se utilizaron técnicas de interpretación de imágenes de detección remota en la elaboración del mapa de cobertura vegetal, asociada a la técnica dasimétrica de mapeo de la densidad demográfica. Como resultado, se obtuvo la evaluación entre la distribución espacial del IAV, la cuantificación poblacional y la calidad ambiental urbana. Se observó la correlación de desigualdad entre el nivel cuantitativo-cualitativo de los espacios verdes, donde estos son sometidos a la especulación inmobiliaria y a su mantenimiento. Ideas destacadas: artículo de investigación que consiste en aplicar herramientas de la geotecnología para mapear el índice de áreas verdes en la ciudad de Goiânia y su relación con la calidad ambiental urbana.

The main goal of this article is to evaluate the relationship between the spatial distribution of the population of the city of Belo Horizonte, one of the largest cities in South America, and its public transport network, seeking to ascertain whether the current bus network is able to meet the needs of the population. The methodology was based on data processing and vector information from different sources through spatial analysis tools. As expected, the results revealed a greater concentration of routes and bus stops in the central region of Belo Horizonte, which is the main commercial center of the municipality and its metropolitan region. However, the results suggest evidences of a disadvantage for the population with lower income, especially those living on the periphery. A possible explanation for this disadvantage is the invisibility of these communities due to their high level of irregular occupation. Under the eyes of public transport planning, they are not recognized, and, theoretically, do not generate demand for lines and bus stops

The southwest Brazilian Amazon state of Rondonia has a relatively recent non-indigenous occupation, which subsequently develops a variety of human pressures and conflicts of interest presently identified in the region. Given such framework, it is worthwhile to note that there are 57 Conservation Units that must guarantee the biodiversity protection of Amazonia biome. However, due to the need for electricity and the international high demand for minerals, the highlighted scenario has dramatically changed in recent years. Official data from mining processes in the studied area demonstrated the existence of high interest for minerals, especially cassiterite and gold. Mining is indeed an essential activity for the nation mainly due to the generation of jobs and income. On the other hand, it produces several environmental and social impacts that vary accordingly to the peculiarities of the mining and with respect to the type of ore. Therefore, this research work investigated the concentration of mining projects in the state of Rondonia and complementarily evaluated the impact of such activities on areas of environmental protection. Landsat 8 OLI imageries were employed to map the diversity of land covers across the study area and also to evaluate the corresponding impact of mining activities. More than 500 processes have been identified within the Conservation Units. A significant part of the mining areas, covering about 26 km2, was observed inside one of the three types of evaluated areas (Integral Protection Sustainable Use Conservation Units and Damping Zone), clearly showing the development of the illegal activity, as defined in terms of the National System of Conservation Units. If deforestation is considered in this analysis, the area increases to about 6110 km2, representing more than 5.2% of the Conservation Units. In addition, we proposed the creation of the Mining Pressure Index (MPI), which allows classifying a Conservation Unit by the degree of pressure from mining activities. The proposed index revealed to be very efficient since it predicted high values over Conservation Units where it was expected a greater vulnerability. The index is a promising tool for public policy formulation and management of protected areas, as well as for enforcement action. The results provide a new horizon in terms of the perspective of importance and applicability of geotechnologies in the evaluation of environmental impacts, not restricted to mining activity.

No municipio de Ji-Parana/RO, a ocupacao urbana ocorreu de forma desordenada as margens dos rios Urupa e Machado, tornando parte da area urbana suscetivel a inundacoes. O presente estudo teve como objetivo a caracterizacao do uso recente do solo em seis bacias hidrograficas que integram o perimetro urbano de Ji-Parana, a partir da utilizacao do processamento digital de imagens (PDI), sendo verificado que todas elas possuem mais de 20% de sua area impermeabilizada. Tambem foi verificada a influencia da urbanizacao das bacias no escoamento superficial, com base nos dados provenientes da analise de chuvas intensas, sendo mensurado o tempo de concentracao (tc) pelo metodo de George Ribeiro, Kirpich e Kirpich Modificado; o coeficiente de escoamento superficial (C) pelos metodos de Horner e Fantoli; e as vazoes maximas de projeto (Q) pelo metodo racional; cujos resultados nao diferiram estatisticamente. A B S T R A C T Urban occupation in the city of Ji-Parana/RO occurred on the banks of Urupa river and Machado river in a disorderly manner, making part of the urban area susceptible to floods. This study aimed to characterize the current land use in six watersheds that comprise the urban perimeter of Ji-Parana using the digital image processing (DIP). It was found that all of them have more than 20% of its area impermeable. The influence of urbanization of watersheds in the runoff was observed based on data from the analysis of heavy rainfalls, and the time of concentration (tc) was measured by the method of George Ribeiro, Kirpich and Kirpich Modified; the runoff coefficient (C) by the methods of Horner and Fantoli; and the project peak flows (Q) by the rational method; the results were not statistically different. Keywords: Watershed, Digital Image Processing, Heavy rainfall, Concentration Time, Peak Flow.

O município de Ouro Preto do Oeste tem na microbacia do Rio Boa Vista a principal fonte de água para abastecimento público, e vem enfrentando problemas de baixa disponibilidade hídrica durante o período de estiagem. No sentido de compreender melhor a microbacia e de que maneira ocorreu a dinâmica de uso e ocupação da terra na mesma, este estudo realiza uma análise temporal de imagens de satélite para os anos de 1973, 1984, 1993, 2007 e 2018, relacionando às mudanças da paisagem com as características da microbacia e o tipo de atividade econômica, além de propor medidas de gestão dos recursos hídricos que possam melhorar a qualidade e aumentar a disponibilidade hídrica na microbacia. Nos períodos analisados houve um aumento progressivo das áreas antropizadas, passando de 52,59 km² (29,03%) em 1973, para 155,47 km² (85,94%) em 2018. A análise temporal da cobertura vegetal da microbacia do Rio Boa Vista indica um comportamento coerente com o processo vigente nas últimas décadas na região, ou seja, antropização inicial acelerada, com posterior remoção gradual da floresta. Assim, foi possível identificar que os fragmentos de floresta remanescentes estão isolados e que nas porções oeste e sul da microbacia encontram-se as áreas mais vulneráveis as ações de erosão, dado o relevo, o tipo de solo, o elevado índice de antropização e a criação de gado.Palavras–chave: Ocupação da Amazônia, Sensoriamento Remoto, Gestão de Recursos Hídricos.Abstract The county of Ouro Preto do Oeste have the Boa Vista River the primary source of water for public supply and has been facing problems of low water availability during the dry season. In order to better understand the watershed and how the dynamics of use and occupation of the land as well, this study performs a temporal analysis of satellite images since 1973, 1984, 1993, 2007 and 2018, relating to changes of the landscape with the characteristics of the watershed and the type of economic activity, in addition to propose measures of water resources management that can improve the quality and increase the availability of water in the watershed. In the analysed period there was a progressive increase in the areas occupied by man, from 52.59 km² (29.03%) in 1973, to 155.47 km² (85.94%) in 2018. The temporal analysis of the vegetation cover of the watershed of the river Boa Vista indicates a behaviour consistent with the current process in recent decades in the region, i.e. anthropisation accelerated initial, with gradual subsequent removal of the forest. Thus, it was possible to identify that the remaining forest fragments are isolated and that in the West and South portions of the watershed are the most vulnerable areas erosion actions, given the topography, soil type, the high level of anthropisation and cattle breeding.Keywords: Occupation of the Amazon, Remote Sensing, Water Resources Management.

SPACE-TEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF THE LAND USE OF PARK OF CORUMBIARA/RONDÔNIA STATEDINÁMICA ESPACIO-TEMPORAL DE LA CUBIERTA DE LA TIERRA EN EL PARQUE ESTADUAL DE CORUMBIARA/ESTADO DE RONDONIANo Brasil, em especial no estado de Rondônia, a territorialização, impulsionada pelos programas do Governo Federal nos anos 70, resultou na degradação dos recursos naturais. Com isso, o governo do estado criou áreas de proteção ambiental. A partir de tal constatação o trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a dinâmica espacial e temporal da cobertura da terra do Parque Estadual de Corumbiara, em quatro períodos distintos. Para isso, utilizaram-se imagens de sensoriamento remoto orbital dos anos de 1990, 2000, 2014 e 2017, que foram manipuladas em Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIGs), onde empregaram-se técnicas de processamento digital de imagens. Os resultados revelaram as alterações da vegetação ao longo do período analisado e indicou consolidação da área antropizada, que passou de 5.814 hectares, no ano de 1990 para 22.796, no ano de 2017, a uma taxa de crescimento de 74,49% e o fator determinante para tal crescimento foi a redução da área do parque no ano de 2002.Palavras-chave: Áreas Especiais; Amazônia Ocidental; Mapeamento da Vegetação.ABSTRACTIn Brazil, especially in the State of Rondônia, the occupation of territory, driven by programs of the federal government in the 70's, has resulted in the degradation of natural resources. With this, the State Government created environmental protection areas. From such finding, the work aimed to characterize the occupation of physical environment of the Corumbiara State Park, as well as their buffer zone in three distinct periods. For this, it was used remote sensing images of years 1990, 2000, 2014 and 2017, which were handled in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), where techniques of digital image processing were employed. The results revealed vegetation changes during the analyzed period and indicated consolidation of the anthropic area, from 5,814 hectares in 1990 to 22,796 in 2017, at a growth rate of 74.49% and the factor was the reduction of the park area in 2002. The results revealed vegetation changes during the analyzed period and indicated consolidation of the anthropic area, from 5.814 hectares, in the year 1990 to 22.796, in the year 2017, at a growth rate of 74.49% and the determining factor for such growth was the reduction of the park area in the year 2002. Keywords: Special Areas; Western Amazon; Vegetation Mapping.RESUMENEn Brasil, en especial en el estado de Rondônia, la territorialización, impulsada por los programas del gobierno federal en los años 70, resultó en la degradación de los recursos naturales. Con ello, el gobierno del estado creó áreas de protección ambiental. A partir de tal constatación el trabajo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la dinámica espacial y temporal de la cobertura de la tierra del Parque Estadual de Corumbiara, en cuatro períodos distintos. Para ello, se utilizaron imágenes de teledetección de los años 1990, 2000, 2014 y 2017, que fueron manipuladas en Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIGs), donde se emplearon técnicas de procesamiento digital de imágenes. Los resultados revelaron las alteraciones de la vegetación a lo largo del período analizado e indicó la consolidación del área antropizada, que pasó de 5.814 hectáreas, en el año de 1990 a 22.796, en el año 2017, a una tasa de crecimiento del 74,49% y el factor determinante para tal crecimiento fue la reducción del área del parque en el año 2002.Palabras clave: Áreas Especiales; Amazonia Occidental; Mapeo de la Vegetación.

The not indigenous occupation of the Amazon, especially in the Brazilian state of Rondonia, has led to the suppression of indigenous lands. Thus, part of these territories are the current demarcated Indigenous reserves, are often under pressure from the economic activities that surround them. In this context, the purpose of this study is to map and analyze the occupation of the areas surrounding indigenous lands in the state of Rondonia. In order to achieve the objectives, indirect spatial analysis methods, especially using satellite images and map algebra, were applied. The results reveal that the area surrounding all the indigenous lands in the state amounts to 5.504.717, 63 hectares, considering that 1.438.577, 46 hectares are employed for multiple uses, especially extensive cattle raising activities. Among the 20 indigenous reserves in Rondonia, the Rio Omere Indigenous Reserve has the greatest amount of surrounding area that has been developed at 65.36%, followed by the Ribeirao and Lage reservations, at 52.56% and 50, 34%, respectively. On the other hand, the area surrounding the Rio Negro Ocaia reservation is the most intact, with only 0.31% of the area having been cleared. In addition, approximately 70% of the total area of around met anthropic pressure index (API) Low, while 3.54% had API High. Keywords: Occupation of Amazon, Rondonia State, Indigenous Reserve.

O Projeto de Extensão Registrar e desenhar a biogeografia das terras indígenas de Rondônia por meio de mapas mentais foi desenvolvido na Universidade Federal de Rondônia, campus Ji-Paraná, nos Departamentos de Educação Intercultural-DEINTER e de Engenharia Ambiental-DEA. A metodologia contemplou pesquisa na etapa presencial dos alunos na Universidade, campus Ji-Paraná, e trabalho de campo nas aldeias. Utilizou-se de entrevistas e produção coletiva de mapas, desenhos e registros escritos. Além disto, os professores indígenas trabalharam com seus alunos nas escolas das aldeias os mapeamentos biogeográficos partindo das cartas feitas em laboratório, as quais possuíam apenas os limites das terras indígenas. Os principais resultados atingidos foram: os mapas mentais elaborados pelos indígenas e, a partir disso, a discussão sobre os recursos naturais das terras indígenas e seu uso e manejo sustentável e os levantamentos biogeográficos, neste caso foi dado enfoque aos conhecimentos sobre a fauna. Ainda, como um dos resultados do projeto, encontra-se em elaboração, material de apoio ao ensino de Geografia nas terras indígenas.

Foi avaliada a contaminação das praias da orla da parte alta da cidade de Salvador-BA (Barra até Itapoã) em 786 amostras de areia e 266 amostras de fezes caninas, no inverno de 2004 e verão de 2005, com o objetivo de verificar a presença de parasitos caninos de importância zoonótica, responsáveis pelas síndromes da larva migrans visceral e cutânea (LMV e LMC). No laboratório, as amostras foram submetidas às técnicas: centrifugoflutuação, Baermann, sedimentação espontânea e Willis. As amostras de areia apresentaram 29,24% de positividade e as fezes 54,51%. As praias com maior contaminação foram: Rio Vermelho, Piatã, Boca do Rio e Itapoã (34 a 37%) no inverno e Boca do Rio e Itapoã (39%) no verão.Comparando a contaminação desses dois períodos, não houve diferença estatística significante. Os parasitos encontrados foram: Ancylostoma sp, Toxocara sp. Toxascaris, Taeniidae, Trichuris e Ascaris, em ordem decrescente de prevalência. Concluímos que as praias da cidade de Salvador apresentaram índices constantes de contaminação, o que constitui um problema de saúde pública relevante, devido à possibilidade de transmissão de zoonoses.