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This paper attempts to review the environmental geochemical characteristics (re.: enriched elements) in coals of the Late Permian Xuanwei Formation of NW Yunnan, China, and gauge the possible existence of significant relationships with the incidence and distribution of lung cancer in the region. To achieve this goal, 27 samples were collected in this region; the mineralogical characteristics and major and trace elements were analysed; the Pb isotopic composition was traced; the contribution of the source rock was calculated; and principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out. Our current findings are summarized as follows: (1) the minerals are mainly quartz (silica), chamosite, calcite and kaolinite; (2) MnO, SiO2, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd and W are enriched; (3) the LREYs (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm and Eu) and HREYs (Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and Y) have similar enrichment degrees, and the fractionation degree of HREYs is higher than that of LREYs; (4) the source distance restricts the Pb isotope composition; (5) MnO, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu and Cd are controlled by the Emeishan basalt; the origin of SiO2 (authigenic quartz) is unclear; (6) the lung cancer tissue characteristics, PCA, and toxicological characteristics of elements suggest that the main components of enriched elements probably come from V, Cr, Co, Ni and Cd, not SiO2. In conclusion, the carcinogenic elements V, Cr, Co, Ni and Cd may be related to lung cancer. Since our study is highly explorative, this result leaves many interesting aspects to be further studied. Thematic collection: This article is part of the Geochemical processes related to mined, milled, or natural metal deposits collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/topic/collections/geochemical-processes-related-to-mined-milled-or-natural-metal-deposits Supplementary material: The coal mine and coal sample description, major, trace elements, and XRD results of coal as well as regional geological map are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6444476 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paleosedimentary environment and paleoclimate of the Neogene Guantao Formation in the Liaodong sub-uplift of Bohai Bay Basin in China, which is an important oil and gas exploration horizon, are not clear owing to the lack of quantitative analysis. The paleosedimentary environment and paleoclimate can be qualitatively or semi-quantitatively reconstructed by sedimentary geochemical indicators sensitive to the environment and climate. Based on the evaluation of whether the elements and isotopes can effectively record paleosedimentary environment and paleoclimate information or not, the paleoclimate (temperature and humidity), paleoenvironment (salinity, water depth, redox conditions), and evolution of the paleoenvironment and paleoclimate are studied by analyzing the trace elements, carbon and oxygen isotopes, strontium isotopes, whole-rock mineral compositions, and clay minerals of mudstones of the Guantao Formation in the Liaodong sub-uplift, Bohai Bay Basin. The study results show that (1) according to the trace element distribution patterns, high concentrations of continental elements (Ti, Zr, Th), clay minerals, and detrital content, the Guantao Formation is a product of proximal deposits, and the provenance mainly originates from the intermediate–acidic magmatic rocks near surrounding uplifts. (2) The paleoclimate during the sedimentation of the Guantao Formation was mainly semi-arid and semi-humid, as revealed by the Sr/Cu ratio. However, the high Rb/Sr and 87Sr/86Sr ratios demonstrate that the paleoclimate is relatively warm and humid. (3) The paleosedimentary temperature calculated by the Sr content and δ18O is roughly 30 °C, indicating that the Guantao Formation was deposited in a subtropical to tropical climate. (4) The Guantao Formation was deposited in continental freshwater according to the Li, Ni, and Sr content, Sr/Ba ratios, 87Sr/86Sr ratios, and salinity index Z. (5) The water depth of the paleoenvironment of the Guantao Formation is mainly in nearshore shallow water, reflected by the Mn/Ti ratio and calculated by the Co content, and the oxidizing condition of the paleoenvironment of the Guantao Formation, reflected by the U/Th, V/Cr, and Ni/Co ratios, is in a good coupling relationship with this environment. (6) As revealed by the variations in the geochemical data in the section, the temperature, humidity, and water depth of the Guantao Formation gradually increased from the early to late period, while the salinity gradually decreased, and the chemical weathering effect gradually increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu-Au mineralization is rare in the Jurassic-Early Tertiary batholiths related to the India-Asia collision. Geochemical analysis and U-Pb isotope chronology was carried out on Shuangbujiere biotite hornblende granodiorite from the Zedong area. Zircon grains of the biotite hornblende granodiorite show oscillatory growth zonation and have high Th/U ratios of 1.08-2.39, indicating a magmatic origin for the zircons. Geochrological test yielded a LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age of 51.5±1.0 Ma, suggesting that the emplacement age of the biotite hornblende granodiorite is Early Eocene. The Shuangbujiere biotite hornblende granodiorites have geochemical features characteristic of adakite and are associated with a calc-alkaline metaluminous I-type granite enriched in Sr, high in Mg# (49.6-54.9) and Sr/Y, and depleted in Y and Yb. These results indicate that this intrusion formation may have been associated with crustal thickening caused by the early collision of the Indian and Eurasian Plates. As the process of crustal thickening continued, the heating of the underplated basaltic magma caused the thickened lower crust amphibolite to dehydrate the melt and form a high-K calc-alkaline adakitic melt at about 848°C. Meanwhile, magma mixing of the underplated basaltic melt and high-K calc-alkaline adakitic melt formed a high-Mg# adakite representative of the sys-collisional tectonic setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of rhizodeposition on soil C and N availabilities lead to substantial changes of microbial community composition and processes in the rhizosphere of plants. Under heterogeneous light, photosynthates can be translocated or shared between exposed and shaded ramets by clonal integration. Clonal integration may enhance the rhizodeposition of the shaded ramets, which further influences nutrient recycling in their rhizosphere. To test the hypothesis, we conducted a pot experiment by the stoloniferous herb Glechoma longituba subjected to heterogeneous light. Microbial biomass and community composition in the rhizosphere of shaded offspring ramets, assessed by phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) analysis, were markedly altered by clonal integration. Clonal integration positively affected C, N availabilities, invertase and urease activities, N mineralization (Nmin) and nitrification rates (Nnitri) in the rhizosphere of shaded offspring ramets. However, an opposite pattern was also observed in phenoloxidase (POXase) and peroxidase (PODase) activities. Our results demonstrated that clonal integration facilitated N assimilation and uptake in the rhizosphere of shaded offspring ramets. The experiment provides insights into the mechanism of nutrient recycling mediated by clonal integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An eco-environmental geochemical investigation was carried out in and around the Dexing mining area to determine the concentrations of heavy metals in the surface water, sediments, soils and plants. The main objective of this study is to assess the environmental situation and evaluate the transferring of heavy metals from mining activities into the food chain. Some samples of water, sediment, topsoil and plant were collected along the Lean River in the Dexing mining area. The total concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, and As were determined by AAS, and Hg was analyzed by cold-vapor AAS. Some indices such as 'contamination degree', 'geo-accumulation index', and 'biological absorption coefficient' were used to assess eco-environmental quality. The investigation indicated a highly localized distribution pattern closely associated with the two pollution sources along the Le'an River bank: one is strong acidity and a large amount of Cu in the drainage from the Dexing Cu mining area; and the other is the high concentrations of Pb and Zn in the effluents released from many smelters and mining, processing and extracting activities in the riparian zone. Results from the investigated localities indicated, at least in part, that some problems associated with environmental quality deterioration should be solved in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study that determined geochemical baseline models and assessed the contributions of trace elements from natural and anthropogenic sources in the Panzhihua mining area in China. Background on Panzhihua; Adoption of a normalization procedure to establish geochemical baselines; Analytical results and relevant parameters for trace metals in topsoil samples from the area.

The article discusses a study on lead isotopic geochemistry of Nuri copper-tungsten-molybdenum (Cu-W-Mo) Deposit and highlights its implications in Shannan Area, Southern Tibet, China. It mentions that ore sulphides of Nuri deposit have the same lead isotopic compositions as magmatic rocks. It states that ore sulphides have localized distributions within Gangdese batholith range. It also mentions that ore-bearing intrusions and ore sulphides have lead isotopic composition.

The contemporaneous mafic and intermediate dikes of a continental magmatic arc provide a window into the magma feeding system at depth. Here we integrate data on the elemental and Sr-Nd-Hf isotope geochemistry, petrology, mineralogy, and zircon geochronology of late Permian dikes in the East Kunlun Orogen, northern Tibetan Plateau, discuss the petrogenesis of the dikes, and reconstruct the nature and relationship of different magma reservoirs. The dikes are porphyritic diabases, lamprophyres and diorite porphyries that crystallized between 259 and 255 Ma, coeval with their host granodiorites. Geochemical and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic data indicate the parental magma of the porphyritic diabases and lamprophyres was derived from enriched lithospheric mantle. This magma underplated the crust and underwent varying degrees of magma recharging, crustal assimilation, and fractional crystallization dominated by olivine, pyroxene, and hornblende. This evolved basaltic magmas ascended through the crust, undergoing further differentiation, and some magma entered mid-crustal reservoirs occupied by felsic crystal mushes, rejuvenating the mushes. The subsequent mixing of mafic and felsic materials formed the precursor magmas of the intermediate dikes. Our new data reveal that the magmas stagnated mainly in reservoirs at two levels, 26–32 and 9–18 km, based on hornblende barometry. The underplating, assimilation, and replenishment of basaltic magmas in the lower crust, and their eventual emplacement and differentiation in a mid-crustal reservoir, controlled the mineralogy and geochemistry of the mafic dikes, while the rejuvenation of crystal mushes, the mixing of mafic and felsic materials, and differentiation account for the compositional features of the diorite porphyries. This study shows that the trans-crustal magma feeding system, which controls the compositions of several dispersed but interconnected magma reservoirs, is the key to understanding the compositional diversity and igneous petrogenesis in continental arcs. • Intermediate-mafic dikes in the EKOB were coevally formed at ca. 259–255 Ma. • Magma reservoirs stagnated at two different depths were identified. • Multiple magma processes controlled the compositional diversity of dike swarms. • Mush rejuvenation and magma mixing played key role in magma feeding system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate analysis of osmium is important in geochemistry and geochronology. The current osmium analytical methods often suffer from low sensitivity, multi-step extraction, high procedural blank, and severe memory effect. In this work, a highly sensitive and simple method for the determination of osmium in natural waters was developed by coupling inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry with photochemical vapor generation. The procedural blank is low due to the needlessness of high concentration strong oxidant. What's more, the memory effect was successfully solved by using 5.0% ammonium hydroxide elution instead of using concentrated inorganic acid or oxidant reagent reported before. The influences of the concentration of nitric acid, the flow rate of carrier gas, the photo irradiation time on osmium detection were investigated. Under optimized conditions, the detection limit was 0.8 pg mL − 1 . A precision of 3.2% (RSD, n = 5) was achieved at a concentration of 1 ng mL − 1 . The accuracy is successfully validated in several natural water samples with spike recoveries from 97% to 106%. The proposed method is sensitive, simple, low blank, and memory effect-free, which has a great potential in relevant geochemistry and geochronology study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]