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Creating wheat genotypes characterized by high grain yield, high protein content, and favorable amino acid composition is the main goal of breeders, especially in developing countries where wheat is a staple food. An experiment with 20 wheat genotypes, released through breeding activities in the Serbian region at different periods and adapted to its pedoclimatic conditions, was conducted with the aim of determining the genetic potential of the analyzed genotypes for grain yield and quality. Due to the divergence of the examined wheat germplasm, the factor of genotype had the largest share in the variation of all yield parameters (>66%). The genotypes Zadruga and Agrounija exhibited superior abilities for overall grain yield. Also, genotype Zadruga stood out in a distinct cluster group due to high values of both thousand grain weight and grain yield per plant. A continuous improvement in protein content was found, with newer genotypes having 17.13% higher protein content compared with older genotypes. Genotype Sloga stood out with the highest protein content (13.93%). On the other hand, the old genotype Balkan was distinguished by the highest content of nonessential amino acids (61.5 g 100 g−1 protein), which makes it a good genetic resource. Genotypes Agrounija (32.62 g 100 g−1 protein) and Tanjugovka (32.47 g 100 g−1 protein) had the highest content of essential amino acids. The highest AAS value was established for tryptophan (1.81) and the lowest for lysine (0.61). Genotypes Tanjugovka and Zadruga had the highest AAS, i.e., protein completeness. The genotypes Zadruga, Tanjugovka, Agrounija, and Sloga have demonstrated high-yield capacity and possess a favorable amino acid profile, making them promising candidates for enhancing the nutritional quality of wheat and potentially benefiting human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The study presents results of a three-year experiment of variability of different potato varieties in Montenegro: early maturity varieties (Riviera), medium early (Almera, Aladin and Bounty) and medium late (Agria, Margarita, Kennebec and Desiree). The research was conducted during 2015, 2016 and 2017, in acid, brown soil and three different climatic locations: Nedakusi (556 m a.s.l.), Sutivan (680 m a.s.l.) and Orahovica (900 m a.s.l.). Field experiments were set up using standard methodology in random block design in three repetitions. The analysis of variance suggest that number of tubers per plant, mean tuber weight, yield of small tubers, marketable and total yields were significantly fluctuating depending on genotype (G), year (Y) and the location (L). In addition to individual influences of different factors, their interactions were also pronounced (G x Y, G x L, Y x L, G x Y x L). In the three-year period average, the highest total yield was recorded in Nedakusi (31.41 t ha-1), followed by Sutivan (21.35 t ha-1), while the lowest average yield (17.36 t ha-1) was recorded in Orahovica. As expected, on the three-year average, the highest percentage of dry matter was found in late varieties Agria - 25.46%, then Desiree - 25.33%, followed by Kennebec with 25.13%, while the lowest percentage of dry matter was found in medium early variety Almera - 20.82%. The highest average yield of tubers in the three-year period was recorded in the Aladin variety, followed by Agria and Desiree, while the lowest average yield was recorded in the variety Riviera. Obtained results show that the highest yields over observed locations were recorded in medium early varieties that formed high number of tubers per plant (Aladin) and medium late varieties (Desiree and Agria) give satisfactory and stable yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Field & Vegetable Crops Research / Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo is the property of Institute of Field & Vegetable Crops and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effect of genotype, seed category and year on yield components (number of spikelets per spike, grain number per spike, grain weight per spike and thousand grain weight) for three wheat genotypes were studied during a two-year research. Genotype PKB Lepoklasa and seed category prebasic seed had the highest values for the largest number of the studied traits, while the genotype BG Merkur and the certified seed of the first generation had the lowest values. Higher values for the studied traits were found in 2010, compared to 2009. AMMI analysis established a significant effect of the interaction of factors and main components (PCA 1 and PCA 2) for all investigated traits except thousand grain weight. The genotype PKB Talas was the most stable, while the genotype PKB Lepoklasa was the least stable. Seed categories certified seed of the first generation and basic seed had similar reactions to the interaction between factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]