12 results on '"genotying"'
Search Results
2. Type-specific HPV and Pap test results among low-income, underserved women: providing insights into management strategies
- Author
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Saraiya, Mona, Benard, Vicki B, Greek, April A, Steinau, Martin, Patel, Sonya, Massad, L Stewart, Sawaya, George F, and Unger, Elizabeth R
- Subjects
Reproductive Medicine ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Research ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Health Services ,Sexually Transmitted Infections ,Cervical Cancer ,Cancer ,Prevention ,Infectious Diseases ,4.4 Population screening ,Detection ,screening and diagnosis ,Good Health and Well Being ,Adult ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Early Detection of Cancer ,Female ,Humans ,Illinois ,Middle Aged ,Papanicolaou Test ,Papillomavirus Infections ,Poverty ,Prospective Studies ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,Vaginal Smears ,Vulnerable Populations ,Uterine Cervical Dysplasia ,cotesting ,genotying ,HPV testing ,Pap test ,underserved populations ,Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine ,Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine ,Reproductive medicine - Abstract
ObjectiveThe primary cervical cancer screening strategy for women over age 30 is high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) testing combined with Papanicolaou (Pap) testing (cotesting) every 5 years. This combination strategy is a preventive service that is required by the Affordable Care Act to be covered with no cost-sharing by most health insurance plans. The cotesting recommendation was made based entirely on prospective data from an insured population that may have a lower proportion of women with HPV positive and Pap negative results (ie, discordant results). The discordant group represents a very difficult group to manage. If the frequency of discordant results among underserved women is higher, health care providers may perceive the cotesting strategy to be a less favorable screening strategy than traditional Pap testing every 3 years.Study designThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Cervical Cancer Study was conducted at 15 clinics in 6 federally qualified health centers across Illinois. Providers at these clinics were given the option of cotesting for routine cervical cancer screening. Type-specific HPV detection was performed on residual extracts using linear array.ResultsPap test results were abnormal in 6.0% and HPV was positive in 7.2% of the underserved women screened in this study (mean age, 45.1 years). HPV prevalence decreased with age, from 10.3% among 30- to 39-year-olds to 4.5% among 50- to 60-year-olds. About 5% of the women had a combination of a positive HPV test and normal Pap test results; HPV 16/18 was identified in 14% of discordant women.ConclusionThe rate of discordant results among underserved women was similar to those reported throughout the US in a variety of populations. Typing for HPV 16/18 appears to assist in the management in a small proportion of women with discordant results.
- Published
- 2014
3. Comparison of the Tellgenplex HPV DNA test with the PCR-reverse dot blot assay for human papillomavirus genotyping
- Author
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Ya-Chao Yao, Nan Li, Liang-Shan Hu, Ya-Hong Li, and Zhi Zhang
- Subjects
human papillomavirus ,genotying ,polymerase chain reaction-reverse ,dot blot ,flowcytometry fluorescence ,hybridization ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 - Abstract
Objective: To access the performance of the Tellgenplex human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test compared to the polymerase chain reaction-reverse dot blot (PCR-RDB) assay for the HPV genotyping. Methods: Sixty cervical swab samples were genotyped by the Tellgenplex HPV DNA test and the PCR-RDB assay. The Tellgenplex HPV DNA test and the PCR-RDB assay can detect 26 and 23 HPV genotypes, respectively. Each sample showed discrepancy was genotyped using sequencing. Results: The percent agreement between the two tests ranged from 83.3% to 100.0% according to different genotype. This showed perfect agreement (>0.81) for high-risk HPV genotypes (35, 39, 45, 53, 56, 59, 66, 68, and 82), substantial agreement (>0.65) for high-risk HPV genotypes (16, 18, 33, 52, and 58) and low-risk HPV genotype 43 between the two assays by the kappa analysis. The positive rates of the two assays for frequent HPV genotypes (16, 35, 39, 45, 52, 53, 58, 59, 66, and 82) were not statistically different, but the PCR-RDB assay showed higher positive rates than the Tellgenplex HPV DNA test for HPV genotypes 81 (P
- Published
- 2018
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- View/download PDF
4. First detection and genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in reindeers (Rangifer tarandus): a zoonotic potential of ITS genotypes
- Author
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Weishi Liu, Chunyu Nie, Longxian Zhang, Rongjun Wang, Aiqin Liu, Wei Zhao, and Heping Li
- Subjects
Enterocytozoon bieneusi ,ITS gene ,Genotying ,Reindeers ,Zoonotic ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common pathogen of 14 microsporidian species infecting humans worldwide. In China, E. bieneusi has been reported in some common livestock and environmental specimens. However, no information is available on occurrence of E. bieneusi in reindeers. The objective of the present study was to detect and genotype E. bieneusi in reindeers in China, and assess the zoonotic potential. Findings 125 fecal specimens were collected from wild reindeers in the northeast forest region of Great Hinggan Mountains of China. By PCR and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene of E. bieneusi, an average infection rate of 16.8 % (21/125) was observed in reindeers. E. bieneusi was detected in two age groups: 7.7 % (3/39) in the youths (aged 1 to 2 years) and 22.2 % (18/81) in the adults (aged 3 to 8 years). Five genotypes were identified: one known genotype Peru6 (n = 6) and four novel genotypes named as CHN-RD1 (n = 12), and CHN-RD 2 to CHN-RD4 (one each). In phylogenetic analysis, all the novel genotypes together with known genotype Peru 6 were clustered into group 1. Conclusions This is the first report of E. bieneusi infection in reindeers, expanding the host range of E. bieneusi. The fact of genotype Peru 6 previously reported in humans and the result of all the novel genotypes falling into zoonotic group 1 suggest the possibility of E. bieneusi transmitted from reindeers to humans.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Comparison of the Tellgenplex HPV DNA test with the PCR-reverse dot blot assay for human papillomavirus genotyping.
- Author
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Yao, Ya-Chao, Li, Nan, Hu, Liang-Shan, Li, Ya-Hong, and Zhang, Zhi
- Abstract
Objective: To access the performance of the Tellgenplex human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test compared to the polymerase chain reaction-reverse dot blot (PCR-RDB) assay for the HPV genotyping. Methods: Sixty cervical swab samples were genotyped by the Tellgenplex HPV DNA test and the PCR-RDB assay. The Tellgenplex HPV DNA test and the PCR-RDB assay can detect 26 and 23 HPV genotypes, respectively. Each sample showed discrepancy was genotyped using sequencing. Results: The percent agreement between the two tests ranged from 83.3% to 100.0% according to different genotype. This showed perfect agreement (>0.81) for high-risk HPV genotypes (35, 39, 45, 53, 56, 59, 66, 68, and 82), substantial agreement (>0.65) for high-risk HPV genotypes (16, 18, 33, 52, and 58) and low-risk HPV genotype 43 between the two assays by the kappa analysis. The positive rates of the two assays for frequent HPV genotypes (16, 35, 39, 45, 52, 53, 58, 59, 66, and 82) were not statistically different, but the PCR-RDB assay showed higher positive rates than the Tellgenplex HPV DNA test for HPV genotypes 81 (P<0.05). As for more than 10 positive results by the Tellgenplex HPV DNA test and/or the PCR-RDB assay, the PCR-RDB assay showed higher relative sensitivity and specificity than the Tellgenplex HPV DNA test for the three HPV genotypes (16, 52, and 81). All HPV genotypes that can be detected by only the Tellgenplex HPV DNA test (HPV genotypes 44 and 55) were confirmed by sequencing. Conclusions: In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the PCR-RDB assay which can detect more multiple HPV genotypes in each specimen shows higher relative sensitivity and specificity than the Tellgenplex HPV DNA test, which makes it a better option for routine clinical use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Editorial: 3Rs approach (replace, reduce and refine animal models) to improve preclinical research.
- Author
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Calvillo, Laura
- Subjects
ANIMAL models in research ,BLOOD-brain barrier ,LAMINAR flow ,COLONIES (Biology) - Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
7. Genotyping of Mycoplasma bovis Isolated from Cattle Suffering from Respiratory Manifestation in Menofia Province, Egypt.
- Author
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Abdeen, Eman E., Mousa, Walid S., and Suelam, Iman I.
- Subjects
- *
MYCOPLASMA bovis , *GENOTYPES , *PSEUDOGENES , *BRONCHOPNEUMONIA , *RNA sequencing - Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis in cattle may cause economic losses in cattle farms. Bovine mycoplasmosis is endemic in Egypt. The aim of the current study to determine the occurrence and molecular characterization of M. bovis strains recovered from cattle in Egypt. M. bovis was isolated by standard methods from nasal swabs, oral and conjunctival swabs of 200 diseased calves with percentages of 40, 15 and 20%, respectively. The examined M. bovis isolates were PCR positive to amplified fragment size 1626 bp of uvrC gene, 1007 bp of gapA gene and 797 bp of p40 pseudogene. Sequence analysis of uvrC gene of the field isolates showed (95.3%) similarity when compared with each other and (100%) identity with M. bovis reference strain (PG45) and the field strains on GenBank. Analysis of gapA gene of M. bovis isolates (Egy-8- Fa-14 and Egy-9-DK-14) showed (100%) identity between each other and (98.2%) identity with the reference strain (PG45). Our isolates showed (98.9% up to 100%) identity when compared with international field strains in GenBank. Concerning analysis of p40 pseudogene our field isolates showed (97.5%) identity when compared with each other, while (Egy-12-Fa-14) showed (99.8%) similarity with both M. bovis PG45 reference and field strains on GenBank. In conclusion M. bovis is circulating in bronchopneumonic calves in Egypt. This is the first record in Egypt to investigate some M. bovis genes by nucleotide sequence analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
8. First isolation and characterization of Edwardsiella tarda from diseased Asian swamp eel, Monopterus albus (Zuiew).
- Author
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Shao, Jianchun, Yuan, Junfa, Shen, Yongliang, Hu, Ruixue, and Gu, Zemao
- Subjects
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EDWARDSIELLA tarda , *MONOPTERUS albus , *FISH diseases , *FISHES , *FISH ecology , *ANIMAL health - Abstract
The article reports on the isolation and characterization of the Edwardsiella tarda from diseased Asian swamp eel known as Monopterus albus (Zuiew). Edwardsiella tarda is the causative agent of edwardsiellosis and has caused significant losses in many marine fish species throughout the world. The commercial importance of Asian swamp eel is also discussed.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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9. Genetic and phenotypic microdiversity of Ochrobactrum spp.
- Author
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Bathe, Stephan, Achouak, Wafa, Hartmann, Anton, Heulin, Thierry, Schloter, Michael, and Lebuhn, Michael
- Subjects
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PHENOTYPES , *GENETICS , *POLYMERASE chain reaction , *RHIZOSPHERE , *BIODIVERSITY - Abstract
The diversity of Ochrobactrum anthropi, Ochrobactrum intermedium, Ochrobactrum tritici and Ochrobactrum grignonense in agricultural soil and on the wheat rhizoplane was investigated. O. anthropi was isolated both from soil and from the rhizoplane, O. intermedium and grignonense only from bulk soil, and O. tritici only from the wheat rhizoplane. On the genetic level, the immunotrapped isolates and a number of strains from culture collection mainly of clinical origin were compared with rep-PCR profiling using BOX primers, and a subset of these isolates and strains using REP primers. The isolates clustered according to their species affiliation. There was no correlation between rep clusters of O. anthropi isolates and habitat (place of isolation). The genetic diversity of Ochrobactrum at the species level as well as microdiversity of O. anthropi (number of BOX groups) was higher in soil than on the rhizoplane. Similarity values from genetic rep-PCR profiles correlated positively with DNA–DNA reassociation percentages. Isolates with >80.7% similarity in BOX profile and >86.4% in rep profile clustered within the same species. Similarity analysis of rep-PCR profiles is hence an alternative to DNA–DNA hybridization as a genomic criterion for species delineation within the genus Ochrobactrum. We used the substrate utilization system BIOLOG-GN to compare the immunotrapped isolates on the phenetic level. For the isolates from bulk soil, substrate utilization versatility (number of utilized substrates) and substrate utilization capacity (mean conversion rate of substrates) were slightly but significantly higher than for the isolates from the rhizoplane. This trend was also seen using API 20E and 20NE systems. Plate counts of total bacteria and the number of immunotrapped Ochrobactrum isolates per gram dry weight were higher for the rhizoplane than for the soil samples. The results of genetic and phenotypic analyses indicated a ‘rhizosphere effect’; the diversity and metabolic capacity of Ochrobactrum isolates were higher in bulk soil, and the population density was higher on the wheat rhizoplane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Detection of human enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 in children with hand, foot and mouth disease in China
- Author
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Yifei Li, Ling Chen, Xiaozhou Mou, Yiming Tang, Fanlong Liu, Charlie Xiang, Qiong Zhang, Li Yuan, and Jian Lin
- Subjects
Male ,China ,Cancer Research ,Genotype ,viruses ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Article ,DNA sequencing ,genotying ,Phylogenetics ,Genetics ,medicine ,Enterovirus 71 ,Humans ,Child ,enterovirus 71 ,Molecular Biology ,Phylogeny ,Enterovirus ,coxsackievirus A16 ,Phylogenetic tree ,Foot-and-mouth disease ,phylogenetic analysis ,Infant ,virus diseases ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Enterovirus A, Human ,Oncology ,Child, Preschool ,Etiology ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease - Abstract
The aims of the present study were to investigate the genetic characteristics of enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) strains in China and to evaluate the relationship between the genotypes of CVA16 and EV71 and their geographical distribution. A total of 399 stool specimens were collected from children with symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Zhejiang Province. The presence of enteroviruses was determined using reverse transcription-semi-nested PCR targeted to the VP1 gene of all human enteroviruses and DNA sequencing. EV71 and CVA16, the major etiological agents of HFMD, were detected in 38.4% (38/99) and 35.4% (35/99) of HEV-A species-positive cases, respectively. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 gene, EV71 strains identified in this study belong to subgenotype C4, and CVA16 strains herein were classified into clusters B2a and B2b within the genotype B2. Taking into consideration other published data, we conclude that the genetic characteristics of enteroviruses in China reflect the pattern of the endemic circulation of the subgenotype C4 to EV71 and clusters B2a and B2b within genotype B2 to CVA16, which have been continuously circulating in China since 1997. This observation indicates that the genetic characteristics of enteroviruses in China seem to depend on their special geographical and climatical features allowing them to be sustained with little external effect.
- Published
- 2012
11. First detection and genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in reindeers (Rangifer tarandus): a zoonotic potential of ITS genotypes
- Author
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Aiqin Liu, Weishi Liu, Longxian Zhang, Chunyu Nie, Rongjun Wang, Wei Zhao, and Heping Li
- Subjects
Male ,Veterinary medicine ,China ,Genotying ,Genotype ,Enterocytozoon bieneusi ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Short Report ,Microsporidiosis ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Host Specificity ,fluids and secretions ,Zoonoses ,parasitic diseases ,DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Base sequence ,Genotyping ,Phylogeny ,biology ,Base Sequence ,fungi ,Zoonotic ,virus diseases ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Enterocytozoon ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Reindeers ,ITS gene ,Infectious Diseases ,Parasitology ,Female ,Host specificity ,Reindeer - Abstract
Background Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common pathogen of 14 microsporidian species infecting humans worldwide. In China, E. bieneusi has been reported in some common livestock and environmental specimens. However, no information is available on occurrence of E. bieneusi in reindeers. The objective of the present study was to detect and genotype E. bieneusi in reindeers in China, and assess the zoonotic potential. Findings 125 fecal specimens were collected from wild reindeers in the northeast forest region of Great Hinggan Mountains of China. By PCR and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene of E. bieneusi, an average infection rate of 16.8 % (21/125) was observed in reindeers. E. bieneusi was detected in two age groups: 7.7 % (3/39) in the youths (aged 1 to 2 years) and 22.2 % (18/81) in the adults (aged 3 to 8 years). Five genotypes were identified: one known genotype Peru6 (n = 6) and four novel genotypes named as CHN-RD1 (n = 12), and CHN-RD 2 to CHN-RD4 (one each). In phylogenetic analysis, all the novel genotypes together with known genotype Peru 6 were clustered into group 1. Conclusions This is the first report of E. bieneusi infection in reindeers, expanding the host range of E. bieneusi. The fact of genotype Peru 6 previously reported in humans and the result of all the novel genotypes falling into zoonotic group 1 suggest the possibility of E. bieneusi transmitted from reindeers to humans.
- Published
- 2015
12. Type-specific HPV and Pap test results among low-income, underserved women: providing insights into management strategies
- Author
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Vicki B. Benard, L. Stewart Massad, Elizabeth R. Unger, Martin Steinau, Mona Saraiya, April Greek, George F. Sawaya, and Sonya Patel
- Subjects
Cross-sectional study ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,underserved populations ,Cervical Cancer ,genotying ,Underserved Population ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Early Detection of Cancer ,Cancer ,Cervical cancer ,screening and diagnosis ,education.field_of_study ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Obstetrics ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Health Services ,Middle Aged ,Detection ,Infectious Diseases ,Female ,4.4 Population screening ,Papanicolaou Test ,HPV testing ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Population ,Papanicolaou stain ,Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ,Vulnerable Populations ,Article ,Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine ,Clinical Research ,Humans ,Pap test ,Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ,Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine ,education ,Poverty ,Gynecology ,Vaginal Smears ,business.industry ,Prevention ,Papillomavirus Infections ,medicine.disease ,Uterine Cervical Dysplasia ,Good Health and Well Being ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Sexually Transmitted Infections ,Illinois ,business ,cotesting - Abstract
Objective The primary cervical cancer screening strategy for women over age 30 is high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) testing combined with Papanicolaou (Pap) testing (cotesting) every 5 years. This combination strategy is a preventive service that is required by the Affordable Care Act to be covered with no cost-sharing by most health insurance plans. The cotesting recommendation was made based entirely on prospective data from an insured population that may have a lower proportion of women with HPV positive and Pap negative results (ie, discordant results). The discordant group represents a very difficult group to manage. If the frequency of discordant results among underserved women is higher, health care providers may perceive the cotesting strategy to be a less favorable screening strategy than traditional Pap testing every 3 years. Study Design The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Cervical Cancer Study was conducted at 15 clinics in 6 federally qualified health centers across Illinois. Providers at these clinics were given the option of cotesting for routine cervical cancer screening. Type-specific HPV detection was performed on residual extracts using linear array. Results Pap test results were abnormal in 6.0% and HPV was positive in 7.2% of the underserved women screened in this study (mean age, 45.1 years). HPV prevalence decreased with age, from 10.3% among 30- to 39-year-olds to 4.5% among 50- to 60-year-olds. About 5% of the women had a combination of a positive HPV test and normal Pap test results; HPV 16/18 was identified in 14% of discordant women. Conclusion The rate of discordant results among underserved women was similar to those reported throughout the US in a variety of populations. Typing for HPV 16/18 appears to assist in the management in a small proportion of women with discordant results.
- Published
- 2014
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