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Hard-to-replicate regions of chromosomes (e.g., pericentromeres, centromeres, and telomeres) impede replication fork progression, eventually leading, in the event of replication stress, to chromosome fragility, aging, and cancer. Our knowledge of the mechanisms controlling the stability of these regions is essentially limited to telomeres, where fragility is counteracted by the shelterin proteins. Here we show that the shelterin subunit TRF2 ensures progression of the replication fork through pericentromeric heterochromatin, but not centromeric chromatin. In a process involving its N-terminal basic domain, TRF2 binds to pericentromeric Satellite III sequences during S phase, allowing the recruitment of the G-quadruplex-resolving helicase RTEL1 to facilitate fork progression. We also show that TRF2 is required for the stability of other heterochromatic regions localized throughout the genome, paving the way for future research on heterochromatic replication and its relationship with aging and cancer., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Oceanobacillus picturae is a strain of a moderately halophilic bacterium, first isolated from a mural painting. We demonstrate, for the first time, the culture of human Oceanobacillus picturae, strain S1, whose genome is described here, from a stool sample collected from a 25-year-old Saoudian healthy individual. We used a slightly modified standard culture medium adding 100 g/L of NaCl. We provide a short description of this strain including its MALDI-TOF spectrum, the main identification tool currently used in clinical microbiology. The 3,675,175 bp long genome exhibits a G + C content of 39.15 % and contains 3666 protein-coding and 157 RNA genes. The draft genome sequence of Oceanobacillus picturae has a similar size to the Oceanobacillus kimchii (respectively 3.67 Mb versus 3.83 Mb). The G + C content was higher compared with Oceanobacillus kimchii (respectively 39.15 % and 35.2 %). Oceanobacillus picturae shared almost identical number of genes (3823 genes versus 3879 genes), with a similar ratio of genes per Mb (1041 genes/Mb versus 1012 genes/Mb). The genome sequencing of Oceanobacillus picturae strain S1 isolated for the first time in a human, will be added to the 778 genome projects from the gastrointestinal tract listed by the international consortium Human Microbiome Project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacteroides neonati strain MS4, is the type strain of Bacteroides neonati sp. nov., a new species within the genus Bacteroides. This strain, whose genome is described here, was isolated from a premature neonate stool sample. B. neonati strain MS4 is an obligate anaerobic Gram-negative bacillus. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. The 5.03 Mbp long genome exhibits a G+C content of 43.53% and contains 4,415 protein-coding and 91 RNA genes, including 9 rRNA genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fenollaria massiliensis strain 9401234, is the type strain of Fenollaria massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new species within a new genus Fenollaria. This strain, whose genome is described here, was isolated from an osteoarticular sample. F. massiliensis strain 9401234 is an obligate anaerobic Gram-negative bacillus. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. The 1.71 Mbp long genome exhibits a G+C content of 34.46% and contains 1,667 protein-coding and 30 RNA genes, including 3 rRNA genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anaerococcus provenciensis strain 9402080 sp. nov. is the type strain of A. provenciensis sp. nov., a new species within the genus Anaerococcus. This strain was isolated from a cervical abscess sample. A. provenciensis is a Gram-positive anaerobic cocci. Here, we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. The 2.26 Mbp long genome contains 2099 protein-coding and 57 RNA genes including 8 rRNA genes and exhibits a G+C content of 33.48%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anaerococcus pacaensis strain 9403502, is the type strain of Anaerococcus pacaensis sp. nov., a new species within a new genus Anaerococcus. This strain, whose genome is described here, was isolated from a blood sample. A. pacaensis strain 9403502 is an obligate anaerobic Gram-positive coccus. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. The 2.36 Mbp long genome exhibits a G+C content of 35.05% and contains 2,186 protein-coding and 72 RNA genes, including 3 rRNA genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]