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With the increasing development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), labeling regulations have been introduced, which require appropriate detection methods. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique has been the mainstay for GMO detection, especially for event-specific qualitative and quantitative PCR detection methods, which have become the internationally agreed state-of-art. This paper describes the character and event-specific quantitative detection method of DP-356043-5 (356043) soybean. In this research, the flanking regions were characterized by inverse PCR (I-PCR). Furthermore, the event-specific PCR primers and TaqMan probe were designed based on the discovered right and left flanking sequences. In the qualitative PCR assay, PCR systems were established with the species-specific and event-specific primers, respectively. And event-specific primers were established on both right and left flanking sequences; the limit of detection (LOD) was both 0.05% (approximates to 42 haploid genome copies). In the quantitative TaqMan real-time PCR assay, we obtained standard curves with good linearity and relatively high efficiency of PCR. All the results indicated that the established event-specific qualitative and quantitative PCR systems for 356043 soybean in this study were reliable and suitable for 356043 soybean detection in mixed samples. Besides, based on the flanking sequence information we obtained, not only the qualitative and quantitative PCR system for detecting 356043 soybean can be established, but also some other novel event-specific detection methods using gene microarray, biosensor, etc., with target sequence on them can also be developed, which have a good value for detecting 356043 soybean.

We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a Chinese Han population by genotyping 1,047 cases and 1,205 controls using Illumina Human610-Quad BeadChips and replicating 78 SNPs in two additional cohorts (3,152 cases and 7,050 controls). We identified nine new susceptibility loci (ETS1, IKZF1, RASGRP3, SLC15A4, TNIP1, 7q11.23, 10q11.22, 11q23.3 and 16p11.2; 1.77 x 10(-25) < or = P(combined) < or = 2.77 x 10(-8)) and confirmed seven previously reported loci (BLK, IRF5, STAT4, TNFAIP3, TNFSF4, 6q21 and 22q11.21; 5.17 x 10(-42) < or = P(combined) < or = 5.18 x 10(-12)). Comparison with previous GWAS findings highlighted the genetic heterogeneity of SLE susceptibility between Chinese Han and European populations. This study not only advances our understanding of the genetic basis of SLE but also highlights the value of performing GWAS in diverse ancestral populations.

Objective.To determine the association of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the TNIP1 gene and compare the expression of this gene in cases and controls from a Chinese Han population in this replication study.Methods.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to genotype 19 SNP in TNIP1 in Chinese Han patients with SLE (n = 341) and controls (n = 356). Genotypes were analyzed by codominant, dominant, and recessive models. Analysis of allele frequencies and linkage disequilibrium was also performed. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to measure the expression of these genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of SLE cases and controls.Results.Seven SNP loci were significantly associated with SLE in our population (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). Two TNIP1 gene haplotypes (ATTGCGC and GTCCTAT) were associated with SLE (p = 0.0246 and p = 0.0024, respectively). Western blotting and qRT-PCR results provide evidence that patients with SLE had significantly reduced expression of TNIP1/ABIN-1 relative to controls.Conclusion.Analysis of SNP in the TNIP1 gene and expression of this gene in peripheral blood lymphocytes indicated these SNP were associated with the occurrence of SLE in Han Chinese patients. Future studies should examine the roles of these SNP in the pathogenesis of SLE.