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1. Genetics of paroxysmal dyskinesias.

Author

Weber YG and Lerche H

Subjects
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 genetics, Glucose Transporter Type 1 genetics, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I genetics, Humans, Minor Histocompatibility Antigens, Chorea genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetics
Abstract

Paroxysmal dyskinesias (PDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by sudden attacks of involuntary movements that are mostly a combination of dystonia, chorea, athetosis, and ballism. They can sometimes be symptomatic, but usually an underlying cerebral lesion is not present. Most PDs have a genetic background and are divided into kinesigenic, nonkinesigenic, and exercise-induced forms. Recently, the first genes have been identified for paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia (MR1) and paroxysmal exercise-induced dyskinesia (PED) (SLC2A1). Whereas the function of the MR-1 protein and the pathophysiology are still poorly understood, mutations in SLC2A1 and their functional characterization predict a reduced transport of glucose across the blood-brain barrier as the underlying mechanism of PED. A locus on chromosome 16 has been described for the kinesigenic forms, but the underlying genetic alterations are unknown. This review summarizes clinical symptoms of the PDs, imaging findings, therapeutic options, and the pathophysiologic background.

Published
2009
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2. Shared genetic basis between genetic generalized epilepsy and background electroencephalographic oscillations

Author

Stevelink, Remi, Luykx, Jurjen J, Lin, Bochao D, Leu, Costin, Lal, Dennis, Smith, Alexander W, Schijven, Dick, Carpay, Johannes A, Rademaker, Koen, Baldez, Roiza A Rodrigues, Devinsky, Orrin, Braun, Kees PJ, Jansen, Floor E, Smit, Dirk JA, Koeleman, Bobby PC, Abou‐Khalil, Bassel, Auce, Pauls, Avbersek, Andreja, Bahlo, Melanie, Balding, David J, Bast, Thomas, Baum, Larry, Becker, Albert J, Becker, Felicitas, Berghuis, Bianca, Berkovic, Samuel F, Boysen, Katja E, Bradfield, Jonathan P, Brody, Lawrence C, Buono, Russell J, Campbell, Ellen, Cascino, Gregory D, Catarino, Claudia B, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L, Cherny, Stacey S, Chinthapalli, Krishna, Coffey, Alison J, Compston, Alastair, Coppola, Antonietta, Cossette, Patrick, Craig, John J, de Haan, Gerrit‐Jan, De Jonghe, Peter, de Kovel, Carolien GF, Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Dlugos, Dennis J, Doherty, Colin P, Elger, Christian E, Eriksson, Johan G, Ferraro, Thomas N, Feucht, Martha, Francis, Ben, Franke, Andre, French, Jacqueline A, Freytag, Saskia, Gaus, Verena, Geller, Eric B, Gieger, Christian, Glauser, Tracy, Glynn, Simon, Goldstein, David B, Gui, Hongsheng, Guo, Youling, Haas, Kevin F, Hakonarson, Hakon, Hallmann, Kerstin, Haut, Sheryl, Heinzen, Erin L, Helbig, Ingo, Hengsbach, Christian, Hjalgrim, Helle, Iacomino, Michele, Ingason, Andrés, Jamnadas‐Khoda, Jennifer, Johnson, Michael R, Kälviäinen, Reetta, Kantanen, Anne‐Mari, Kasperavičiūte, Dalia, Trenite, Dorothee Kasteleijn‐Nolst, Kirsch, Heidi E, Knowlton, Robert C, Krause, Roland, Krenn, Martin, Kunz, Wolfram S, Kuzniecky, Ruben, Kwan, Patrick, Lau, Yu‐Lung, Lehesjoki, Anna‐Elina, Lerche, Holger, Lieb, Wolfgang, Lindhout, Dick, Lo, Warren D, Lopes‐Cendes, Iscia, Lowenstein, Daniel H, Malovini, Alberto, Marson, Anthony G, Mayer, Thomas, McCormack, Mark, and Mills, James L

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Human Genome, Neurodegenerative, Epilepsy, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Neurological, Adult, Algorithms, Beta Rhythm, Cohort Studies, Databases, Factual, Electroencephalography, Epilepsy, Generalized, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Linkage Disequilibrium, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Risk Assessment, Theta Rhythm, beta power, EEG, generalized epilepsy, GGE, oscillations, PRS, International League Against Epilepsy Consortium on Complex Epilepsies, Epi25 Collaborative, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Clinical sciences
Abstract

ObjectiveParoxysmal epileptiform abnormalities on electroencephalography (EEG) are the hallmark of epilepsies, but it is uncertain to what extent epilepsy and background EEG oscillations share neurobiological underpinnings. Here, we aimed to assess the genetic correlation between epilepsy and background EEG oscillations.MethodsConfounding factors, including the heterogeneous etiology of epilepsies and medication effects, hamper studies on background brain activity in people with epilepsy. To overcome this limitation, we compared genetic data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on epilepsy (n = 12 803 people with epilepsy and 24 218 controls) with that from a GWAS on background EEG (n = 8425 subjects without epilepsy), in which background EEG oscillation power was quantified in four different frequency bands: alpha, beta, delta, and theta. We replicated our findings in an independent epilepsy replication dataset (n = 4851 people with epilepsy and 20 428 controls). To assess the genetic overlap between these phenotypes, we performed genetic correlation analyses using linkage disequilibrium score regression, polygenic risk scores, and Mendelian randomization analyses.ResultsOur analyses show strong genetic correlations of genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) with background EEG oscillations, primarily in the beta frequency band. Furthermore, we show that subjects with higher beta and theta polygenic risk scores have a significantly higher risk of having generalized epilepsy. Mendelian randomization analyses suggest a causal effect of GGE genetic liability on beta oscillations.SignificanceOur results point to shared biological mechanisms underlying background EEG oscillations and the susceptibility for GGE, opening avenues to investigate the clinical utility of background EEG oscillations in the diagnostic workup of epilepsy.

Published
2021

3. Polygenic burden in focal and generalized epilepsies

Author

Leu, Costin, Stevelink, Remi, Smith, Alexander W, Goleva, Slavina B, Kanai, Masahiro, Ferguson, Lisa, Campbell, Ciaran, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Okada, Yukinori, Sisodiya, Sanjay M, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L, Koeleman, Bobby PC, Lerche, Holger, Jehi, Lara, Davis, Lea K, Najm, Imad M, Palotie, Aarno, Daly, Mark J, Busch, Robyn M, Consortium, Epi25, and Lal, Dennis

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Neurodegenerative, Epilepsy, Genetics, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Good Health and Well Being, Cohort Studies, Cost of Illness, Databases, Factual, Epilepsies, Partial, Epilepsy, Generalized, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Multifactorial Inheritance, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, Epi25 Consortium, common variant risk, epilepsy, genetic generalized epilepsy, genetics, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences, Psychology
Abstract

Rare genetic variants can cause epilepsy, and genetic testing has been widely adopted for severe, paediatric-onset epilepsies. The phenotypic consequences of common genetic risk burden for epilepsies and their potential future clinical applications have not yet been determined. Using polygenic risk scores (PRS) from a European-ancestry genome-wide association study in generalized and focal epilepsy, we quantified common genetic burden in patients with generalized epilepsy (GE-PRS) or focal epilepsy (FE-PRS) from two independent non-Finnish European cohorts (Epi25 Consortium, n = 5705; Cleveland Clinic Epilepsy Center, n = 620; both compared to 20 435 controls). One Finnish-ancestry population isolate (Finnish-ancestry Epi25, n = 449; compared to 1559 controls), two European-ancestry biobanks (UK Biobank, n = 383 656; Vanderbilt biorepository, n = 49 494), and one Japanese-ancestry biobank (BioBank Japan, n = 168 680) were used for additional replications. Across 8386 patients with epilepsy and 622 212 population controls, we found and replicated significantly higher GE-PRS in patients with generalized epilepsy of European-ancestry compared to patients with focal epilepsy (Epi25: P = 1.64×10-15; Cleveland: P = 2.85×10-4; Finnish-ancestry Epi25: P = 1.80×10-4) or population controls (Epi25: P = 2.35×10-70; Cleveland: P = 1.43×10-7; Finnish-ancestry Epi25: P = 3.11×10-4; UK Biobank and Vanderbilt biorepository meta-analysis: P = 7.99×10-4). FE-PRS were significantly higher in patients with focal epilepsy compared to controls in the non-Finnish, non-biobank cohorts (Epi25: P = 5.74×10-19; Cleveland: P = 1.69×10-6). European ancestry-derived PRS did not predict generalized epilepsy or focal epilepsy in Japanese-ancestry individuals. Finally, we observed a significant 4.6-fold and a 4.5-fold enrichment of patients with generalized epilepsy compared to controls in the top 0.5% highest GE-PRS of the two non-Finnish European cohorts (Epi25: P = 2.60×10-15; Cleveland: P = 1.39×10-2). We conclude that common variant risk associated with epilepsy is significantly enriched in multiple cohorts of patients with epilepsy compared to controls-in particular for generalized epilepsy. As sample sizes and PRS accuracy continue to increase with further common variant discovery, PRS could complement established clinical biomarkers and augment genetic testing for patient classification, comorbidity research, and potentially targeted treatment.

Published
2019

4. De Novo Mutations in Synaptic Transmission Genes Including DNM1 Cause Epileptic Encephalopathies

Author

Appenzeller, Silke, Balling, Rudi, Barisic, Nina, Baulac, Stéphanie, Caglayan, Hande, Craiu, Dana, De Jonghe, Peter, Depienne, Christel, Dimova, Petia, Djémié, Tania, Gormley, Padhraig, Guerrini, Renzo, Helbig, Ingo, Hjalgrim, Helle, Hoffman-Zacharska, Dorota, Jähn, Johanna, Klein, Karl Martin, Koeleman, Bobby, Komarek, Vladimir, Krause, Roland, Kuhlenbäumer, Gregor, Leguern, Eric, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Lemke, Johannes R, Lerche, Holger, Linnankivi, Tarja, Marini, Carla, May, Patrick, Møller, Rikke S, Muhle, Hiltrud, Pal, Deb, Palotie, Aarno, Pendziwiat, Manuela, Robbiano, Angela, Roelens, Filip, Rosenow, Felix, Selmer, Kaja, Serratosa, Jose M, Sisodiya, Sanjay, Stephani, Ulrich, Sterbova, Katalin, Striano, Pasquale, Suls, Arvid, Talvik, Tiina, von Spiczak, Sarah, Weber, Yvonne, Weckhuysen, Sarah, Zara, Federico, Abou-Khalil, Bassel, Alldredge, Brian K, Andermann, Eva, Andermann, Frederick, Amron, Dina, Bautista, Jocelyn F, Berkovic, Samuel F, Bluvstein, Judith, Boro, Alex, Cascino, Gregory, Consalvo, Damian, Crumrine, Patricia, Devinsky, Orrin, Dlugos, Dennis, Epstein, Michael P, Fiol, Miguel, Fountain, Nathan B, French, Jacqueline, Friedman, Daniel, Geller, Eric B, Glauser, Tracy, Glynn, Simon, Haas, Kevin, Haut, Sheryl R, Hayward, Jean, Helmers, Sandra L, Joshi, Sucheta, Kanner, Andres, Kirsch, Heidi E, Knowlton, Robert C, Kossoff, Eric H, Kuperman, Rachel, Kuzniecky, Ruben, Lowenstein, Daniel H, McGuire, Shannon M, Motika, Paul V, Novotny, Edward J, Ottman, Ruth, Paolicchi, Juliann M, Parent, Jack, Park, Kristen, Poduri, Annapurna, Sadleir, Lynette, Scheffer, Ingrid E, Shellhaas, Renée A, Sherr, Elliott, Shih, Jerry J, Singh, Rani, Sirven, Joseph, Smith, Michael C, Sullivan, Joe, and Thio, Liu Lin

Subjects
Genetics, Pediatric, Neurosciences, Epilepsy, Brain Disorders, Neurodegenerative, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Cohort Studies, Dynamin I, Exome, Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I, Female, Gene Regulatory Networks, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Lennox Gastaut Syndrome, Male, Mutation, Protein Interaction Maps, Receptors, GABA-B, Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel, Spasms, Infantile, Synaptic Transmission, EuroEPINOMICS-RES Consortium, Epilepsy Phenome/Genome Project, Epi4K Consortium, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

Emerging evidence indicates that epileptic encephalopathies are genetically highly heterogeneous, underscoring the need for large cohorts of well-characterized individuals to further define the genetic landscape. Through a collaboration between two consortia (EuroEPINOMICS and Epi4K/EPGP), we analyzed exome-sequencing data of 356 trios with the "classical" epileptic encephalopathies, infantile spasms and Lennox Gastaut syndrome, including 264 trios previously analyzed by the Epi4K/EPGP consortium. In this expanded cohort, we find 429 de novo mutations, including de novo mutations in DNM1 in five individuals and de novo mutations in GABBR2, FASN, and RYR3 in two individuals each. Unlike previous studies, this cohort is sufficiently large to show a significant excess of de novo mutations in epileptic encephalopathy probands compared to the general population using a likelihood analysis (p = 8.2 × 10(-4)), supporting a prominent role for de novo mutations in epileptic encephalopathies. We bring statistical evidence that mutations in DNM1 cause epileptic encephalopathy, find suggestive evidence for a role of three additional genes, and show that at least 12% of analyzed individuals have an identifiable causal de novo mutation. Strikingly, 75% of mutations in these probands are predicted to disrupt a protein involved in regulating synaptic transmission, and there is a significant enrichment of de novo mutations in genes in this pathway in the entire cohort as well. These findings emphasize an important role for synaptic dysregulation in epileptic encephalopathies, above and beyond that caused by ion channel dysfunction.

Published
2014

8. PRRT2-related disorders: further PKD and ICCA cases and review of the literature

Author

Becker, Felicitas, Schubert, Julian, Striano, Pasquale, Anttonen, Anna-Kaisa, Liukkonen, Elina, Gaily, Eija, Gerloff, Christian, Müller, Stephan, Heußinger, Nicole, Kellinghaus, Christoph, Robbiano, Angela, Polvi, Anne, Zittel, Simone, von Oertzen, Tim J., Rostasy, Kevin, Schöls, Ludger, Warner, Tom, Münchau, Alexander, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Zara, Federico, Lerche, Holger, and Weber, Yvonne G.

Published
2013
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10. Retigabine and gabapentin restore channel function and neuronal firing in a cellular model of an epilepsy-associated dominant-negative KCNQ5 variant.

Author

Krüger, Johanna and Lerche, Holger

Subjects
*ACTION potentials, *POTASSIUM channels, *GABAPENTIN, *MEMBRANE potential, *MISSENSE mutation, *DISEASE susceptibility, *VAGUS nerve
Abstract

KCNQ5 encodes the voltage-gated potassium channel K V 7.5, a member of the K V 7 channel family, which conducts the M-current. This current is a potent regulator of neuronal excitability by regulating membrane potential in the subthreshold range of action potentials and mediating the medium and slow afterhyperpolarization. Recently, we have identified five loss-of-function variants in KCNQ5 in patients with genetic generalized epilepsy. Using the most severe dominant-negative variant (R359C), we set out to investigate pharmacological therapeutic intervention by K V 7 channel openers on channel function and neuronal firing. Retigabine and gabapentin increased R359C-derived M-current amplitudes in HEK cells expressing homomeric or heteromeric mutant K V 7.5 channels. Retigabine was most effective in restoring K+ currents. Ten μM retigabine was sufficient to reach the level of WT currents without retigabine, whereas 100 μM of gabapentin showed less than half of this effect and application of 50 μM ZnCl 2 only significantly increased M-current amplitude in heteromeric channels. Overexpression of K V 7.5-WT potently inhibited neuronal firing by increasing the M-current, whereas R359C overexpression had the opposite effect and additionally decreased the medium afterhyperpolarization current. Both aforementioned drugs and Zn2+ reversed the effect of R359C expression by reducing firing to nearly normal levels at high current injections. Our study shows that a dominant-negative variant with a complete loss-of-function in K V 7.5 leads to largely increased neuronal firing which may explain a neuronal hyperexcitability in patients. K V 7 channel openers, such as retigabine or gabapentin, could be treatment options for patients currently displaying pharmacoresistant epilepsy and carrying loss-of-function variants in KCNQ5. K V 7.5 dominant-negative-LOF variants reduce the M-current in transfected HEK cells and primary hippocampal neuronal cultures. Neuronal firing in cultured hippocampal neurons transfected with K V 7.5-LOF channels is increased likely through a decrease in the medium afterhyperpolarization current resulting in an increased seizure susceptibility in the patients. This effect was fully counteracted by the K V 7 channel activators retigabine (RTG) and gabapentin (GBP). [Display omitted] • K V 7.5-LOF expression increases neuronal firing by decreasing I M and thus I mAHP. • K V 7.5-WT overexpression decreases neuronal firing by increasing I M. • Both retigabine and gabapentin counteract the LOF effect. • Gabapentin has potential as personalized treatment for patients carrying K V 7.5-LOF missense variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Genetic variation in CFH predicts phenytoin-induced maculopapular exanthema in European-descent patients

Author

McCormack, Mark, Gui, Hongsheng, Ingason, Andrés, Speed, Doug, Wright, Galen E B, Zhang, Eunice J., Secolin, Rodrigo, Yasuda, Clarissa, Kwok, Maxwell, Wolking, Stefan, Becker, Felicitas, Rau, Sarah, Avbersek, Andreja, Heggeli, Kristin, Leu, Costin, Depondt, Chantal, Sills, Graeme J., Marson, Anthony G., Auce, Pauls, Brodie, Martin J., Francis, Ben, Johnson, Michael R., Koeleman, Bobby P C, Striano, Pasquale, Coppola, Antonietta, Zara, Federico, Kunz, Wolfram S., Sander, Josemir W., Lerche, Holger, Klein, Karl Martin, Weckhuysen, Sarah, Krenn, Martin, Gudmundsson, Lárus J, Stefánsson, Kári, Krause, Roland, Shear, Neil, Ross, Colin J D, Delanty, Norman, Pirmohamed, Munir, Carleton, Bruce C., Cendes, Fernando, Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Liao, Wei-Ping, O'Brien, Terence J., Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Cherny, Stacey, Kwan, Patrick, Baum, Larry, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., International League Against Epilepsy Consortium on Complex Epilepsies, Bisulli, Francesca, Mccormack, Mark, Gui, Hongsheng, Ingason, André, Speed, Doug, Wright, Galen E B, Zhang, Eunice J, Secolin, Rodrigo, Yasuda, Clarissa, Kwok, Maxwell, Wolking, Stefan, Becker, Felicita, Rau, Sarah, Avbersek, Andreja, Heggeli, Kristin, Leu, Costin, Depondt, Chantal, Sills, Graeme J, Marson, Anthony G, Auce, Paul, Brodie, Martin J, Francis, Ben, Johnson, Michael R, Koeleman, Bobby P C, Striano, Pasquale, Coppola, Antonietta, Zara, Federico, Kunz, Wolfram S, Sander, Josemir W, Lerche, Holger, Klein, Karl Martin, Weckhuysen, Sarah, Krenn, Martin, Gudmundsson, Lárus J, Stefánsson, Kári, Krause, Roland, Shear, Neil, Ross, Colin J D, Delanty, Norman, Pirmohamed, Munir, Carleton, Bruce C, Cendes, Fernando, Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Liao, Wei-Ping, O'Brien, Terence J, Sisodiya, Sanjay M, Cherny, Stacey, Kwan, Patrick, Baum, Larry, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L, EPIGEN Consortium, Canadian Pharmacogenomics Network, for the EpiPGX Consortium, Int League Epilepsy Consortium, Læknadeild (HÍ), Faculty of Medicine (UI), Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ), School of Health Sciences (UI), Háskóli Íslands, University of Iceland, Wellcome Trust, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding, Commission of the European Communities, McCormack, Mark, Zhang, Eunice J., Sills, Graeme J., Marson, Anthony G., Brodie, Martin J., Johnson, Michael R., Kunz, Wolfram S., Sander, Josemir W., Carleton, Bruce C., O'Brien, Terence J., Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., International League Against Epilepsy Consortium on Complex Epilepsie, and Bisulli, Francesca

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Linkage disequilibrium, Pharmacogenomic Variants, Neurology [D14] [Human health sciences], Genome-wide association study, HLA-A-ASTERISK-3101, Linkage Disequilibrium, 0302 clinical medicine, Flogaveiki, INDUCED HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS, Medicine, genetics, POPULATION, education.field_of_study, Public health, Taugavísindi, 3. Good health, Carbamazepine, Neurology, Factor H, Complement Factor H, Association studies in genetics, Lýðheilsa, Anticonvulsants, Drug Eruptions, Erfðarannsóknir, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, STEVENS-JOHNSON-SYNDROME, Population, Antiepileptic drugs, adverse drug reaction, Clinical Neurology, Mutation, Missense, Human leukocyte antigen, Complement factor I, Case control studies, White People, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Asian People, RISK-FACTOR, Seizures, Genetic variation, Humans, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, education, METAANALYSIS, Retrospective Studies, Science & Technology, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Neurologie [D14] [Sciences de la santé humaine], Epilepsy, HLA-A Antigens, business.industry, Genetic Variation, Correction, CUTANEOUS ADVERSE-REACTIONS, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Généralités, 1702 Cognitive Science, GENOTYPES, 030104 developmental biology, Apolipoproteins, Case-Control Studies, Phenytoin, LAMOTRIGINE, Immunology, Alternative complement pathway, epilepsy, Neurosciences & Neurology, Neurology (clinical), Human medicine, 1109 Neurosciences, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Publisher's version (útgefin grein), Objective To characterize, among European and Han Chinese populations, the genetic predictors of maculopapular exanthema (MPE), a cutaneous adverse drug reaction common to antiepileptic drugs. Methods We conducted a case-control genome-wide association study of autosomal genotypes, including Class I and II human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, in 323 cases and 1,321 drug-tolerant controls from epilepsy cohorts of northern European and Han Chinese descent. Results from each cohort were meta-analyzed. Results We report an association between a rare variant in the complement factor H–related 4 (CFHR4) gene and phenytoin-induced MPE in Europeans (p = 4.5 × 10–11; odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 7 [3.2–16]). This variant is in complete linkage disequilibrium with a missense variant (N1050Y) in the complement factor H (CFH) gene. In addition, our results reinforce the association between HLA-A*31:01 and carbamazepine hypersensitivity. We did not identify significant genetic associations with MPE among Han Chinese patients. Conclusions The identification of genetic predictors of MPE in CFHR4 and CFH, members of the complement factor H–related protein family, suggest a new link between regulation of the complement system alternative pathway and phenytoin-induced hypersensitivity in European-ancestral patients., This study was not industry-sponsored. The work was supported by a grant from the European Commission (7th Framework Programme Grant 279062, EpiPGX). M.M.C. and G.L.C. are supported by Science Foundation Ireland, grant 13/CDA/2223, and an RCSI seed funding grant GA 14-1899. This project was supported by the General Research Funds (HKU7623/08M and HKU7747/07M to S.C., CUHK4466/06M to P.K.) and Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF 01120086 to P.K.) from Hong Kong. Some results presented in this article were prepared using the HPC facilities of the University of Luxembourg. This work was partly undertaken at UCLH/UCL, which received a proportion of funding from the Department of Health's NIHR Biomedical Research Centres funding scheme (J.W.S., S.M.S.). The work was also supported by the Epilepsy Society, UK (J.W.S., S.M.S.), by the foundation “no epilep,” the German Chapter of the ILAE (DGfE) (both to H.L.). F.C. and I.L.-C. are supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil, through grant 2013/07559-3. J.E.Z. and M.P. thank the NHS Chair of Pharmacogenetics programme and MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science for support in Liverpool. B.C.C. and C.J.D.R. are supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Drug Safety and Effectiveness Network (FRN-117588), the Canada Foundation for Innovation and the Canadian Dermatology Foundation. G.E.B.W. is supported by a CIHR Fellowship. The funders of the study had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. M.M.C., H.G., and G.L.C. had full access to all the data in the study and the corresponding authors had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. The Article Processing Charge was funded by the European Commission OpenAIRE2020 project.

Published
2017

12. Biallelic VARS variants cause developmental encephalopathy with microcephaly that is recapitulated in vars knockout zebrafish

Author

Siekierska, Aleksandra, Stamberger, Hannah, Deconinck, Tine, Oprescu, Stephanie N., Partoens, Michèle, Zhang, Yifan, Sourbron, Jo, Adriaenssens, Elias, Mullen, Patrick, Wiencek, Patrick, Hardies, Katia, Lee, Jeong-Soo, Giong, Hoi-Khoanh, Distelmaier, Felix, Elpeleg, Orly, Helbig, Katherine L., Hersh, Joseph, Isikay, Sedat, Jordan, Elizabeth, Karaca, Ender, Kecskes, Angela, Lupski, James R., Kovacs-Nagy, Reka, May, Patrick, Narayanan, Vinodh, Pendziwiat, Manuela, Ramsey, Keri, Rangasamy, Sampathkumar, Shinde, Deepali N., Spiegel, Ronen, Timmerman, Vincent, von Spiczak, Sarah, Helbig, Ingo, Weckhuysen, Sarah, Francklyn, Christopher, Antonellis, Anthony, de Witte, Peter, Partoens, Michele, Balak, Chris, Belnap, Newell, Claasen, Ana, Courtright, Amanda, de Both, Matt, Huentelman, Matthew J., Naymik, Marcus, Richholt, Ryan, Siniard, Ashley L., Szelinger, Szabolcs, Craig, David W., Schrauwen, Isabelle, Afawi, Zaid, Balling, Rudi, Baulac, Stephanie, Barisic, Nina, Caglayan, Hande S., Craiu, Dana, Guerrero-Lopez, Rosa, Guerrini, Renzo, Hjalgrim, Helle, Jahn, Johanna, Klein, Karl Martin, Leguern, Eric, Lemke, Johannes R., Lerche, Holger, Marini, Carla, Moller, Rikke S., Muhle, Hiltrud, Rosenow, Felix, Serratosa, Jose, Suls, Arvid, Stephani, Ulrich, Sterbova, Katalin, Striano, Pasquale, Zara, Federico, De Jonghe, Peter, C4RCD Research Group, AR working group of the EuroEPINOMICS RES Consortium, and HKÜ, Sağlık Bilimleri Yüksekokulu, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Models, Molecular, Microcephaly, TRANSFER-RNA-SYNTHETASE, ILAE COMMISSION, MUTATIONS CAUSE, ONSET, GENES, HYPOMYELINATION, BIOGENESIS, PHENOTYPE, TRNA(VAL), MECHANISM, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene Knockout Techniques, Loss of Function Mutation, lcsh:Science, Zebrafish, Genetics, Brain Diseases, Multidisciplinary, biology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Phenotype, 3. Good health, Pedigree, ddc, Complementation, Female, 0210 nano-technology, Engineering sciences. Technology, Valine-tRNA Ligase, In silico, Science, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, Prosencephalon, medicine, Animals, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Allele, Gene, Biology, Alleles, AR working group of the EuroEPINOMICS RES Consortium, Epilepsy, Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase, fungi, General Chemistry, Fibroblasts, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, C4RCD Research Group, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, lcsh:Q, Human medicine
Abstract

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (ARSs) link specific amino acids with their cognate transfer RNAs in a critical early step of protein translation. Mutations in ARSs have emerged as a cause of recessive, often complex neurological disease traits. Here we report an allelic series consisting of seven novel and two previously reported biallelic variants in valyl-tRNA synthetase (VARS) in ten patients with a developmental encephalopathy with microcephaly, often associated with early-onset epilepsy. In silico, in vitro, and yeast complementation assays demonstrate that the underlying pathomechanism of these mutations is most likely a loss of protein function. Zebrafish modeling accurately recapitulated some of the key neurological disease traits. These results provide both genetic and biological insights into neurodevelopmental disease and pave the way for further in-depth research on ARS related recessive disorders and precision therapies., tRNAs are linked with their cognate amino acid by aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (ARS). Here, the authors report a developmental encephalopathy associated with biallelic VARS variants (valyl-tRNA synthetase) that lead to loss of function, as determined by several in vitro assays and a vars knockout zebrafish model.

Published
2018

13. Genetics of Paroxysmal Dyskinesia: Novel Variants Corroborate the Role of KCNA1 in Paroxysmal Dyskinesia and Highlight the Diverse Phenotypic Spectrum of KCNA1 - and SLC2A1 -Related Disorders.

Author

Kegele, Josua, Krüger, Johanna, Koko, Mahmoud, Lange, Lara, Marco Hernandez, Ana Victoria, Martinez, Francisco, Münchau, Alexander, Lerche, Holger, and Lauxmann, Stephan

Subjects
DYSKINESIAS, PHENOTYPES, GENETIC variation, MOLECULAR genetics, GENETICS, MOVEMENT disorders
Abstract

Paroxysmal dyskinesias (PxD) are rare movement disorders with characteristic episodes of involuntary mixed hyperkinetic movements. Scientific efforts and technical advances in molecular genetics have led to the discovery of a variety of genes associated with PxD; however, clinical and genetic information of rarely affected genes or infrequent variants is often limited. In our case series, we present two individuals with PxD including one with classical paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia, who carry new likely pathogenic de novo variants in KCNA1 (p.Gly396Val and p.Gly396Arg). The gene has only recently been discovered to be causative for familial paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia. We also provide genetic evidence for pathogenicity of two newly identified disease-causing variants in SLC2A1 (p.Met96Thr and p.Leu231Pro) leading to paroxysmal exercise-induced dyskinesia. Since clinical information of carriers of variants in known disease-causing genes is often scarce, we encourage to share clinical data of individuals with rare or novel (likely) pathogenic variants to improve disease understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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14. De novo loss- or gain-of-function mutations in KCNA2 cause epileptic encephalopathy

Author

Syrbe, Steffen, Hedrich, Ulrike B S, Arslan, Mutluay, Serratosa, José M, Nothnagel, Michael, May, Patrick, Krause, Roland, Löffler, Heidrun, Detert, Katja, Dorn, Thomas, Vogt, Heinrich, Krämer, Günter, Riesch, Erik, Schöls, Ludger, Mullis, Primus E, Linnankivi, Tarja, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Sterbova, Katalin, Craiu, Dana C, Hoffman-Zacharska, Dorota, Korff, Christian M, Weber, Yvonne G, Steinlin, Maja, Djémié, Tania, Gallati, Sabina, Bertsche, Astrid, Bernhard, Matthias K, Merkenschlager, Andreas, Kiess, Wieland, consortium, EuroEPINOMICS RES, Gonzalez, Michael, Züchner, Stephan, Palotie, Aarno, Suls, Arvid, Müller, Stephan, De Jonghe, Peter, Helbig, Ingo, Biskup, Saskia, Wolff, Markus, Maljevic, Snezana, Schüle, Rebecca, Sisodiya, Sanjay M, Weckhuysen, Sarah, Lerche, Holger, Lemke, Johannes R, Møller, Rikke S, Balling, Rudi, Barisic, Nina, Baulac, Stéphanie, Caglayan, Hande S, Depienne, Christel, Gormley, Padhraig, Guerrini, Renzo, Maher, Bridget, Hjalgrim, Helle, Jähn, Johanna, Klein, Karl Martin, Koeleman, Bobby P C, Komarek, Vladimir, LeGuern, Eric, Hernandez-Hernandez, Laura, Marini, Carla, Muhle, Hiltrud, Pal, Deb, Rosenow, Felix, Selmer, Kaja, Synofzik, Matthis, Stephani, Ulrich, Striano, Pasquale, Talvik, Tiina, von Spiczak, Sarah, Zara, Federico, and EuroEPINOMICS RES Consortium

Subjects
Adult, Male, Ataxia, genetics [Epilepsy], genetics [Kv1.2 Potassium Channel], Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Bioinformatics, Infantile, Epilepsy/genetics, Article, Spasms, Cohort Studies, Epilepsy, Young Adult, Spasms, Infantile/genetics, ddc:570, Amino Acid Sequence, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Infant, Kv1.2 Potassium Channel, Pedigree, Spasms, Infantile, Mutation, Genetics, Intellectual disability, medicine, KCNA2 protein, human, Preschool, Loss function, Kv1.2 Potassium Channel/genetics, ddc:618, Genetic heterogeneity, Seizure types, genetics [Spasms, Infantile], medicine.disease, Myoclonic epilepsy, Human medicine, medicine.symptom
Abstract

Epileptic encephalopathies are a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous group of severe epilepsies accompanied by intellectual disability and other neurodevelopmental features(1-6). Using next-generation sequencing, we identified four different de novo mutations in KCNA2, encoding the potassium channel K(V)1.2, in six isolated patients with epileptic encephalopathy (one mutation recurred three times independently). Four individuals presented with febrile and multiple afebrile, often focal seizure types, multifocal epileptiform discharges strongly activated by sleep, mild to moderate intellectual disability, delayed speech development and sometimes ataxia. Functional studies of the two mutations associated with this phenotype showed almost complete loss of function with a dominant-negative effect. Two further individuals presented with a different and more severe epileptic encephalopathy phenotype. They carried mutations inducing a drastic gain-of-function effect leading to permanently open channels. These results establish KCNA2 as a new gene involved in human neurodevelopmental disorders through two different mechanisms, predicting either hyperexcitability or electrical silencing of K(V)1.2-expressing neurons.

Published
2015

15. Application of rare variant transmission disequilibrium tests to epileptic encephalopathy trio sequence data

Author

Allen, Andrew S., Berkovic, Samuel F., Bridgers, Joshua, Cossette, Patrick, Dlugos, Dennis, Epstein, Michael P., Glauser, Tracy, Goldstein, David B., Heinzen, Erin L., Jiang, Yu, Johnson, Michael R., Kuzniecky, Ruben, Lowenstein, Daniel H., Marson, Anthony G., Mefford, Heather C., O'Brien, Terence J., Ottman, Ruth, Petrou, Steven, Petrovski, Slavé, Poduri, Annapurna, Ren, Zhong, Scheffer, Ingrid E., Sherr, Elliott, Wang, Quanli, Balling, Rudi, Barisic, Nina, Baulac, Stéphanie, Caglayan, Hande, Craiu, Dana, De Jonghe, Peter, Depienne, Christel, Guerrini, Renzo, Helbig, Ingo, Hjalgrim, Helle, Hoffman-Zacharska, Dorota, Jähn, Johanna A., Klein, Karl Martin, Koeleman, Bobby, Komarek, Vladimir, Krause, Roland, Leguern, Eric, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Lemke, Johannes R., Lerche, Holger, Linnankivi, Tarja, Marini, Carla, May, Patrick, Møller, Rikke S., Muhle, Hiltrud, Pal, Deb, Epi4K Consortium, Epilepsy Phenome Genome Project, and EuroEPINOMICS-RES Consortium

Subjects
Multicenter Study, Genetics, Journal Article, Genetics(clinical)
Abstract

The classic epileptic encephalopathies, including infantile spasms (IS) and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), are severe seizure disorders that usually arise sporadically. De novo variants in genes mainly encoding ion channel and synaptic proteins have been found to account for over 15% of patients with IS or LGS. The contribution of autosomal recessive genetic variation, however, is less well understood. We implemented a rare variant transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) to search for autosomal recessive epileptic encephalopathy genes in a cohort of 320 outbred patient-parent trios that were generally prescreened for rare metabolic disorders. In the current sample, our rare variant transmission disequilibrium test did not identify individual genes with significantly distorted transmission over expectation after correcting for the multiple tests. While the rare variant transmission disequilibrium test did not find evidence of a role for individual autosomal recessive genes, our current sample is insufficiently powered to assess the overall role of autosomal recessive genotypes in an outbred epileptic encephalopathy population.

Published
2017

16. Recessive mutations in SLC35A3 cause early onset epileptic encephalopathy with skeletal defects

Author

Marini, Carla, Hardies, Katia, Pisano, Tiziana, May, Patrick, Weckhuysen, Sarah, Cellini, Elena, Suls, Arvid, Mei, Davide, Balling, Rudi, Jonghe, Peter D., Helbig, Ingo, Garozzo, Domenico, Guerrini, Renzo, Afawi, Zaid, Barišić, Nina, Baulac, Stéphanie, Brilstra, Eva H., Caglayan, Hande, Dana, Craiu, Hageman, Gerard, Helle, Hjalgrim, Jähn, Johanna, Klein, Karl Martin, Leguern, Eric, Lemke, Johannes R., Møller, Rikke S., Muhle, Hiltrud, Rosenow, Felix, Serratosa, Jose, Schelhaas, Jurgen H., Sterbova, Katalin, von Spiczak, Sarah, Szczepanik, Elzbieta, Yis, Uluc, Lerche, Holger, Striano, Pasquale, Weber, Yvonne, and Zara, Federico

Subjects
epileptic encephalopathy, Journal Article, genetics, suppression burst, skeletal abnormalities, infantile spasms
Published
2017

17. Erratum : De Novo Mutations in Synaptic Transmission Genes Including DNM1 Cause Epileptic Encephalopathies (American Journal of Human Genetics (2014) 95(4) (360–370)(S0002929714003838)(10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.08.013))

Author

Appenzeller, Silke, Balling, Rudi, Barisic, Nina, Baulac, Stéphanie, Caglayan, Hande, Craiu, Dana, De Jonghe, Peter, Depienne, Christel, Dimova, Petia, Djémié, Tania, Gormley, Padhraig, Guerrini, Renzo, Helbig, Ingo, Hjalgrim, Helle, Hoffman-Zacharska, Dorota, Jähn, Johanna A., Klein, Karl Martin, Koeleman, Bobby, Komarek, Vladimir, Krause, Roland, Kuhlenbäumer, Gregor, Leguern, Eric, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Lemke, Johannes R., Lerche, Holger, Linnankivi, Tarja, Marini, Carla, May, Patrick, Møller, Rikke S., Muhle, Hiltrud, Pal, Deb, Palotie, Aarno, Pendziwiat, Manuela, Robbiano, Angela, Roelens, Filip, Rosenow, Felix, Selmer, Kaja, Serratosa, Jose M., Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Stephani, Ulrich, Sterbova, Katalin, Striano, Pasquale, Suls, Arvid, Talvik, Tiina, von Spiczak, Sarah, Weber, Yvonne G., Weckhuysen, Sarah, Zara, Federico, Abou-Khalil, Bassel, Alldredge, Brian K., Andermann, Eva, Andermann, Frederick, Amrom, Dina, Bautista, Jocelyn F., Berkovic, Samuel F., Bluvstein, Judith, Boro, Alex, Cascino, Gregory, Consalvo, Damian, Crumrine, Patricia, Devinsky, Orrin, Dlugos, Dennis, Epstein, Michael P., Fiol, Miguel, Fountain, Nathan B., French, Jacqueline, Friedman, Daniel, Geller, Eric B., Glauser, Tracy, Glynn, Simon, Haas, Kevin, Haut, Sheryl R., Hayward, Jean, Helmers, Sandra L., Joshi, Sucheta, Kanner, Andres, Kirsch, Heidi E., Knowlton, Robert C., Kossoff, Eric H., Kuperman, Rachel, Kuzniecky, Ruben, Lowenstein, Daniel H., McGuire, Shannon M., Motika, Paul V., Novotny, Edward J., Ottman, Ruth, Paolicchi, Juliann M., Parent, Jack, Park, Kristen, Poduri, Annapurna, Sadleir, Lynette G., Scheffer, Ingrid E., Shellhaas, Renée A, Sherr, Elliott, Shih, Jerry J., Singh, Rani, Sirven, Joseph, Smith, Michael C., Sullivan, Joe, Thio, Liu Lin, Venkat, Anu, Vining, Eileen P. G., Von Allmen, Gretchen K., Weisenberg, Judith L., Widdess-Walsh, Peter, Winawer, Melodie R., Allen, Andrew S., Cossette, Patrick, Delanty, Norman, Eichler, Evan E., Goldstein, David B., Han, Yujun, Heinzen, Erin L., Johnson, Michael R., Marson, Anthony G., Mefford, Heather C., Nieh, Sahar Esmaeeli, O'Brien, Terence J., Petrou, Stephen, Petrovski, Slavé, and Ruzzo, Elizabeth K.

Subjects
Genetics, Genetics(clinical)
Abstract

(The American Journal of Human Genetics 95, 360–370; October 2, 2014) In the list of consortium members for the Epilepsy Phenome/Genome Project, member Dina Amrom's name was misspelled as Amron. The authors regret the error.

Published
2017

18. Application of rare variant transmission disequilibrium tests to epileptic encephalopathy trio sequence data

Author

Allen, Andrew S, Berkovic, Samuel F, Bridgers, Joshua, Cossette, Patrick, Dlugos, Dennis, Epstein, Michael P, Glauser, Tracy, Goldstein, David B, Heinzen, Erin L, Jiang, Yu, Johnson, Michael R, Kuzniecky, Ruben, Lowenstein, Daniel H, Marson, Anthony G, Mefford, Heather C, O'Brien, Terence J, Ottman, Ruth, Petrou, Steven, Petrovski, Slave, Poduri, Annapurna, Ren, Zhong, Scheffer, Ingrid E, Sherr, Elliott, Wang, Quanli, Balling, Rudi, Barisic, Nina, Baulac, Stephanie, Caglayan, Hande, Craiu, Dana, De Jonghe, Peter, Depienne, Christel, Guerrini, Renzo, Helbig, Ingo, Hjalgrim, Helle, Hoffman-Zacharska, Dorota, Jaehn, Johanna, Klein, Karl Martin, Koeleman, Bobby, Komarek, Vladimir, Krause, Roland, Leguern, Eric, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Lemke, Johannes R, Lerche, Holger, Linnankivi, Tarja, Marini, Carla, May, Patrick, Moller, Rikke S, Muhle, Hiltrud, Pal, Deb, Palotie, Aarno, Rosenow, Felix, Selmer, Kaja, Serratosa, Jose M, Sisodiya, Sanjay, Stephani, Ulrich, Sterbova, Katalin, Striano, Pasquale, Suls, Arvid, Talvik, Tiina, von Spiczak, Sarah, Weber, Yvonne, Weckhuysen, Sarah, Zara, Federico, Abou-Khalil, Bassel, Alldredge, Brian K, Amrom, Dina, Andermann, Eva, Andermann, Frederick, Bautista, Jocelyn F, Bluvstein, Judith, Cascino, Gregory D, Consalvo, Damian, Crumrine, Patricia, Devinsky, Orrin, Fiol, Miguel E, Fountain, Nathan B, French, Jacqueline, Friedman, Daniel, Haas, Kevin, Haut, Sheryl R, Hayward, Jean, Joshi, Sucheta, Kanner, Andres, Kirsch, Heidi E, Kossoff, Eric H, Kuperman, Rachel, McGuire, Shannon M, Motika, Paul V, Novotny, Edward J, Paolicchi, Juliann M, Parent, Jack, Park, Kristen, Shellhaas, Renee A, Sirven, Joseph, Smith, Michael C, Sullivan, Joseph, Thio, Liu Lin, Venkat, Anu, Vining, Eileen PG, Von Allmen, Gretchen K, Weisenberg, Judith L, Widdess-Walsh, Peter, Winawer, Melodie R, Consortium, Epi4K, Consortium, EuroEPINOMICS-RES, Project, Epilepsy Phenome Genome, Epi4K Consortium, EuroEPINOMICS- RES Consortium, and Epilepsy Phenome Genome Project

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Linkage disequilibrium, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Population, Disequilibrium, Short Report, Genome-wide association study, Biology, Bioinformatics, Linkage Disequilibrium, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Frequency, Epilepsy Phenome/Genome Project, medicine, Genetics, Journal Article, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Genetic Predisposition to Disease, education, Genetics (clinical), education.field_of_study, Polymorphism, Genetic, Lennox Gastaut Syndrome, Infant, Transmission disequilibrium test, medicine.disease, Multicenter Study, Chemistry, 030104 developmental biology, Medical genetics, Human medicine, medicine.symptom, Spasms, Infantile, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Lennox–Gastaut syndrome, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

The classic epileptic encephalopathies, including infantile spasms (IS) and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), are severe seizure disorders that usually arise sporadically. De novo variants in genes mainly encoding ion channel and synaptic proteins have been found to account for over 15% of patients with IS or LGS. The contribution of autosomal recessive genetic variation, however, is less well understood. We implemented a rare variant transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) to search for autosomal recessive epileptic encephalopathy genes in a cohort of 320 outbred patient-parent trios that were generally prescreened for rare metabolic disorders. In the current sample, our rare variant transmission disequilibrium test did not identify individual genes with significantly distorted transmission over expectation after correcting for the multiple tests. While the rare variant transmission disequilibrium test did not find evidence of a role for individual autosomal recessive genes, our current sample is insufficiently powered to assess the overall role of autosomal recessive genotypes in an outbred epileptic encephalopathy population.

Published
2017

19. Recessive mutations in SLC35A3 cause early onset epileptic encephalopathy with skeletal defects

Author

Muhle, Hiltrud, Sterbova, Katalin, von Spiczak, Sarah, Szczepanik, Elzbieta, Yis, Uluc, Baulac, Stéphanie, Barišić, Nina, Lerche, Holger, Striano, Pasquale, Weber, Yvonne, Zara, Federico, Garozzo, Domenico, Jonghe, Peter D., Balling, Rudi, Mei, Davide, Cellini, Elena, Klein, Karl Martin, Suls, Arvid, Jähn, Johanna, Helle, Hjalgrim, Marini, Carla, Hardies, Katia, Pisano, Tiziana, May, Patrick, Weckhuysen, Sarah, Hageman, Gerard, Dana, Craiu, Caglayan, Hande, Schelhaas, Jurgen H., Brilstra, Eva H., Serratosa, Jose, Rosenow, Felix, Afawi, Zaid, Guerrini, Renzo, Helbig, Ingo, Møller, Rikke S., Lemke, Johannes R, and Leguern, Eric

Subjects
Arthrogryposis, Male, Heterozygote, Glycosylation, Siblings, Gene Expression, Electroencephalography, skeletal abnormalities, Quadriplegia, Bone and Bones, epileptic encephalopathy, genetics, infantile spasms, suppression burst, Intellectual Disability, Mutation, Nucleotide Transport Proteins, Microcephaly, Humans, Female, Child, Spasms, Infantile
Abstract

© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.We describe the clinical and whole genome sequencing (WGS) study of a non-consanguineous Italian family in which two siblings, a boy and a girl, manifesting a severe epileptic encephalopathy (EE) with skeletal abnormalities, carried novel SLC35A3 compound heterozygous mutations. Both siblings exhibited infantile spasms, associated with focal, and tonic vibratory seizures from early infancy. EEG recordings showed a suppression-burst (SB) pattern and multifocal paroxysmal activity in both. In addition both had quadriplegia, acquired microcephaly, and severe intellectual disability. General examination showed distal arthrogryposis predominant in the hands in both siblings and severe left dorso-lumbar convex scoliosis in one. WGS of the siblings-parents quartet identified novel compound heterozygous mutations in SLC35A3 in both children. SLC35A3 encodes the major Golgi uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine transporter. With this study, we add SLC35A3 to the gene list of epilepsies. Neurological symptoms and skeletal abnormalities might result from impaired glycosylation of proteins involved in normal development and function of the central nervous system and skeletal apparatus.

Published
2016

20. Neuronal mechanisms of mutations in SCN8A causing epilepsy or intellectual disability.

Author

Liu, Yuanyuan, Schubert, Julian, Sonnenberg, Lukas, Helbig, Katherine L, Hoei-Hansen, Christina E, Koko, Mahmoud, Rannap, Maert, Lauxmann, Stephan, Huq, Mahbubul, Schneider, Michael C, Johannesen, Katrine M, Kurlemann, Gerhard, Gardella, Elena, Becker, Felicitas, Weber, Yvonne G, Benda, Jan, Møller, Rikke S, and Lerche, Holger

Subjects
INTELLECTUAL disabilities, EPILEPSY, ACTION potentials, DISABILITIES
Abstract

Ion channel mutations can cause distinct neuropsychiatric diseases. We first studied the biophysical and neurophysiological consequences of four mutations in the human Na+ channel gene SCN8A causing either mild (E1483K) or severe epilepsy (R1872W), or intellectual disability and autism without epilepsy (R1620L, A1622D). Only combined electrophysiological recordings of transfected wild-type or mutant channels in both neuroblastoma cells and primary cultured neurons revealed clear genotype-phenotype correlations. The E1483K mutation causing mild epilepsy showed no significant biophysical changes, whereas the R1872W mutation causing severe epilepsy induced clear gain-of-function biophysical changes in neuroblastoma cells. However, both mutations increased neuronal firing in primary neuronal cultures. In contrast, the R1620L mutation associated with intellectual disability and autism-but not epilepsy-reduced Na+ current density in neuroblastoma cells and expectedly decreased neuronal firing. Interestingly, for the fourth mutation, A1622D, causing severe intellectual disability and autism without epilepsy, we observed a dramatic slowing of fast inactivation in neuroblastoma cells, which induced a depolarization block in neurons with a reduction of neuronal firing. This latter finding was corroborated by computational modelling. In a second series of experiments, we recorded three more mutations (G1475R, M1760I, G964R, causing intermediate or severe epilepsy, or intellectual disability without epilepsy, respectively) that revealed similar results confirming clear genotype-phenotype relationships. We found intermediate or severe gain-of-function biophysical changes and increases in neuronal firing for the two epilepsy-causing mutations and decreased firing for the loss-of-function mutation causing intellectual disability. We conclude that studies in neurons are crucial to understand disease mechanisms, which here indicate that increased or decreased neuronal firing is responsible for distinct clinical phenotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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23. Impaired Action Potential Initiation in GAB Aergic Interneurons Causes Hyperexcitable Networks in an Epileptic Mouse Model Carrying a Human NaV1.1 Mutation.

Author

Hedrich, Ulrike B. S., Liautard, Camille, Kirschenbaum, Daniel, Pofahl, Martin, Lavigne, Jennifer, Yuanyuan Liu, Theiss, Stephan, Slotta, Johannes, Escayg, Andrew, Dihné, Marcel, Beck, Heinz, Mantegazza, Massimo, and Lerche, Holger

Subjects
ACTION potentials, GABA agents, INTERNEURONS, PEOPLE with epilepsy, GENETIC mutation, SODIUM ions, LABORATORY mice
Abstract

Mutations in SCN1A and other ion channel genes can cause different epileptic phenotypes, but the precise mechanisms underlying the development of hyperexcitable networks are largely unknown. Here, we present a multisystem analysis of an SCN1A mouse model carrying the Nav1.1-R1648H mutation, which causes febrile seizures and epilepsy in humans. We found a ubiquitous hypoexcitability of interneurons in thalamus, cortex, and hippocampus, without detectable changes in excitatory neurons. Interestingly, somatic Na+ channels in interneurons and persistent Na+ currents were not significantly changed. Instead, the key mechanism of interneuron dysfunction was a deficit of action potential initiation at the axon initial segment that was identified by analyzing action potential firing. This deficit increased with the duration of firing periods, suggesting that increased slow inactivation, as recorded for recombinant mutated channels, could play an important role. The deficit in interneuron firing caused reduced action potential-driven inhibition of excitatory neurons as revealed by less frequent spontaneous but not miniature IPSCs. Multiple approaches indicated increased spontaneous thalamocortical and hippocampal network activity in mutant mice, as follows: (1) more synchronous and higher-frequency firing was recorded in primary neuronal cultures plated on multielectrode arrays; (2) thalamocortical slices examined by field potential recordings revealed spontaneous activities and pathological high-frequency oscillations; and (3) multineuron Ca2+ imaging in hippocampal slices showed increased spontaneous neuronal activity. Thus, an interneuron-specific generalized defect in action potential initiation causes multisystem disinhibition and network hyperexcitability, which can well explain the occurrence of seizures in the studied mouse model and in patients carrying this mutation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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24. Evaluation of Presumably Disease Causing SCN1A Variants in a Cohort of Common Epilepsy Syndromes

Author

Lal, Dennis, Reinthaler, Eva M., Dejanovic, Borislav, May, Patrick, Thiele, Holger, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Schwarz, Günter, Riesch, Erik, Ikram, M. Arfan, van Duijn, Cornelia M., Uitterlinden, Andre G., Hofman, Albert, Steinböck, Hannelore, Gruber-Sedlmayr, Ursula, Neophytou, Birgit, Zara, Federico, Hahn, Andreas, Gormley, Padhraig, Becker, Felicitas, Weber, Yvonne G., Cilio, Maria Roberta, Kunz, Wolfram S., Krause, Roland, Zimprich, Fritz, Lemke, Johannes R., Nürnberg, Peter, Sander, Thomas, Lerche, Holger, and Neubauer, Bernd A.

Subjects
Medicine and Health Sciences, Neurology, Epilepsy, Biology and Life Sciences, Genetics, Human Genetics, Database and Informatics Methods, Biological Databases, Mutation Databases, Mutation, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pathogenesis, Epileptic Seizures, Tonic-Clonic Seizures, Genetics of Disease, Sequence Databases, Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology Techniques, Sequencing Techniques, Sequence Analysis, Myoclonic Seizures
Abstract

Objective: The SCN1A gene, coding for the voltage-gated Na+ channel alpha subunit NaV1.1, is the clinically most relevant epilepsy gene. With the advent of high-throughput next-generation sequencing, clinical laboratories are generating an ever-increasing catalogue of SCN1A variants. Variants are more likely to be classified as pathogenic if they have already been identified previously in a patient with epilepsy. Here, we critically re-evaluate the pathogenicity of this class of variants in a cohort of patients with common epilepsy syndromes and subsequently ask whether a significant fraction of benign variants have been misclassified as pathogenic. Methods: We screened a discovery cohort of 448 patients with a broad range of common genetic epilepsies and 734 controls for previously reported SCN1A mutations that were assumed to be disease causing. We re-evaluated the evidence for pathogenicity of the identified variants using in silico predictions, segregation, original reports, available functional data and assessment of allele frequencies in healthy individuals as well as in a follow up cohort of 777 patients. Results and Interpretation We identified 8 known missense mutations, previously reported as pathogenic, in a total of 17 unrelated epilepsy patients (17/448; 3.80%). Our re-evaluation indicates that 7 out of these 8 variants (p.R27T; p.R28C; p.R542Q; p.R604H; p.T1250M; p.E1308D; p.R1928G; NP_001159435.1) are not pathogenic. Only the p.T1174S mutation may be considered as a genetic risk factor for epilepsy of small effect size based on the enrichment in patients (P = 6.60 x 10−4; OR = 0.32, fishers exact test), previous functional studies but incomplete penetrance. Thus, incorporation of previous studies in genetic counseling of SCN1A sequencing results is challenging and may produce incorrect conclusions.

Published
2016
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25. An SCN2A mutation in a family with infantile seizures from Madagascar reveals an increased subthreshold Na+ current.

Author

Lauxmann, Stephan, Boutry‐Kryza, Nadia, Rivier, Clotilde, Mueller, Stephan, Hedrich, Ulrike B. S., Maljevic, Snezana, Szepetowski, Pierre, Lerche, Holger, and Lesca, Gaetan

Subjects
EPILEPSY research, ION channels, SODIUM channels, ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY, SPASMS, MISSENSE mutation
Abstract

Missense mutations in SCN2A, encoding the brain sodium channel NaV1.2, have been described in benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures ( BFNIS), a self-limiting disorder, whereas several SCN2A de novo nonsense mutations have been found in patients with more severe phenotypes including epileptic encephalopathy. We report a family with BFNIS originating from Madagascar. Onset extended from 3 to 9 months of age. Interictal EEGs were normal. In two patients, ictal electroencephalography ( EEG) studies showed partial seizure patterns with secondary generalization in one. Seizures remitted before 18 months of age, with or without medication. Intellectual development was normal. A novel missense mutation of SCN2A, c.4766A>G/p.Tyr1589Cys, was found in a highly conserved region of NaV1.2 (D4/S2-S3). Functional studies using heterologous expression in tsA201 cells and whole-cell patch clamping revealed a depolarizing shift of steady-state inactivation, increased persistent Na+ current, a slowing of fast inactivation and an acceleration of its recovery, thus a gain-of-function. Using an action potential waveform in a voltage-clamp experiment we indicated an increased inward Na+ current at subthreshold voltages, which can explain a neuronal hyperexcitability. Our results suggest that this mutation induces neuronal hyperexcitability, resulting in infantile epilepsy with favorable outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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27. Ion channels in genetic and acquired forms of epilepsy.

Author

Lerche, Holger, Shah, Mala, Beck, Heinz, Noebels, Jeff, Johnston, Dan, and VincENt, Angela

Subjects
*GENETIC mutation, *GENETICS, *ION channels, *EPILEPSY, *POTASSIUM channels, *NEURONS
Abstract

Genetic mutations causing dysfunction of both voltage- and ligand-gated ion channels make a major contribution to the cause of many different types of familial epilepsy. Key mechanisms comprise defective Na+ channels of inhibitory neurons, or GABAA receptors affecting pre- or postsynaptic GABAergic inhibition, or a dysfunction of different types of channels at axon initial segments. Many of these ion channel mutations have been modelled in mice, which has largely contributed to the understanding of where and how the ion channel defects lead to neuronal hyperexcitability. Animal models of febrile seizures or mesial temporal epilepsy have shown that dendritic K+ channels, hyperpolarization-activated cation channels and T-type Ca2+ channels play important roles in the generation of seizures. For the latter, it has been shown that suppression of their function by pharmacological mechanisms or in knock-out mice can antagonize epileptogenesis. Defects of ion channel function are also associated with forms of acquired epilepsy. Autoantibodies directed against ion channels or associated proteins, such as K+ channels, LGI1 or NMDA receptors, have been identified in epileptic disorders that can largely be included under the term limbic encephalitis which includes limbic seizures, status epilepticus and psychiatric symptoms. We conclude that ion channels and associated proteins are important players in different types of genetic and acquired epilepsies. Nevertheless, the molecular bases for most common forms of epilepsy are not yet clear, and evidence to be discussed indicates just how much more we need to understand about the complex mechanisms that underlie epileptogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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28. Rare exonic deletions of the RBFOX1 gene increase risk of idiopathic generalized epilepsy.

Author

Lal, Dennis, Trucks, Holger, Møller, Rikke S., Hjalgrim, Helle, Koeleman, Bobby P. C., Kovel, Carolien G. F., Visscher, Frank, Weber, Yvonne G., Lerche, Holger, Becker, Felicitas, Schankin, Christoph J., Neubauer, Bernd A., Surges, Rainer, Kunz, Wolfram S., Zimprich, Fritz, Franke, Andre, Illig, Thomas, Ried, Janina S., Leu, Costin, and Nürnberg, Peter

Subjects
EXONS (Genetics), DELETION mutation, EPILEPSY risk factors, NEUROBEHAVIORAL disorders, NUCLEOTIDE sequence, ETIOLOGY of diseases
Abstract

Purpose Structural variations disrupting the gene encoding the neuron-specific splicing regulator RBFOX1 have been reported in three patients exhibiting epilepsy in comorbidity with other neuropsychiatric disorders. Consistently, the Rbfox1 knockout mouse model showed an increased susceptibility of seizures. The present candidate gene study tested whether exon-disrupting deletions of RBFOX1 increase the risk of idiopathic generalized epilepsies ( IGEs), representing the largest group of genetically determined epilepsies. Methods Screening of microdeletions (size: >40 kb, coverage >20 markers) affecting the genomic sequence of the RBFOX1 gene was carried out by high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP) arrays in 1,408 European patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) and 2,256 population controls. Validation of RBFOX1 deletions and familial segregation analysis were performed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q PCR). Key Findings We detected five exon-disrupting RBFOX1 deletions in the IGE patients, whereas none was observed in the controls (p = 0.008, Fisher's exact test). The size of the exonic deletions ranged from 68 to 896 kb and affected the untranslated 5′-terminal RBFOX1 exons. Segregation analysis in four families indicated that the deletions were inherited, display incomplete penetrance, and heterogeneous cosegregation patterns with IGE. Significance Rare deletions affecting the untranslated 5′-terminal RBFOX1 exons increase risk of common IGE syndromes. Variable expressivity, incomplete penetrance, and heterogeneous cosegregation patterns suggest that RBFOX1 deletions act as susceptibility factor in a genetically complex etiology, where heterogeneous combinations of genetic factors determine the disease phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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29. Genome-wide linkage meta-analysis identifies susceptibility loci at 2q34 and 13q31.3 for genetic generalized epilepsies.

Author

Leu, Costin, de Kovel, Carolien G.F., Zara, Federico, Striano, Pasquale, Pezzella, Marianna, Robbiano, Angela, Bianchi, Amedeo, Bisulli, Francesca, Coppola, Antonietta, Giallonardo, Anna Teresa, Beccaria, Francesca, Trenité, Dorothée Kasteleijn-Nolst, Lindhout, Dick, Gaus, Verena, Schmitz, Bettina, Janz, Dieter, Weber, Yvonne G., Becker, Felicitas, Lerche, Holger, and Kleefuß-Lie, Ailing A.

Subjects
EPILEPSY, DISEASE prevalence, MYOCLONUS, LINKAGE (Genetics), GENOMES, GENETICS
Abstract

Summary Purpose: Genetic generalized epilepsies (GGEs) have a lifetime prevalence of 0.3% with heritability estimates of 80%. A considerable proportion of families with siblings affected by GGEs presumably display an oligogenic inheritance. The present genome-wide linkage meta-analysis aimed to map: (1) susceptibility loci shared by a broad spectrum of GGEs, and (2) seizure type-related genetic factors preferentially predisposing to either typical absence or myoclonic seizures, respectively. Methods: Meta-analysis of three genome-wide linkage datasets was carried out in 379 GGE-multiplex families of European ancestry including 982 relatives with GGEs. To dissect out seizure type-related susceptibility genes, two family subgroups were stratified comprising 235 families with predominantly genetic absence epilepsies (GAEs) and 118 families with an aggregation of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). To map shared and seizure type-related susceptibility loci, both nonparametric loci (NPL) and parametric linkage analyses were performed for a broad trait model (GGEs) in the entire set of GGE-multiplex families and a narrow trait model (typical absence or myoclonic seizures) in the subgroups of JME and GAE families. Key Findings: For the entire set of 379 GGE-multiplex families, linkage analysis revealed six loci achieving suggestive evidence for linkage at 1p36.22, 3p14.2, 5q34, 13q12.12, 13q31.3, and 19q13.42. The linkage finding at 5q34 was consistently supported by both NPL and parametric linkage results across all three family groups. A genome-wide significant nonparametric logarithm of odds score of 3.43 was obtained at 2q34 in 118 JME families. Significant parametric linkage to 13q31.3 was found in 235 GAE families assuming recessive inheritance (heterogeneity logarithm of odds = 5.02). Significance: Our linkage results support an oligogenic predisposition of familial GGE syndromes. The genetic risk factor at 5q34 confers risk to a broad spectrum of familial GGE syndromes, whereas susceptibility loci at 2q34 and 13q31.3 preferentially predispose to myoclonic seizures or absence seizures, respectively. Phenotype- genotype strategies applying narrow trait definitions in phenotypic homogeneous subgroups of families improve the prospects of disentangling the genetic basis of common familial GGE syndromes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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30. Genetic testing in the epilepsies—Report of the ILAE Genetics Commission.

Author

Ottman, Ruth, Hirose, Shinichi, Jain, Satish, Lerche, Holger, Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Noebels, Jeffrey L., Serratosa, José, Zara, Federico, and Scheffer, Ingrid E.

Subjects
EPILEPSY, BRAIN diseases, FEMUR diseases, CLINICAL medicine, HUMAN chromosome abnormality diagnosis
Abstract

In this report, the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Genetics Commission discusses essential issues to be considered with regard to clinical genetic testing in the epilepsies. Genetic research on the epilepsies has led to the identification of more than 20 genes with a major effect on susceptibility to idiopathic epilepsies. The most important potential clinical application of these discoveries is genetic testing: the use of genetic information, either to clarify the diagnosis in people already known or suspected to have epilepsy (diagnostic testing), or to predict onset of epilepsy in people at risk because of a family history (predictive testing). Although genetic testing has many potential benefits, it also has potential harms, and assessment of these potential benefits and harms in particular situations is complex. Moreover, many treating clinicians are unfamiliar with the types of tests available, how to access them, how to decide whether they should be offered, and what measures should be used to maximize benefit and minimize harm to their patients. Because the field is moving rapidly, with new information emerging practically every day, we present a framework for considering the clinical utility of genetic testing that can be applied to many different syndromes and clinical contexts. Given the current state of knowledge, genetic testing has high clinical utility in few clinical contexts, but in some of these it carries implications for daily clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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31. A BFIS-like syndrome with late onset and febrile seizures: Suggestive linkage to chromosome 16p11.2–16q12.1.

Author

Weber, Yvonne G., Jacob, Miriam, Weber, Gabriele, and Lerche, Holger

Subjects
INFANTILE spasms, EPILEPSY, FEBRILE seizures, CHROMOSOME abnormalities, GENETICS
Abstract

Benign familial infantile seizures (BFIS) is a dominant idiopathic epilepsy with partial and secondarily generalized seizures with age of onsetr between 3  and 12 months. Here we describe a four-generation family with some characteristic features of BFIS but with unusual clinical signs, in eight affected members with an unusual clinical phenotype. Onset was consistently between 14 and 20 months of age with clusters of complex-partial or generalized tonic–clonic seizures and a high rate of febrile seizures, which have not been described for BFIS previously. All affected members showed multifocal interictal epileptiform discharges in the EEG. The known loci for benign familial neonatal/infantile seizures (BFNS/BFNIS), generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) and the BFIS locus on chromosome 19q were excluded. Further genetic analysis showed suggestive linkage to the major BFIS locus on chromosome 16 between markers D16S690 and D16S3136. This ``BFIS-like'' syndrome may enlarge the phenotypic spectrum of diseases linked to the chromosome 16 region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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32. Genetic mechanisms in idiopathic epilepsies.

Author

Weber, Yvonne G. and Lerche, Holger

Subjects
*GENETICS of epilepsy, *DEVELOPMENTAL disabilities, *GENETIC mutation, *GENETICS, *DRUG therapy
Abstract

Idiopathic epilepsies are considered to be genetically determined. The inheritance can be monogenic and the detected mutation considered sufficient to cause the phenotype. In contrast, when the inheritance is complex, the epileptic phenotype is determined by several minor genetic defects that are much more difficult to discover. In recent years, an increasing number of mutations, mainly associated with rare monogenic idiopathic epilepsy syndromes, have been identified in genes encoding subunits of voltage- or ligand-gated ion channels. A few mutations have also been found in the frequent classical forms of idiopathic generalized epilepsies which are thought to follow a complex genetic trait, for example, in absence or juvenile myoclonic epilepsies. Functional studies characterizing the molecular defects of the mutant channels point to an important role of GABAergic synaptic inhibition in the pathophysiology of idiopathic epilepsies. As a result of genetic and functional investigations, not only will the pathophysiology of epilepsy be better understood, but newly discovered genes and pathophysiological pathways may also determine novel targets for pharmacotherapy, as has been shown for the anticonvulsant drug retigabine, which enhances the activity of neuronal KCNQ potassium channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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33. Benign Familial Infantile Convulsions: Linkage to Chromosome 16p12-q12 in 14 Families.

Author

Weber, Yvonne G., Berger, Andrea, Bebek, Nerses, Maier, Sabine, Karafyllakes, Skevos, Meyer, Nancy, Fukuyama, Yukio, Halbach, Anne, Hikel, Christiane, Kurlemann, Gerhard, Neubauer, Bernd, Osawa, Makiko, Püst, Burkhard, Rating, Dietz, Saito, Kayoko, Stephani, Ulrich, Tauer, Ulrike, Lehmann-Horn, Frank, Jurkat-Rott, Karin, and Lerche, Holger

Subjects
SEIZURES (Medicine), SPASMS, HEREDITY, CHROMOSOMES, GENETICS, GENES
Abstract

Purpose: Benign familial infantile convulsions (BFIC) is a form of idiopathic epilepsy. It is characterized by clusters of afebrile seizures occurring around the sixth month of life. The disease has a benign course with a normal development and rare seizures in adulthood. Previous linkage analyses defined three susceptibility loci on chromosomes 19q12-q13.11, 16p12-q12, and 2q23-31. However, a responsible gene has not been identified. We studied linkage in 16 further BFIC families. Methods: We collected 16 BFIC families, without an additional paroxysmal movement disorder, of German, Turkish, or Japanese origin with two to eight affected individuals. Standard two-point linkage analysis was performed. Results: The clinical picture included a large variety of seizure semiologies ranging from paleness and cyanosis with altered consciousness to generalized tonic–clonic seizures. Interictal EEGs showed focal epileptiform discharges in six patients, and three ictal EEGs in three distinct patients revealed a focal seizure onset in different brain regions. In all analyzed families, we found no evidence for linkage to the BFIC loci on chromosomes 19q and 2q, as well as to the known loci for benign familial neonatal convulsions on chromosomes 8q and 20q. In 14 of the families, the chromosome 16 locus could be confirmed with a cumulative maximum two-point lod score of 6.1 at marker D16S411, and the known region for BFIC could be narrowed to 22.5 Mbp between markers D16S690 and D16S3136. Conclusions: Our data confirm the importance of the chromosome 16 locus for BFIC and may narrow the relevant interval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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34. Enhanced inactivation and acceleration of activation of the sodium channel associated with epilepsy in man.

Author

Alekov, Alexi K., Rahman, MD. Masmudur, Mitrovic, Nenad, Lehmann‐Horn, Frank, and Lerche, Holger

Subjects
EPILEPSY, FEBRILE seizures, MYOTONIA
Abstract

Abstract Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures-plus (GEFS+) is a benign Mendelian syndrome characterized by childhood-onset febrile and afebrile seizures. Three point mutations within two voltage-gated sodium channel genes have been identified so far: in GEFS+ type 1 a mutation in the β1-subunit gene SCN1B, and in GEFS+ type 2 two mutations within the neuronal α-subunit gene SCN1A. Functional expression of the SCN1B and one of the SCN1A mutations revealed defects in fast channel inactivation which are in line with previous findings on myotonia causing mutations in SCN4A, the skeletal muscle sodium channel α-subunit gene, all showing an impaired fast inactivation. We now studied the second GEFS+ mutation (T875M in SCN1A), using the highly homologous SCN4A gene (mutation T685M). Unexpectedly, the experiments revealed a pronounced enhancement of both fast and slow inactivation and a defect of channel activation for T685M compared to wild-type channels. Steady-state fast and slow inactivation curves were shifted in the hyperpolarizing direction, entry into slow inactivation was threefold accelerated, recovery from slow inactivation was slowed by threefold and the time course of activation was slightly but significantly accelerated. In contrast to other disease-causing mutations in SCN1A, SCN1B and SCN4A, the only mechanism that could explain hyperexcitability of the cell membrane would be the acceleration of activation. Because the enhancement of slow inactivation was the most obvious alteration in gating found for T685M, this might be the disease-causing mechanism for that mutation. In this case, the occurrence of epileptic seizures could be explained by a decrease of excitability of inhibitory neurons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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35. Early-onset familial hemiplegic migraine due to a novel SCN1A mutation.

Author

Fan, Chunxiang, Wolking, Stefan, Lehmann-Horn, Frank, Hedrich, Ulrike B. S., Freilinger, Tobias, Lerche, Holger, Borck, Guntram, Kubisch, Christian, Jurkat-Rott, Karin, and Hedrich, Ulrike Bs

Subjects
*MIGRAINE, *GENETIC mutation, *GENETIC testing, *INTERNEURONS, *ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, *GENETICS, *MIGRAINE diagnosis, *DISEASE susceptibility, *GENEALOGY, *GENETIC polymorphisms, *GENETIC techniques, *GENETIC markers, *MEMBRANE transport proteins
Abstract

Introduction Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) is a rare autosomal dominant subtype of migraine with aura. The FHM3 subtype is caused by mutations in SCN1A, which is also the most frequent epilepsy gene encoding the voltage-gated Na+ channel NaV1.1. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical, genetic and pathogenetic features of a pure FHM3 family. Methods A three-generation family was enrolled in this study for genetic testing and assessment of clinical features. Whole cell patch-clamp was performed to determine the functions of identified mutant NaV1.1 channels, which were transiently expressed in human tsA201 cells together with β1 and β2 subunits. Results and conclusions We identified a novel SCN1A (p.Leu1624Pro) mutation in a pure FHM family with notably early-onset attacks at mean age of 7. L1624P locates in S3 of domain IV, the same domain as two of four known pure FHM3 mutations. Compared to WT channels, L1624P displayed an increased threshold-near persistent current in addition to other gain-of-function features such as: a slowing of fast inactivation, a positive shift in steady-state inactivation, a faster recovery and higher channel availability during repetitive stimulation. Similar to the known FHM3 mutations, this novel mutation predicts hyperexcitability of GABAergic inhibitory neurons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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36. Association of ultra-rare coding variants with genetic generalized epilepsy: A case–control whole exome sequencing study

Author

Koko, M., Motelow, J. E., Stanley, K. E., Bobbili, D. R., Dhindsa, R. S., May, P., Alldredge, B. K., Allen, A. S., Altmuller, J., Amrom, D., Andermann, E., Auce, P., Avbersek, A., Baulac, S., Bautista, J. F., Becker, F., Bellows, S. T., Berghuis, B., Berkovic, S. F., Bluvstein, J., Boro, A., Bridgers, J., Burgess, R., Caglayan, H., Cascino, G. D., Cavalleri, G. L., Chung, S. -K., Cieuta-Walti, C., Cloutier, V., Consalvo, D., Cossette, P., Crumrine, P., Delanty, N., Depondt, C., Desbiens, R., Devinsky, O., Dlugos, D., Epstein, M. P., Everett, K., Fiol, M., Fountain, N. B., Francis, B., French, J., Freyer, C., Friedman, D., Gambardella, A., Geller, E. B., Girard, S., Glauser, T., Glynn, S., Goldstein, D. B., Gravel, M., Haas, K., Haut, S. R., Heinzen, E. L., Helbig, I., Hildebrand, M. S., Johnson, M. R., Jorgensen, A., Joshi, S., Kanner, A., Kirsch, H. E., Klein, K. M., Knowlton, R. C., Koeleman, B. P. C., Kossoff, E. H., Krause, R., Krenn, M., Kunz, W. S., Kuzniecky, R., Langley, S. R., Leguern, E., Lehesjoki, A. -E., Lerche, H., Leu, C., Lortie, A., Lowenstein, D. H., Marson, A. G., Mebane, C., Mefford, H. C., Meloche, C., Moreau, C., Motika, P. V., Muhle, H., Moller, R. S., Nabbout, R., Nguyen, D. K., Nikanorova, M., Novotny, E. J., Nurnberg, P., Ottman, R., O'Brien, T. J., Paolicchi, J. M., Parent, J. M., Park, K., Peter, S., Petrou, S., Petrovski, S., Pickrell, W. O., Poduri, A., Radtke, R. A., Rees, M. I., Regan, B. M., Ren, Z., Sadleir, L. G., Sander, J. W., Sander, T., Scheffer, I. E., Schubert, J., Shellhaas, R. A., Sherr, E. H., Shih, J. J., Shinnar, S., Sills, G. J., Singh, R. K., Siren, A., Sirven, J., Sisodiya, S. M., Smith, M. C., Sonsma, A. C. M., Striano, P., Sullivan, J., Thio, L. L., Thomas, R. H., Venkat, A., Vining, E. P. G., Von Allmen, G. K., Wang, Q., Weber, Y. G., Weckhuysen, S., Weisenberg, J. L., Widdess-Walsh, P., Winawer, M. R., Wolking, S., Zara, F., Zimprich, F., Canadian Epilepsy Network, Epi4K Consortium, Epilepsy Phenome/Genome Project, EpiPGX Consortium, EuroEPINOMICS-CoGIE Consortium, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, Fonds National de la Recherche - FnR [sponsor], Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB): Bioinformatics Core (R. Schneider Group) [research center], Peter, Sarah, Petrou, Steven, Petrovski, Slavé, Pickrell, William O., Poduri, Annapurna, Radtke, Rodney A., Rees, Mark I., Regan, Brigid M., Ren, Zhong, Sadleir, Lynette G., Alldredge, Brian K., Sander, Josemir W., Sander, Thomas, Scheffer, Ingrid E., Schubert, Julian, Shellhaas, Renée A., Sherr, Elliott H., Shih, Jerry J., Shinnar, Shlomo, Sills, Graeme J., Singh, Rani K., Allen, Andrew S., Siren, Auli, Sirven, Joseph, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smith, Michael C., Sonsma, Anja C. M., Striano, Pasquale, Sullivan, Joseph, Thio, Liu Lin, Thomas, Rhys H., Venkat, Anu, Altmüller, Janine, Vining, Eileen P. G., Von Allmen, Gretchen K., Wang, Quanli, Weber, Yvonne G., Weckhuysen, Sarah, Weisenberg, Judith L., Widdess-Walsh, Peter, Winawer, Melodie R., Wolking, Stefan, Zara, Federico, Amrom, Dina, Zimprich, Fritz, Andermann, Eva, Auce, Pauls, Avbersek, Andreja, Baulac, Stéphanie, Bautista, Jocelyn F., Becker, Felicitas, Bellows, Susannah T., Berghuis, Bianca, Berkovic, Samuel F., Bluvstein, Judith, Boro, Alex, Bridgers, Joshua, Burgess, Rosemary, Caglayan, Hande, Cascino, Gregory D., Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Chung, Seo-Kyung, Cieuta-Walti, Cécile, Cloutier, Véronique, Consalvo, Damian, Cossette, Patrick, Crumrine, Patricia, Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Desbiens, Richard, Devinsky, Orrin, Dlugos, Dennis, Epstein, Michael P., Everett, Kate, Fiol, Miguel, Fountain, Nathan B., Francis, Ben, French, Jacqueline, Freyer, Catharine, Friedman, Daniel, Gambardella, Antonio, Geller, Eric B., Girard, Simon, Glauser, Tracy, Glynn, Simon, Goldstein, David B., Gravel, Micheline, Haas, Kevin, Haut, Sheryl R., Heinzen, Erin L., Helbig, Ingo, Hildebrand, Michael S., Johnson, Michael R., Jorgensen, Andrea, Joshi, Sucheta, Kanner, Andres, Kirsch, Heidi E., Klein, Karl M., Knowlton, Robert C., Koeleman, Bobby P. C., Kossoff, Eric H., Krause, Roland, Krenn, Martin, Kunz, Wolfram S., Kuzniecky, Ruben, Langley, Sarah R., LeGuern, Eric, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Lerche, Holger, Leu, Costin, Lortie, Anne, Lowenstein, Daniel H., Marson, Anthony G., Mebane, Caroline, Mefford, Heather C., Meloche, Caroline, Moreau, Claudia, Motika, Paul V., Muhle, Hiltrud, Møller, Rikke S., Nabbout, Rima, Nguyen, Dang K., Nikanorova, Marina, Novotny, Edward J., Nürnberg, Peter, Ottman, Ruth, O'Brien, Terence J., Paolicchi, Juliann M., Parent, Jack M., and Park, Kristen

Subjects
GABA receptors, Neurology [D14] [Human health sciences], Clinical Sciences, GABA(A) receptors, GABRG2, familial epilepsy, Article, Clinical Research, Receptors, Exome Sequencing, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Humans, GGE, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, sporadic epilepsy, EpiPGX Consortium, Aetiology, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, GABAA receptors, Epi4K Consortium, Epilepsy, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Neurologie [D14] [Sciences de la santé humaine], Generalized, GABA-A, Prevention, Human Genome, Neurosciences, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, 3112 Neurosciences, Receptors, GABA-A, EuroEPINOMICS-CoGIE Consortium, Neurology, Case-Control Studies, Epilepsy, Generalized, Canadian Epilepsy Network, Neurology (clinical), Genetics & genetic processes [F10] [Life sciences], 3111 Biomedicine, Human medicine, Génétique & processus génétiques [F10] [Sciences du vivant], Epilepsy Phenome/Genome Project
Abstract

ObjectiveWe aimed to identify genes associated with genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) by combining large cohorts enriched with individuals with a positive family history. Secondarily, we set out to compare the association of genes independently with familial and sporadic GGE.MethodsWe performed a case-control whole exome sequencing study in unrelated individuals of European descent diagnosed with GGE (previously recruited and sequenced through multiple international collaborations) and ancestry-matched controls. The association of ultra-rare variants (URVs; in 18834 protein-coding genes) with epilepsy was examined in 1928 individuals with GGE (vs. 8578 controls), then separately in 945 individuals with familial GGE (vs. 8626 controls), and finally in 1005 individuals with sporadic GGE (vs. 8621 controls). We additionally examined the association of URVs with familial and sporadic GGE in two gene sets important for inhibitory signaling (19genes encoding γ-aminobutyric acid type A [GABAA ] receptors, 113genes representing the GABAergic pathway).ResultsGABRG2 was associated with GGE (p=1.8×10-5 ), approaching study-wide significance in familial GGE (p=3.0×10-6 ), whereas no gene approached a significant association with sporadic GGE. Deleterious URVs in the most intolerant subgenic regions in genes encoding GABAA receptors were associated with familial GGE (odds ratio [OR]=3.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.9-7.8, false discovery rate [FDR]-adjusted p=.0024), whereas their association with sporadic GGE had marginally lower odds (OR=3.1, 95% CI=1.3-6.7, FDR-adjusted p=.022). URVs in GABAergic pathway genes were associated with familial GGE (OR=1.8, 95% CI=1.3-2.5, FDR-adjusted p=.0024) but not with sporadic GGE (OR=1.3, 95% CI=.9-1.9, FDR-adjusted p=.19).SignificanceURVs in GABRG2 are likely an important risk factor for familial GGE. The association of gene sets of GABAergic signaling with familial GGE is more prominent than with sporadic GGE.

Published
2022

37. Do Glut1 (glucose transporter type 1) defects exist in epilepsy patients responding to a ketogenic diet?

Author

Becker, Felicitas, Schubert, Julian, Weckhuysen, Sarah, Suls, Arvid, Grüninger, Steffen, Korn-Merker, Elisabeth, Hofmann-Peters, Anne, Sperner, Jürgen, Cross, Helen, Hallmann, Kerstin, Elger, Christian E., Kunz, Wolfram S., Madeleyen, René, Lerche, Holger, and Weber, Yvonne G.

Subjects
*TREATMENT of epilepsy, *GLUCOSE transporters, *PEOPLE with epilepsy, *KETOGENIC diet, *ANTICONVULSANTS
Abstract

Summary In the recent years, several neurological syndromes related to defects of the glucose transporter type 1 (Glut1) have been descried. They include the glucose transporter deficiency syndrome (Glut1-DS) as the most severe form, the paroxysmal exertion-induced dyskinesia (PED), a form of spastic paraparesis (CSE) as well as the childhood (CAE) and the early-onset absence epilepsy (EOAE). Glut1, encoded by the gene SLC2A1 , is the most relevant glucose transporter in the brain. All Glut1 syndromes respond well to a ketogenic diet (KD) and most of the patients show a rapid seizure control. Ketogenic Diet developed to an established treatment for other forms of pharmaco-resistant epilepsies. Since we were interested in the question if those patients might have an underlying Glut1 defect, we sequenced SLC2A1 in a cohort of 28 patients with different forms of pharmaco-resistant epilepsies responding well to a KD. Unfortunately, we could not detect any mutations in SLC2A1 . The exact action mechanisms of KD in pharmaco-resistant epilepsy are not well understood, but bypassing the Glut1 transporter seems not to play an important role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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38. Distinct gene-set burden patterns underlie common generalized and focal epilepsies

Author

Mahmoud Koko, Roland Krause, Thomas Sander, Dheeraj Reddy Bobbili, Michael Nothnagel, Patrick May, Holger Lerche, Yen-Chen Anne Feng, Daniel P Howrigan, Liam E Abbott, Katherine Tashman, Felecia Cerrato, Tarjinder Singh, Henrike Heyne, Andrea Byrnes, Claire Churchhouse, Nick Watts, Matthew Solomonson, Dennis Lal, Erin L Heinzen, Ryan S Dhindsa, Kate E Stanley, Gianpiero L Cavalleri, Hakon Hakonarson, Ingo Helbig, Sarah Weckhuysen, Slavé Petrovski, Sitharthan Kamalakaran, Sanjay M Sisodiya, Patrick Cossette, Chris Cotsapas, Peter DeJonghe, Tracy Dixon-Salazar, Renzo Guerrini, Patrick Kwan, Anthony G Marson, Randy Stewart, Chantal Depondt, Dennis J Dlugos, Ingrid E Scheffer, Pasquale Striano, Catharine Freyer, Kevin McKenna, Brigid M Regan, Susannah T Bellows, Costin Leu, Caitlin A Bennett, Esther M C Johns, Alexandra Macdonald, Hannah Shilling, Rosemary Burgess, Dorien Weckhuysen, Melanie Bahlo, Terence J O'Brien, Marian Todaro, Hannah Stamberger, Danielle M Andrade, Tara R Sadoway, Kelly Mo, Heinz Krestel, Sabina Gallati, Savvas S Papacostas, Ioanna Kousiappa, George A Tanteles, Katalin Štěrbová, Markéta Vlčková, Lucie Sedláčková, Petra Laššuthová, Karl Martin Klein, Felix Rosenow, Philipp S Reif, Susanne Knake, Wolfram S Kunz, Gábor Zsurka, Christian E Elger, Jürgen Bauer, Michael Rademacher, Manuela Pendziwiat, Hiltrud Muhle, Annika Rademacher, Andreas vanBaalen, Sarah vonSpiczak, Ulrich Stephani, Zaid Afawi, Amos D Korczyn, Moien Kanaan, Christina Canavati, Gerhard Kurlemann, Karen Müller-Schlüter, Gerhard Kluger, Martin Häusler, Ilan Blatt, Johannes R Lemke, Ilona Krey, Yvonne G Weber, Stefan Wolking, Felicitas Becker, Christian Hengsbach, Sarah Rau, Ana F Maisch, Bernhard J Steinhoff, Andreas Schulze-Bonhage, Susanne Schubert-Bast, Herbert Schreiber, Ingo Borggräfe, Christoph J Schankin, Thomas Mayer, Rudolf Korinthenberg, Knut Brockmann, Dieter Dennig, Rene Madeleyn, Reetta Kälviäinen, Pia Auvinen, Anni Saarela, Tarja Linnankivi, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Mark I Rees, Seo-Kyung Chung, William O Pickrell, Robert Powell, Natascha Schneider, Simona Balestrini, Sara Zagaglia, Vera Braatz, Michael R Johnson, Pauls Auce, Graeme J Sills, Larry W Baum, Pak C Sham, Stacey S Cherny, Colin H T Lui, Nina Barišić, Norman Delanty, Colin P Doherty, Arif Shukralla, Mark McCormack, Hany El-Naggar, Laura Canafoglia, Silvana Franceschetti, Barbara Castellotti, Tiziana Granata, Federico Zara, Michele Iacomino, Francesca Madia, Maria Stella Vari, Maria Margherita Mancardi, Vincenzo Salpietro, Francesca Bisulli, Paolo Tinuper, Laura Licchetta, Tommaso Pippucci, Carlotta Stipa, Raffaella Minardi, Antonio Gambardella, Angelo Labate, Grazia Annesi, Lorella Manna, Monica Gagliardi, Elena Parrini, Davide Mei, Annalisa Vetro, Claudia Bianchini, Martino Montomoli, Viola Doccini, Carla Marini, Toshimitsu Suzuki, Yushi Inoue, Kazuhiro Yamakawa, Birute Tumiene, Lynette G Sadleir, Chontelle King, Emily Mountier, Hande S Caglayan, Mutluay Arslan, Zuhal Yapıcı, Uluc Yis, Pınar Topaloglu, Bulent Kara, Dilsad Turkdogan, Aslı Gundogdu-Eken, Nerses Bebek, Sibel Uğur-İşeri, Betül Baykan, Barış Salman, Garen Haryanyan, Emrah Yücesan, Yeşim Kesim, Çiğdem Özkara, Annapurna Poduri, Beth R Shiedley, Catherine Shain, Russell J Buono, Thomas N Ferraro, Michael R Sperling, Warren Lo, Michael Privitera, Jacqueline A French, Steven Schachter, Ruben I Kuzniecky, Orrin Devinsky, Manu Hegde, Pouya Khankhanian, Katherine L Helbig, Colin A Ellis, Gianfranco Spalletta, Fabrizio Piras, Federica Piras, Tommaso Gili, Valentina Ciullo, Andreas Reif, Andrew McQuillin, Nick Bass, Andrew McIntosh, Douglas Blackwood, Mandy Johnstone, Aarno Palotie, Michele T Pato, Carlos N Pato, Evelyn J Bromet, Celia Barreto Carvalho, Eric D Achtyes, Maria Helena Azevedo, Roman Kotov, Douglas S Lehrer, Dolores Malaspina, Stephen R Marder, Helena Medeiros, Christopher P Morley, Diana O Perkins, Janet L Sobell, Peter F Buckley, Fabio Macciardi, Mark H Rapaport, James A Knowles, Genomic Psychiatry Cohort, Ayman H Fanous, Steven A McCarroll, Namrata Gupta, Stacey B Gabriel, Mark J Daly, Eric S Lander, Daniel H Lowenstein, David B Goldstein, Samuel F Berkovic, Benjamin M Neale, Epi25 Collaborative, Koko M., Krause R., Sander T., Bobbili D.R., Nothnagel M., May P., Lerche H., Bisulli F., Tinuper P., Pippucci T., Abbott, Liam E., Hengsbach, Christian, Rau, Sarah, Maisch, Ana F., Steinhoff, Bernhard J., Schulze-Bonhage, Andreas, Schubert-Bast, Susanne, Schreiber, Herbert, Borggräfe, Ingo, Schankin, Christoph J., Mayer, Thomas, Tashman, Katherine, Korinthenberg, Rudolf, Brockmann, Knut, Kurlemann, Gerhard, Dennig, Dieter, Madeleyn, Rene, Kälviäinen, Reetta, Auvinen, Pia, Saarela, Anni, Linnankivi, Tarja, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Cerrato, Felecia, Rees, Mark I., Chung, Seo-Kyung, Pickrell, William O., Powell, Robert, Schneider, Natascha, Balestrini, Simona, Zagaglia, Sara, Braatz, Vera, Johnson, Michael R., Auce, Pauls, Singh, Tarjinder, Sills, Graeme J., Baum, Larry W., Sham, Pak C., Cherny, Stacey S., Lui, Colin H. T., Barišic, Nina, Delanty, Norman, Doherty, Colin P., Shukralla, Arif, McCormack, Mark, Heyne, Henrike, El-Naggar, Hany, Canafoglia, Laura, Franceschetti, Silvana, Castellotti, Barbara, Granata, Tiziana, Zara, Federico, Iacomino, Michele, Madia, Francesca, Vari, Maria Stella, Mancardi, Maria Margherita, Byrnes, Andrea, Salpietro, Vincenzo, Bisulli, Francesca, Tinuper, Paolo, Licchetta, Laura, Pippucci, Tommaso, Stipa, Carlotta, Minardi, Raffaella, Gambardella, Antonio, Labate, Angelo, Annesi, Grazia, Churchhouse, Claire, Manna, Lorella, Gagliardi, Monica, Parrini, Elena, Mei, Davide, Vetro, Annalisa, Bianchini, Claudia, Montomoli, Martino, Doccini, Viola, Marini, Carla, Suzuki, Toshimitsu, Watts, Nick, Inoue, Yushi, Yamakawa, Kazuhiro, Tumiene, Birute, Sadleir, Lynette G., King, Chontelle, Mountier, Emily, Caglayan, Hande S., Arslan, Mutluay, Yapici, Zuhal, Yis, Uluc, Solomonson, Matthew, Topaloglu, Pinar, Kara, Bulent, Turkdogan, Dilsad, Gundogdu-Eken, Asli, Bebek, Nerses, Ugur-Iseri, Sibel, Baykan, Betül, Salman, Baris, Haryanyan, Garen, Yücesan, Emrah, Lal, Dennis, Kesim, Yesim, Özkara, Çigdem, Poduri, Annapurna, Shiedley, Beth R., Shain, Catherine, Buono, Russell J., Ferraro, Thomas N., Sperling, Michael R., Lo, Warren, Privitera, Michael, Heinzen, Erin L., French, Jacqueline A., Schachter, Steven, Kuzniecky, Ruben I., Devinsky, Orrin, Hegde, Manu, Khankhanian, Pouya, Helbig, Katherine L., Ellis, Colin A., Spalletta, Gianfranco, Piras, Fabrizio, Dhindsa, Ryan S., Piras, Federica, Gili, Tommaso, Ciullo, Valentina, Reif, Andreas, McQuillin, Andrew, Bass, Nick, McIntosh, Andrew, Blackwood, Douglas, Johnstone, Mandy, Palotie, Aarno, Stanley, Kate E., Pato, Michele T., Pato, Carlos N., Bromet, Evelyn J., Carvalho, Celia Barreto, Achtyes, Eric D., Azevedo, Maria Helena, Kotov, Roman, Lehrer, Douglas S., Malaspina, Dolores, Marder, Stephen R., Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Medeiros, Helena, Morley, Christopher P., Perkins, Diana O., Sobell, Janet L., Buckley, Peter F., Macciardi, Fabio, Rapaport, Mark H., Knowles, James A., Cohort, Genomic Psychiatry, Fanous, Ayman H., Hakonarson, Hakon, McCarroll, Steven A., Gupta, Namrata, Gabriel, Stacey B., Daly, Mark J., Lander, Eric S., Lowenstein, Daniel H., Goldstein, David B., Lerche, Holger, Berkovic, Samuel F., Neale, Benjamin M., Helbig, Ingo, Krause, Roland, May, Patrick, Weckhuysen, Sarah, Petrovski, Slavé, Kamalakaran, Sitharthan, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Cossette, Patrick, Cotsapas, Chris, DeJonghe, Peter, Dixon-Salazar, Tracy, Guerrini, Renzo, Kwan, Patrick, Marson, Anthony G., Stewart, Randy, Depondt, Chantal, Dlugos, Dennis J., Scheffer, Ingrid E., Striano, Pasquale, Freyer, Catharine, McKenna, Kevin, Regan, Brigid M., Bellows, Susannah T., Leu, Costin, Bennett, Caitlin A., Johns, Esther M. C., Macdonald, Alexandra, Shilling, Hannah, Burgess, Rosemary, Weckhuysen, Dorien, Bahlo, Melanie, O'Brien, Terence J., Todaro, Marian, Stamberger, Hannah, Andrade, Danielle M., Sadoway, Tara R., Mo, Kelly, Krestel, Heinz, Gallati, Sabina, Papacostas, Savvas S., Kousiappa, Ioanna, Tanteles, George A., Šterbová, Katalin, Vlcková, Markéta, Sedlácková, Lucie, Laššuthová, Petra, Klein, Karl Martin, Rosenow, Felix, Reif, Philipp S., Knake, Susanne, Kunz, Wolfram S., Zsurka, Gábor, Elger, Christian E., Bauer, Jürgen, Rademacher, Michael, Feng, Yen-Chen Anne, Pendziwiat, Manuela, Muhle, Hiltrud, Rademacher, Annika, van Baalen, Andreas, von Spiczak, Sarah, Stephani, Ulrich, Afawi, Zaid, Korczyn, Amos D., Kanaan, Moien, Canavati, Christina, Howrigan, Daniel P., Müller-Schlüter, Karen, Kluger, Gerhard, Häusler, Martin, Blatt, Ilan, Lemke, Johannes R., Krey, Ilona, Weber, Yvonne G., Wolking, Stefan, Becker, Felicitas, DFG Research Unit FOR-2715 (Germany), FNR (Luxembourg), NHGRI (US), NHLBI (US), DAAD (Germany). [sponsor], and Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB): Bioinformatics Core (R. Schneider Group) [research center]

Subjects
Exome sequencing, Male, Medicine (General), Neurology [D14] [Human health sciences], Gene-set, Genome-wide association study, Disease, Biology, Epileptogenesis, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Whole Exome Sequencing, Epilepsy, R5-920, medicine, Missense mutation, Humans, Exome, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Gene, Genetic association, Ultra-rare variant, Genetics, Neurologie [D14] [Sciences de la santé humaine], Burden analysis, Genetic Variation, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Ultra-rare variants, Gene-sets, Case-Control Studies, Medicine, epilepsy, Epilepsy, Generalized, Female, Genetics & genetic processes [F10] [Life sciences], Epilepsies, Partial, Human medicine, Burden analysi, Génétique & processus génétiques [F10] [Sciences du vivant], Case-Control Studie, Research Paper, Genome-Wide Association Study, Human
Abstract

EBioMedicine 72, 103588 (2021). doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103588, Published by Elsevier, Amsterdam [u.a.]

Published
2021

39. Lack of evidence of an allelic association of a functional GABRB3 exon 1a promoter polymorphism with idiopathic generalized epilepsy

Author

Hempelmann, Anne, Cobilanschi, Joana, Heils, Armin, Muhle, Hiltrud, Stephani, Ulrich, Weber, Yvonne, Lerche, Holger, and Sander, Thomas

Subjects
*GENETIC polymorphisms, *LENNOX-Gastaut syndrome, *SPECTRUM analysis, *GABA
Abstract

Summary: Purpose: Mutation screening and linkage disequilibrium mapping of the gene encoding the GABAA β3 subunit (GABRB3) identified a common genetic variant in the exon 1a promoter region (C-allele of rs4906902) which displayed a reduced transcriptional activity and showed a strong allelic association with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE). The present population-based association study tested whether the C-allele of rs4906902 confers susceptibility to CAE or other common syndromes of idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) in a German sample. Methods: Seven hundred and eighty unrelated German IGE patients (250 CAE, 123 juvenile absence epilepsy, 303 juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), 104 epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures on awakening) and 559 healthy population controls were genotyped for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4906902. Results: The frequency of the risk-conferring C-allele did not differ significantly between CAE patients (f(C)=0.190) and controls (f(C)=0.183; P =0.376, one-tailed). Similarly, no evidence for an allelic association was found for 373 patients with idiopathic absence epilepsy, 303 JME patients, and the entire IGE sample (P >0.77, two-tailed). Conclusion: Our study failed to replicate an association of the common GABRB3 exon 1a promoter SNP rs4906902 with CAE. Moreover, the present results do not provide evidence that the common functional C-variant confers a substantial epileptogenic effect to a broad spectrum of IGE syndromes in the German population. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2007
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40. Subthreshold changes of voltage-dependent activation of the KV7.2 channel in neonatal epilepsy

Author

Hunter, Jessica, Maljevic, Snezana, Shankar, Anupama, Siegel, Anne, Weissman, Barbara, Holt, Philip, Olson, Larry, Lerche, Holger, and Escayg, Andrew

Subjects
*DEVELOPMENTAL disabilities, *EPILEPSY, *BRAIN diseases, *MEMBRANE proteins
Abstract

Abstract: Benign familial neonatal convulsions (BFNC) is an epileptic disorder caused by dominant mutations in the genes KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 encoding the K+ channels KV7.2 and KV7.3. We identified two novel KCNQ2 mutations in two BFNC families. One mutation predicted a truncated protein (S247X) that lacks the channel''s pore region, the other resulted in the amino acid substitution S122L in the S2 segment of KV7.2. In comparison to wild-type (WT) KV7.2, functional analysis of S122L mutant channels in Xenopus oocytes revealed a significant positive shift and increased slope of the activation curve leading to significant current reduction in the subthreshold range of an action potential (75% reduction at −50 mV). Our results establish an important role of the KV7.2 S2 segment in voltage-dependent channel gating and demonstrate in a human disease that subthreshold voltages are likely to represent the physiologically relevant range for this K+ channel to regulate neuronal firing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2006
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41. Genome-wide mega-analysis identifies 16 loci and highlights diverse biological mechanisms in the common epilepsies

Author

Christian E. Elger, Wolfgang Lieb, Claudia B. Catarino, Pasquale Striano, Andreja Avbersek, Daniel H. Lowenstein, Philip E. M. Smith, G. Neil Thomas, Dick Lindhout, Erin L. Heinzen, Sanjay M. Sisodiya, Orrin Devinsky, Alexander R. H. Smith, Rainer Surges, Stefan Wolking, Patrick Cossette, Annapurna Poduri, Eric B. Geller, Stacey S. Cherny, Maria Stella Vari, Peter De Jonghe, Kevin Haas, Andres Ingason, Reetta Kälviäinen, Krishna Chinthapalli, Dennis Lal, Graeme J. Sills, Martina Moerzinger, Jonathan P. Bradfield, Mark R Newton, Federico Zara, Sheryl R. Haut, Warren D. Lo, Holger Lerche, Felix Rosenow, Robert C. Knowlton, Mark McCormack, Sarah Rau, Felicitas Becker, Andre Franke, Heidi E. Kirsch, Patrick Kwan, Remi Stevelink, Rodney A. Radtke, Michele Iacomino, Faith Pangilinan, Ulrich Stephani, David F. Smith, Eva M. Reinthaler, Chantal Depondt, Hiltrud Muhle, Russell J. Buono, Alison J. Coffey, Ellen Campbell, Marvin Johnson, Bernhard J. Steinhoff, Sarah von Spiczak, Yvonne G. Weber, Ping-Wing Ng, Kerstin Hallmann, Philipp S. Reif, David Goldstein, Bettina Schmitz, Antonietta Coppola, Jerry J. Shih, Karen Oliver, Anne-Mari Kantanen, Rossana Tozzi, Markus Wolff, Albert J. Becker, Anne M. Molloy, Lisa Slattery, James L. Mills, Judith L.Z. Weisenberg, Jacqueline A. French, Lawrence C. Brody, Int League Against Epilepsy Conso, Peter Widdess-Walsh, Helle Hjalgrim, Christian Hengsbach, Christoph J. Schankin, Johan G. Eriksson, Tracy A. Glauser, Yu-Lung Lau, Larry Baum, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Nicole M. Walley, Josemir W. Sander, Markus M. Noethen, Simon Glynn, Jennifer Jamnadas-Khoda, Thomas Bast, Susanne Schoch, Iscia Lopes-Cendes, Doug Speed, Anja C M Sonsma, John Craig, Ingo Helbig, Marian Todaro, Gregory D. Cascino, Steven C. Schachter, Fritz Zimprich, Samuel F. Berkovic, Michael Privitera, Ben Francis, Martin Krenn, Rikke S. Møller, Eileen P.G. Vining, Martha Feucht, Bobby P. C. Koeleman, Ruben Kuzniecky, Christian Gieger, K. Meng Tan, Dalia Kasperaviciute, Pauls Auce, Gianpiero L. Cavalleri, Melanie Bahlo, Zhi Wei, Nasir Mirza, David J. Balding, Mike Smith, Liu Lin Thio, Alastair Compston, Katja E. Boysen, Gerrit-Jan de Haan, Hongsheng Gui, Hakon Hakonarson, Christopher D. Whelan, Colin P. Doherty, Youling Guo, Aarno Palotie, Wolfram S. Kunz, Slavé Petrovski, Thomas Sander, Frank Visscher, Bianca Berghuis, Costin Leu, Verena Gaus, Dennis J. Dlugos, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Alberto Malovini, Konstantin Strauch, Wanling Yang, Saskia Freytag, H. Stroink, Pak C. Sham, Norman Delanty, Terence J. O'Brien, Carolien G.F. de Kovel, Thomas U. Mayer, Anthony G Marson, Bassel Abou-Khalil, Thomas N. Ferraro, Dorothée G.A. Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité, Roland Krause, Sarah Peter, Peter Nuernberg, Theresa Scattergood, Michael R. Sperling, Johan Eriksson / Principal Investigator, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Clinicum, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Aarno Palotie / Principal Investigator, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Genomics of Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Int League Against Epilepsy Conso, Abou-Khalil, Bassel, Auce, Paul, Avbersek, Andreja, Bahlo, Melanie, J Balding, David, Bast, Thoma, Baum, Larry, J Becker, Albert, Becker, Felicita, Berghuis, Bianca, F Berkovic, Samuel, E Boysen, Katja, P Bradfield, Jonathan, C Brody, Lawrence, J Buono, Russell, Campbell, Ellen, D Cascino, Gregory, B Catarino, Claudia, L Cavalleri, Gianpiero, S Cherny, Stacey, Chinthapalli, Krishna, J Coffey, Alison, Compston, Alastair, Coppola, Antonietta, Cossette, Patrick, J Craig, John, de Haan, Gerrit-Jan, De Jonghe, Peter, F de Kovel, Carolien G, Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Devinsky, Orrin, J Dlugos, Denni, P Doherty, Colin, E Elger, Christian, G Eriksson, Johan, N Ferraro, Thoma, Feucht, Martha, Francis, Ben, Franke, Andre, A French, Jacqueline, Freytag, Saskia, Gaus, Verena, B Geller, Eric, Gieger, Christian, Glauser, Tracy, Glynn, Simon, B Goldstein, David, Gui, Hongsheng, Guo, Youling, F Haas, Kevin, Hakonarson, Hakon, Hallmann, Kerstin, Haut, Sheryl, L Heinzen, Erin, Helbig, Ingo, Hengsbach, Christian, Hjalgrim, Helle, Iacomino, Michele, Ingason, André, Jamnadas-Khoda, Jennifer, R Johnson, Michael, Kälviäinen, Reetta, Kantanen, Anne-Mari, Kasperavičiūte, Dalia, Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite, Dorothee, E Kirsch, Heidi, C Knowlton, Robert, C Koeleman, Bobby P, Krause, Roland, Krenn, Martin, S Kunz, Wolfram, Kuzniecky, Ruben, Kwan, Patrick, Lal, Denni, Lau, Yu-Lung, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Lerche, Holger, Leu, Costin, Lieb, Wolfgang, Lindhout, Dick, D Lo, Warren, Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, H Lowenstein, Daniel, Malovini, Alberto, G Marson, Anthony, Mayer, Thoma, Mccormack, Mark, L Mills, Jame, Mirza, Nasir, Moerzinger, Martina, S Møller, Rikke, M Molloy, Anne, Muhle, Hiltrud, Newton, Mark, Ng, Ping-Wing, M Nöthen, Marku, Nürnberg, Peter, J O'Brien, Terence, L Oliver, Karen, Palotie, Aarno, Pangilinan, Faith, Peter, Sarah, Petrovski, Slavé, Poduri, Annapurna, Privitera, Michael, Radtke, Rodney, Rau, Sarah, S Reif, Philipp, M Reinthaler, Eva, Rosenow, Felix, W Sander, Josemir, Sander, Thoma, Scattergood, Theresa, C Schachter, Steven, J Schankin, Christoph, E Scheffer, Ingrid, Schmitz, Bettina, Schoch, Susanne, C Sham, Pak, J Shih, Jerry, J Sills, Graeme, M Sisodiya, Sanjay, Slattery, Lisa, Smith, Alexander, F Smith, David, C Smith, Michael, E Smith, Philip, M Sonsma, Anja C, Speed, Doug, R Sperling, Michael, J Steinhoff, Bernhard, Stephani, Ulrich, Stevelink, Remi, Strauch, Konstantin, Striano, Pasquale, Stroink, Han, Surges, Rainer, Meng Tan, K, Lin Thio, Liu, Neil Thomas, G, Todaro, Marian, Tozzi, Rossana, S Vari, Maria, G Vining, Eileen P, Visscher, Frank, von Spiczak, Sarah, M Walley, Nicole, G Weber, Yvonne, Wei, Zhi, Weisenberg, Judith, D Whelan, Christopher, Widdess-Walsh, Peter, Wolff, Marku, Wolking, Stefan, Yang, Wanling, Zara, Federico, Zimprich, Fritz, Wellcome Trust, GlaxoSmithKline Services Unlimited, Commission of the European Communities, Medical Research Council (MRC), and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Linkage disequilibrium, LD SCORE REGRESSION, Neurology [D14] [Human health sciences], General Physics and Astronomy, Genome-wide association study, ILAE COMMISSION, Neurodegenerative, Genome, Linkage Disequilibrium, Epilepsy, Gene Frequency, Missing heritability problem, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, lcsh:Science, International League Against Epilepsy Consortium on Complex Epilepsies, Multidisciplinary, Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics, Chromosome Mapping, ASSOCIATION, Epilepsy/classification, Single Nucleotide, ABSENCE, 3. Good health, Technologie de l'environnement, contrôle de la pollution, SNP HERITABILITY, Neurological, Genome-Wide Association Study/methods, Case-Control Studie, Engineering sciences. Technology, Human, Biotechnology, EXPRESSION, SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI, Genotype, Science, Quantitative Trait Loci, 610 Medicine & health, Computational biology, Biology, Quantitative trait locus, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, GENETIC ARCHITECTURE, 03 medical and health sciences, MD Multidisciplinary, medicine, Genetics, SNP, Chimie, FRONTAL-LOBE, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, METAANALYSIS, Neurologie [D14] [Sciences de la santé humaine], Physique, Human Genome, Neurosciences, General Chemistry, Astronomie, medicine.disease, Genetic architecture, Brain Disorders, 030104 developmental biology, Gene Expression Regulation, Case-Control Studies, epilepsy, lcsh:Q, 3111 Biomedicine, Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

The epilepsies affect around 65 million people worldwide and have a substantial missing heritability component. We report a genome-wide mega-analysis involving 15,212 individuals with epilepsy and 29,677 controls, which reveals 16 genome-wide significant loci, of which 11 are novel. Using various prioritization criteria, we pinpoint the 21 most likely epilepsy genes at these loci, with the majority in genetic generalized epilepsies. These genes have diverse biological functions, including coding for ion-channel subunits, transcription factors and a vitamin-B6 metabolism enzyme. Converging evidence shows that the common variants associated with epilepsy play a role in epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the brain. The results show an enrichment for monogenic epilepsy genes as well as known targets of antiepileptic drugs. Using SNP-based heritability analyses we disentangle both the unique and overlapping genetic basis to seven different epilepsy subtypes. Together, these findings provide leads for epilepsy therapies based on underlying pathophysiology., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2018

42. Rare coding variants in genes encoding GABAA receptors in genetic generalised epilepsies: an exome-based case-control study

Author

Patrick May, Simon Girard, Merle Harrer, Dheeraj R Bobbili, Julian Schubert, Stefan Wolking, Felicitas Becker, Pamela Lachance-Touchette, Caroline Meloche, Micheline Gravel, Cristina E Niturad, Julia Knaus, Carolien De Kovel, Mohamad Toliat, Anne Polvi, Michele Iacomino, Rosa Guerrero-López, Stéphanie Baulac, Carla Marini, Holger Thiele, Janine Altmüller, Kamel Jabbari, Ann-Kathrin Ruppert, Wiktor Jurkowski, Dennis Lal, Raffaella Rusconi, Sandrine Cestèle, Benedetta Terragni, Ian D Coombs, Christopher A Reid, Pasquale Striano, Hande Caglayan, Auli Siren, Kate Everett, Rikke S Møller, Helle Hjalgrim, Hiltrud Muhle, Ingo Helbig, Wolfram S Kunz, Yvonne G Weber, Sarah Weckhuysen, Peter De Jonghe, Sanjay M Sisodiya, Rima Nabbout, Silvana Franceschetti, Antonietta Coppola, Maria S Vari, Dorothée Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité, Betul Baykan, Ugur Ozbek, Nerses Bebek, Karl M Klein, Felix Rosenow, Dang K Nguyen, François Dubeau, Lionel Carmant, Anne Lortie, Richard Desbiens, Jean-François Clément, Cécile Cieuta-Walti, Graeme J Sills, Pauls Auce, Ben Francis, Michael R Johnson, Anthony G Marson, Bianca Berghuis, Josemir W Sander, Andreja Avbersek, Mark McCormack, Gianpiero L Cavalleri, Norman Delanty, Chantal Depondt, Martin Krenn, Fritz Zimprich, Sarah Peter, Marina Nikanorova, Robert Kraaij, Jeroen van Rooij, Rudi Balling, M Arfan Ikram, André G Uitterlinden, Giuliano Avanzini, Stephanie Schorge, Steven Petrou, Massimo Mantegazza, Thomas Sander, Eric LeGuern, Jose M Serratosa, Bobby P C Koeleman, Aarno Palotie, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Michael Nothnagel, Peter Nürnberg, Snezana Maljevic, Federico Zara, Patrick Cossette, Roland Krause, Holger Lerche, Edoardo Ferlazzo, Carlo di Bonaventura, Angela La Neve, Paolo Tinuper, Francesca Bisulli, Aglaia Vignoli, Giuseppe Capovilla, Giovanni Crichiutti, Antonio Gambardella, Vincenzo Belcastro, Amedeo Bianchi, Destina Yalçın, Gulsen Dizdarer, Kezban Arslan, Zuhal Yapıcı, Demet Kuşcu, Costin Leu, Kristin Heggeli, Joseph Willis, Sarah R Langley, Andrea Jorgensen, Prashant Srivastava, Sarah Rau, Christian Hengsbach, Anja C.M. Sonsma, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia Antipolis, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Stem Cells [University of Montreal], University of Montreal-Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et en Cancérologie [UdeM-Montréal] (IRIC), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université de Montréal (UdeM), University of Tübingen, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Universita degli studi di Genova, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), A.Meyer Children's Hospital, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research (MPIPZ), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Cologne, The Genome Analysis Centre (TGAC), Cologne Center for Genomics, Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénierie des protéines (IP), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Neurophysiopathology, Besta Neurological Institute, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Medical Genetics Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Universitätsklinikum Bonn (UKB), Antwerp University Hospital [Edegem] (UZA), University of Antwerp (UA), Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College of London [London] (UCL), Département de Neuropédiatrie, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Instituco Neurologico C. Besta, Instituto Neurologico C. Besta, Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù [Roma], Département de mathématiques [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Faculté des sciences [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), University of Liverpool, Institute of Neurology [London], Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Neurology Division, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Hôpital Erasme [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté de Médecine [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Department of Epilepsy Clinic and Experimental Neurophysiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics [Helsinki], Haartman Institute [Helsinki], Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research [Tubingen], Regional Epilepsy Center, Reggio Calabria, Agronomes et Vétérinaires Sans Frontières (AVSF), AVSF, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre [London], Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust-King‘s College London, Wellcome Trust, Commission of the European Communities, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding, Internal Medicine, Epidemiology, Luxembourg Centre For Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Heart Center Leipzig, University Medical Center of Schleswig–Holstein = Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Acibadem University Dspace, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Aarno Palotie / Principal Investigator, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Medicum, Research Programme for Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Genomics of Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Epicure Consortium, EuroEPINOMICS COGIE Consortium, EpiPGX Consortium, May, Gabriella, Girard, S., Harrer, M., Bobbili, D. R., Schubert, J., Wolking, S., Becker, F., Lachance-Touchette, P., Meloche, C., Gravel, M., Niturad, C. E., Knaus, J., De Kovel, C., Toliat, M., Polvi, A., Iacomino, M., Guerrero-López, R., Baulac, S., Marini, C., Thiele, H., Altmüller, J., Jabbari, K., Ruppert, A. -K., Jurkowski, W., Lal, D., Rusconi, R., Cestèle, S., Terragni, B., Coombs, I. D., Reid, C. A., Striano, P., Caglayan, H., Siren, A., Everett, K., Møller, R. S., Hjalgrim, H., Muhle, H., Helbig, I., Kunz, W. S., Weber, Y. G., Weckhuysen, S., Jonghe, P. D., Sisodiya, S. M., Nabbout, R., Franceschetti, S., Coppola, A., Vari, M. S., Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité, D., Baykan, B., Ozbek, U., Bebek, N., Klein, K. M., Rosenow, F., Nguyen, D. K., Dubeau, F., Carmant, L., Lortie, A., Desbiens, R., Clément, J. -F., Cieuta-Walti, C., Sills, G. J., Auce, P., Francis, B., Johnson, M. R., Marson, A. G., Berghuis, B., Sander, J. W., Avbersek, A., Mccormack, M., Cavalleri, G. L., Delanty, N., Depondt, C., Krenn, M., Zimprich, F., Peter, S., Nikanorova, M., Kraaij, R., van Rooij, J., Balling, R., Ikram, M. A., Uitterlinden, A. G., Avanzini, Giulio, Schorge, S., Petrou, S., Mantegazza, M., Sander, T., Leguern, E., Serratosa, J. M., Koeleman, B. P. C., Palotie, A., Lehesjoki, A. -E., Nothnagel, M., Nürnberg, P., Maljevic, S., Zara, F., Cossette, P., Krause, R., Lerche, H., De Jonghe, P., Arfan Ikram, M., Ferlazzo, E., di Bonaventura, C., La Neve, A., Tinuper, P., Bisulli, F., Vignoli, Massimo, Capovilla, G., Crichiutti, G., Gambardella, A., Belcastro, V., Bianchi, A., Yalçın, D., Dizdarer, G., Arslan, K., Yapıcı, Z., Kuşcu, D., Leu, C., Heggeli, K., Willis, J., Langley, S. R., Jorgensen, A., Srivastava, P., Rau, S., Hengsbach, C., Sonsma, A. C. M., University of Montreal-Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Mathématiques, Université de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke], Hôpital Erasme (Bruxelles), May, Patrick, Girard, Simon, Harrer, Merle, Bobbili, Dheeraj R, Schubert, Julian, Wolking, Stefan, Becker, Felicita, Lachance-Touchette, Pamela, Meloche, Caroline, Gravel, Micheline, Niturad, Cristina E, Knaus, Julia, De Kovel, Carolien, Toliat, Mohamad, Polvi, Anne, Iacomino, Michele, Guerrero-López, Rosa, Baulac, Stéphanie, Marini, Carla, Thiele, Holger, Altmüller, Janine, Jabbari, Kamel, Ruppert, Ann-Kathrin, Jurkowski, Wiktor, Lal, Denni, Rusconi, Raffaella, Cestèle, Sandrine, Terragni, Benedetta, Coombs, Ian D, Reid, Christopher A, Striano, Pasquale, Caglayan, Hande, Siren, Auli, Everett, Kate, Møller, Rikke S, Hjalgrim, Helle, Muhle, Hiltrud, Helbig, Ingo, Kunz, Wolfram S, Weber, Yvonne G, Weckhuysen, Sarah, Jonghe, Peter De, Sisodiya, Sanjay M, Nabbout, Rima, Franceschetti, Silvana, Coppola, Antonietta, Vari, Maria S, Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité, Dorothée, Baykan, Betul, Ozbek, Ugur, Bebek, Nerse, Klein, Karl M, Rosenow, Felix, Nguyen, Dang K, Dubeau, Françoi, Carmant, Lionel, Lortie, Anne, Desbiens, Richard, Clément, Jean-Françoi, Cieuta-Walti, Cécile, Sills, Graeme J, Auce, Paul, Francis, Ben, Johnson, Michael R, Marson, Anthony G, Berghuis, Bianca, Sander, Josemir W, Avbersek, Andreja, McCormack, Mark, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Krenn, Martin, Zimprich, Fritz, Peter, Sarah, Nikanorova, Marina, Kraaij, Robert, van Rooij, Jeroen, Balling, Rudi, Ikram, M Arfan, Uitterlinden, André G, Avanzini, Giuliano, Schorge, Stephanie, Petrou, Steven, Mantegazza, Massimo, Sander, Thoma, LeGuern, Eric, Serratosa, Jose M, Koeleman, Bobby P C, Palotie, Aarno, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Nothnagel, Michael, Nürnberg, Peter, Maljevic, Snezana, Zara, Federico, Cossette, Patrick, Krause, Roland, Lerche, Holger, De Jonghe, Peter, Ferlazzo, Edoardo, di Bonaventura, Carlo, La Neve, Angela, Tinuper, Paolo, Bisulli, Francesca, Vignoli, Aglaia, Capovilla, Giuseppe, Crichiutti, Giovanni, Gambardella, Antonio, Belcastro, Vincenzo, Bianchi, Amedeo, Yalçın, Destina, Dizdarer, Gulsen, Arslan, Kezban, Yapıcı, Zuhal, Kuşcu, Demet, Leu, Costin, Heggeli, Kristin, Willis, Joseph, Langley, Sarah R, Jorgensen, Andrea, Srivastava, Prashant, Rau, Sarah, Hengsbach, Christian, and Sonsma, Anja C.M.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, GAMMA-2-SUBUNIT, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], GABRA5, Clinical Neurology, 15Q13.3 MICRODELETIONS, ABSENCE EPILEPSY, SEQUENCE DATA, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, 3124 Neurology and psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Genetic variation, medicine, EPILEPTIC ENCEPHALOPATHIES, Exome, Exome sequencing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Genetic association, Genetics, RISK, Science & Technology, FEBRILE SEIZURES, Neurology & Neurosurgery, biology, 3112 Neurosciences, 1103 Clinical Sciences, MOUSE MODEL, medicine.disease, ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS, 030104 developmental biology, DE-NOVO MUTATIONS, Cohort, biology.protein, Neurology (clinical), Human medicine, Neurosciences & Neurology, 1109 Neurosciences, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cohort study
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Genetic generalised epilepsy is the most common type of inherited epilepsy. Despite a high concordance rate of 80% in monozygotic twins, the genetic background is still poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the burden of rare genetic variants in genetic generalised epilepsy.METHODS: For this exome-based case-control study, we used three different genetic generalised epilepsy case cohorts and three independent control cohorts, all of European descent. Cases included in the study were clinically evaluated for genetic generalised epilepsy. Whole-exome sequencing was done for the discovery case cohort, a validation case cohort, and two independent control cohorts. The replication case cohort underwent targeted next-generation sequencing of the 19 known genes encoding subunits of GABAA receptors and was compared to the respective GABAA receptor variants of a third independent control cohort. Functional investigations were done with automated two-microelectrode voltage clamping in Xenopus laevis oocytes.FINDINGS: Statistical comparison of 152 familial index cases with genetic generalised epilepsy in the discovery cohort to 549 ethnically matched controls suggested an enrichment of rare missense (Nonsyn) variants in the ensemble of 19 genes encoding GABAA receptors in cases (odds ratio [OR] 2·40 [95% CI 1·41-4·10]; pNonsyn=0·0014, adjusted pNonsyn=0·019). Enrichment for these genes was validated in a whole-exome sequencing cohort of 357 sporadic and familial genetic generalised epilepsy cases and 1485 independent controls (OR 1·46 [95% CI 1·05-2·03]; pNonsyn=0·0081, adjusted pNonsyn=0·016). Comparison of genes encoding GABAA receptors in the independent replication cohort of 583 familial and sporadic genetic generalised epilepsy index cases, based on candidate-gene panel sequencing, with a third independent control cohort of 635 controls confirmed the overall enrichment of rare missense variants for 15 GABAA receptor genes in cases compared with controls (OR 1·46 [95% CI 1·02-2·08]; pNonsyn=0·013, adjusted pNonsyn=0·027). Functional studies for two selected genes (GABRB2 and GABRA5) showed significant loss-of-function effects with reduced current amplitudes in four of seven tested variants compared with wild-type receptors.INTERPRETATION: Functionally relevant variants in genes encoding GABAA receptor subunits constitute a significant risk factor for genetic generalised epilepsy. Examination of the role of specific gene groups and pathways can disentangle the complex genetic architecture of genetic generalised epilepsy.FUNDING: EuroEPINOMICS (European Science Foundation through national funding organisations), Epicure and EpiPGX (Sixth Framework Programme and Seventh Framework Programme of the European Commission), Research Unit FOR2715 (German Research Foundation and Luxembourg National Research Fund).

Published
2018

43. A recurrent de novo mutation in KCNC1 causes progressive myoclonus epilepsy

Author

Steven Petrou, Aarno Palotie, Danielle M. Andrade, Marta A. Bayly, Laura Licchetta, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Rikke S. Møller, Frederick Andermann, Laura Canafoglia, Arielle Crespel, Silvana Franceschetti, Veronica Saletti, Michael Duchowny, Michael S. Hildebrand, Ebba Lohmann, Antonio Gambardella, Eva Andermann, Chiara Criscuolo, Salla Markkinen, Bernt A. Engelsen, Cigdem Ozkara, Meral Topçu, Adeel Ahmad, Edoardo Ferlazzo, Holger Lerche, João Massano, Edith Said, Mary D. King, Paolo Tinuper, Alessandro Filla, Mikko Muona, Samuel F. Berkovic, Betül Baykan, Alberto J. Espay, Karen Oliver, Matthias Lindenau, Michael Privitera, Zaid Afawi, Tarja Joensuu, Leanne M. Dibbens, Bruria Ben-Zeev, Snezana Maljevic, Patrizia Riguzzi, Kaitlin E. Samocha, Birgit Kauffmann, Mark J. Daly, Roberto Michelucci, Rachel Straussberg, Sarah E. Heron, Anna-Elina Lehesjoki, Jamil Ahmad, Muona, Mikko, Berkovic, Samuel F, Dibbens, Leanne M, Oliver, Karen L, Bayly, Marta A, Heron, Sarah E, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Muona, M., Berkovic, S.F., Dibbens, L.M., Oliver, K.L., Maljevic, S., Bayly, M.A., Joensuu, T., Canafoglia, L., Franceschetti, S., Michelucci, R., Markkinen, S., Heron, S.E., Hildebrand, M.S., Andermann, E., Andermann, F., Gambardella, A., Tinuper, P., Licchetta, L., Scheffer, I.E., Criscuolo, C., Filla, A., Ferlazzo, E., Ahmad, J., Ahmad, A., Baykan, B., Said, E., Topcu, M., Riguzzi, P., King, M.D., Ozkara, C., Andrade, D.M., Engelsen, B.A., Crespel, A., Lindenau, M., Lohmann, E., Saletti, V., Massano, J., Privitera, M., Espay, A.J., Kauffmann, B., Duchowny, M., Moller, R.S., Straussberg, R., Afawi, Z., Ben-Zeev, B., Samocha, K.E., Daly, M.J., Petrou, S., Lerche, H., Palotie, A., Lehesjoki, A.-E., Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları, Maljevic, Snezana, Joensuu, Tarja, Canafoglia, Laura, Franceschetti, Silvana, Michelucci, Roberto, Markkinen, Salla, Hildebrand, Michael S, Andermann, Eva, Andermann, Frederick, Gambardella, Antonio, Tinuper, Paolo, Licchetta, Laura, Scheffer, Ingrid E, Criscuolo, Chiara, Filla, Alessandro, Ferlazzo, Edoardo, Ahmad, Jamil, Ahmad, Adeel, Baykan, Betul, Said, Edith, Topcu, Meral, Riguzzi, Patrizia, King, Mary D, Ozkara, Cigdem, Andrade, Danielle M, Engelsen, Bernt A, Crespel, Arielle, Lindenau, Matthia, Lohmann, Ebba, Saletti, Veronica, Massano, João, Privitera, Michael, Espay, Alberto J, Kauffmann, Birgit, Duchowny, Michael, Møller, Rikke S, Straussberg, Rachel, Afawi, Zaid, Ben Zeev, Bruria, Samocha, Kaitlin E, Daly, Mark J, Petrou, Steven, Lerche, Holger, Palotie, Aarno, and Lehesjoki, Anna Elina

Subjects
Male, Protein Conformation, PRNP protein, human, SACS protein, human, medicine.disease_cause, genetics [Carrier Proteins], Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, genetics [Heat-Shock Proteins], Missense mutation, Exome, Conserved Sequence, Heat-Shock Proteins, Genes, Dominant, Genetics & Heredity, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, GTPase-Activating Proteins, Heat-Shock Protein, genetics [Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive], KCNC1 protein, human, 3. Good health, Pedigree, Shaw Potassium Channels, Prion, Female, medicine.symptom, Human, Ataxia, Prions, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Missense, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Progressive myoclonus epilepsy, Biology, Article, Prion Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, Species Specificity, physiology [Shaw Potassium Channels], ddc:570, medicine, Animals, Humans, Point Mutation, Shaw Potassium Channel, Amino Acid Sequence, 030304 developmental biology, genetics [Shaw Potassium Channels], Base Sequence, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Animal, genetics [Prions], Point mutation, Membrane Proteins, medicine.disease, Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive, Molecular biology, SHAKER K+ CHANNEL DNA-SEQUENCING DATA ATAXIA TYPE 13 POTASSIUM CHANNEL S4 SEGMENT CYSTATIN-B DISEASE FREQUENCY FRAMEWORK ONSET, Amino Acid Substitution, KCNC1, epilepsy, TBC1D24 protein, human, mutation, Carrier Protein, Carrier Proteins, Myoclonus, Sequence Alignment, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Progressive myoclonus epilepsies (PMEs) are a group of rare, inherited disorders manifesting with action myoclonus, tonic-clonic seizures and ataxia. We sequenced the exomes of 84 unrelated individuals with PME of unknown cause and molecularly solved 26 cases (31 %). Remarkably, a recurrent de novo mutation, c. 959G>A (p.Arg320His), in KCNC1 was identified as a new major cause for PME. Eleven unrelated exome-sequenced (13%) and two affected individuals in a secondary cohort (7%) had this mutation. KCNC1 encodes KV3.1, a subunit of the KV3 voltage-gated potassium ion channels, which are major determinants of high-frequency neuronal firing. Functional analysis of the Arg320His mutant channel showed a dominant-negative loss-of-function effect. Ten cases had pathogenic mutations in known PME-associated genes (NEU1, NHLRC1, AFG3L2, EPM2A, CLN6 and SERPINI1). Identification of mutations in PRNP, SACS and TBC1D24 expand their phenotypic spectra to PME. These findings provide insights into the molecular genetic basis of PME and show the role of de novo mutations in this disease entity. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Published
2015

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