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This article presents a description and analysis of the practices and representations around the ethno-educational processes of Wayuu students in basic, middle and higher education centres in La Guajira and Santander (Colombia). Based on our ethnographic experience in the field, we reflect on the role that the ethno-educational policies of the Colombian state play in shaping the dispositions toward schooling of young Wayuu students, their job expectations, as well as the ruptures and continuities with the cultural practices within their families and Wayuu communities of origin. In our analysis we explore three different areas of experience (Wayuu culture, education and employment), which we interpret from the perspective of the different agents involved: students, teachers, families and Wayuu communities. Based on our results, we can conclude that, in the context of these ethno-educational policies, continued schooling in these centres decisively transforms students' worldviews, their self-understanding schemes and their relationship with their community. Specifically, we think that profound collective and personal changes are taking place in the young Wayuu generations, mainly in terms of the subjectivation of class, race and gender relations, family structures and the conformation of their academic and work expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Las experiencias liminales tienen lugar durante situaciones significativas de transición, paso o disrupción donde, lo que hasta entonces era dado por sentado, queda en suspensión. En este trabajo, hemos re analizado y re articulado la experiencia de diecinueve varones durante su adolescencia (Uribe, 2018), centrándonos en las expresiones y marcadores socio-psico-orgánico-físicos que hacen referencia a los fenómenos de la adolescencia y la masculinidad como experiencias liminales. Del análisis concluimos que la masculinidad es vivida como una experiencia liminal que se inicia, influye y disemina sus mandatos patriarcales en la etapa adolescente, subvierte el proceso de transición de la niñez a la adultez, y hace emerger un proceso liminal permanente que trasciende el paso no sólo de niño a adulto, sino de niño a hombre, hacia una experiencia eternizada en la cual se es hombre y no hombre al mismo tiempo, debiendo poner a prueba su virilidad de manera constante.

Liminal experiences take place during significant transition, passage and disruption situations in which what was previously taken for granted enters into a stage of suspension. In this work, we have reanalysed and rearticulated the experience of nineteen men during their adolescence stage (Uribe, 2018). We focused on socio-psycho-organic-physical expressions and markers that allude to adolescence and masculinity phenomenon as liminal experiences. From the analysis, we concluded that masculinity is developed as a liminal experience, which initiates, influences and disseminates its patriarchal mandates in adolescence stage, and subverts the transition process from childhood to adulthood. Further, masculinity makes possible the emergence of a permanent liminal process, which not only transcends the passage from being a child to be an adult, but also from being a boy to be a man. This opens an eternal experience in which you are simultaneously a man and a no-man, having to constantly test your virility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author reflects on violence against women. He discusses the analysis of women as an object of abuse. He opines that the identification of a universal category conferring the particular content of the patriarchal culture that permeates western society most likely to end up in abuse of women by their male partner.