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In the American population, the relationship between the standardized serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and the risk of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is unclear. The purpose of our study was to investigate the relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentration and AAC risk. Participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2013 and 2014 were analyzed cross sectionally. An analysis of the relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentration and incident AAC and severe AAC (SAAC) was based on the restricted cubic spline (RCS) and multivariable logistic regression model. In addition, generalized additive models with smooth functions were used to evaluate the relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentration and the degree of AAC. Finally, a subgroup analysis was conducted. There were a total of 3,040 individuals in our study. The serum 25(OH)D concentration was divided into quartiles (Q1: 9.37–50.5 nmol/L; Q2: 50.6–67.2 nmol/L; Q3: 67.3–85.8 nmol/L; and Q4: 85.9–318.0 nmol/L); the lowest quartile served as the reference group (Q1). After adjusting for known confounding variables, compared with the lowest quartile (Q1) of serum 25(OH)D concentration, the odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for AAC and SAAC across the quartiles (Q2, Q3, and Q4) were (1.042 (0.812, 1.338), 0.863 (0.668, 1.115), and 1.022 (0.787, 1.327)) and (1.48 (0.87, 2.52), 1.70 (1.01, 2.92), and 2.13 (1.19, 3.86)), respectively. As shown by the RCS plot, the serum 25(OH)D concentration was associated with the risk of AAC/SAAC in a U-shaped pattern ( P for nonlinearity

Association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on admission and poor prognosis in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) has been well established. However, the relationship between dynamic changes in NLR and in-hospital mortality in AHF patients has not been studied. Our purpose was to determine if an early change in NLR within the first week after AHF patients was admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) was associated with in-hospital mortality. Data from the medical information mart for intensive care IV (the MIMIC-IV) database was analyzed. The effect of baseline NLR on in-hospital mortality in critical patients with AHF was evaluated utilizing smooth curve fitting and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Moreover, comparison of the dynamic change in NLR among survivors and non-survivors was performed using the generalized additive mixed model (GAMM). There were 1169 participants who took part in the present study, 986 of whom were in-hospital survivors and 183 of whom were in-hospital non-survivors. The smooth curve fitting revealed a positive relationship between baseline NLR and in-hospital mortality, and multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that baseline NLR was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02,1.07, P-value = 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, GAMM showed that the difference in NLR between survivors and non-survivors grew gradually during the first week after ICU admission, and the difference grew by an average of 0.51 per day (β = 0.51, 95% CI 0.45–0.56, P-value

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious virus that causes severe vesicular disease of cloven-hoofed animals. Various endocytosis mechanisms are involved in the entry of FMDV after binding to the integrin and heparan sulfate (HS) receptors. However, the mechanism of FMDV using other unknown receptors to enter the cells remains unclear. Here, we reported that the endocytosis and endosomal pathways are employed by FMDV to invade the Chinese hamster ovary cell line (CHO-677) without the integrin and HS receptors. We demonstrated that the internalization of FMDV into CHO-677 cells was abrogated by chlorpromazine, an inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Knockdown of the clathrin heavy chain decreased the viral protein abundance. Incubation of the CHO-677 cells with the inhibitors of caveolae-mediated endocytosis or transfection by caveolin-1 siRNA also limited FMDV replication. In addition, we determined that the acidic environment and the existence of dynamin were essential for FMDV infection in CHO-677 cells. The endosomal proteins Rab5 (early endosome) and Rab7 (late endosome), but not Rab11 (recycling endosome), were utilized by FMDV during infection. These data provide a new entry model of FMDV by unknown receptors which will help to better understand the pathogenesis mediated by FMDV.

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with high heterogeneity is one of the most frequent malignant tumors throughout the world. However, there is no research to establish a ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (FRlncRNAs) signature for the patients with HCC. Therefore, this study was designed to establish a novel FRlncRNAs signature to predict the survival of patients with HCC. Method The expression profiles of lncRNAs were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. FRlncRNAs co-expressed with ferroptosis-related genes were utilized to establish a signature. Cox regression was used to construct a novel three FRlncRNAs signature in the TCGA cohort, which was verified in the GEO validation cohort. Results Three differently expressed FRlncRNAs significantly associated with prognosis of HCC were identified, which composed a novel FRlncRNAs signature. According to the FRlncRNAs signature, the patients with HCC could be divided into low- and high-risk groups. Patients with HCC in the high-risk group displayed shorter overall survival (OS) contrasted with those in the low-risk group (P P = 0.045 in GEO cohort). This signature could serve as a significantly independent predictor in Cox regression (multivariate HR > 1, P 1, P Conclusion The three FRlncRNAs might be potential therapeutic targets for patients, and their signature could be utilized for prognostic prediction in HCC.

This report shows evidence for nosocomial transmission of H7N9 influenza from a patient to two physicians who provided care.

Regioselective ribosylation conditions were established which gave both 6,7-dichloro-1-(2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl)imidazo[4,5-b]quinolin-2-one (4) and 6,7-dichloro-3-(2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl)imidazo [4,5-b]quinolin-2-one (5), respectively, in high yield from 6,7-dichloroimidazo[4,5-b]quinolin-2-one (6). The distributions of the sites of ribosylation under a variety of conditions are discussed.

The polyhalogenated benzimidazole nucleosides 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(β-d-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole (TCRB) and the 2-bromo analogue (BDCRB) were synthesized in our laboratory and established as potent and selective antiviral agents against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) with a novel mode of action. In an effort to study the behavior of the key substructure of these analogues in a dimensionally stretched-out manner and probe the spatial limitation of the target enzyme(s), a series of N1- and N3-ribonucleosides of imidazo[4,5-b]quinolines were designed as linear dimensional analogues. The nucleosides 6,7-dichloro-1-(β-d-ribofuranosyl)imidazo[4,5-b]quinolin-2-one and 6,7-dichloro-3-(β-d-ribofuranosyl)imidazo[4,5-b]quinolin-2-one were selected and prepared as the key intermediates in this study. During this study, a novel photoassisted annulation was developed for the synthesis of 6,7-dichloroimidazo[4,5-b]quinolin-2-one, which overcame several problems that were encountered with the literature annulation method. ...