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BackgroundJuvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) is a rare disorder characterized by the presence of multiple juvenile polyps in the gastrointestinal tract, and germline mutations in SMAD4 or BMPR1A. Due to its rarity and complex clinical manifestation, misdiagnosis often occurs in clinical practice.Case presentationA 42-year-old man with multiple pedunculated colorectal polyps and concomitant rectal adenocarcinoma was admitted to our hospital. His mother had died of colon cancer. He was diagnosed with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and underwent total proctocolectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis. Two polyps were selected for pathological examination. One polyp had cystically dilated glands with slight dysplasia. The other polyp displayed severe dysplasia and was diagnosed as adenoma. Three years later, his 21-year-old son underwent a colonoscopy that revealed more than 50 pedunculated colorectal juvenile polyps. Both patients harbored a germline pathogenic mutation inBMPR1A. Endoscopic resection of all polyps was attempted but failed. Finally, the son received endoscopic resection of polyps in the rectum and sigmoid colon, and laparoscopic subtotal colectomy. Ten polyps were selected for pathological examination. All were revealed to be typical juvenile polyps, with cystically dilated glands filled with mucus. Thus, the diagnosis of JPS was confirmed in the son. A review of the literatures revealed that patients with JPS can sometimes have adenomatous change. Most polyps in patients with JPS are benign hamartomatous polyps with no dysplasia. A review of 767 colorectal JPS polyps demonstrated that 8.5% of the polyps contained mild to moderate dysplasia, and only 0.3% had severe dysplasia or cancer. It is difficult to differentiate juvenile polyps with dysplasia from adenoma, which could explain why juvenile polyps have been reported to have adenomatous changes in patients with JPS. Therefore, patients with JPS, especially those with concomitant dysplasia and adenocarcinoma, might be easily diagnosed as FAP in clinical practice.ConclusionsJuvenile polyp with dysplasia is often diagnosed as adenoma, which might lead to the misdiagnosis of JPS as FAP. The differential diagnosis of JPS versus FAP, should be based on comprehensive evaluation of clinical presentation, endoscopic appearance and genetic investigations; not on the presence or absence of adenoma.

A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-sporulating, yellow-pigmented and rod or cocci-shaped bacterium, designated Arc0846-15T, was isolated from the kelp Laminaria japonica. Strain Arc0846-15T was found to grow at 16–35 °C (optimum, 28 °C), at pH 6.0–9.5 (optimum, 7.0) and in the presence of 0–6 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2 %). Cells were positive for catalase and negative for oxidase activity. Phylogenetic analyses, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, revealed that the nearest phylogenetic neighbour strains of strain Arc0846-15T were Ornithinimicrobium murale 01 Gi-040T (96.2 %), Ornithinimicrobium kibberense K22-20T (96.1 %) and Ornithinimicrobium humiphilum HKI 0124T (95.2 %). Based on phylogenomic analysis, the average nucleotide identity values between strain Arc0846-15T and the neighbour strains were 69.8, 69.7 and 69.8 %, respectively; the digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain Arc0846-15T and its three closest neighbour strains were 18.8, 19.1 and 19.3 %, respectively. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8 (H4). The dominant cellular fatty acids were C17 : 1 ω8c, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and C17 : 0. The polar lipids contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, one unidentified aminolipid and four unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain Arc0846-15T was 61.6 mol% based on the whole genome sequence. Based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics, strain Arc0846-15T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Ornithinimicrobium , for which the name Ornithinimicrobium laminariae sp. nov. is proposed, with Arc0846-15T (=KCTC 49655T=MCCC 1K06093T) as the type strain.

A Gram-stain-negative, motile, facultative anaerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain NR704-98T, was isolated from marine sediment of the northern South China Sea. Cells were positive for oxidase and catalase activity. Growth was observed at 4–30 °C (optimum 20–25 °C), at pH 6–9 (pH 7) and with 0.5–7 % NaCl (2 %). The 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that the nearest phylogenetic neighbours of strain NR704-98T were Shewanella woodyi MS32T (97.9 %), Shewanella hanedai 281T (97.1 %), Shewanella sediminis HAW-EB3T (96.8 %) and Shewanella canadensis HAW-EB2T (96.7 %). Based on the results of phylogenomic analysis, the average nucleotide identity and the digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain NR704-98T and the previously mentioned type strains of species of the genus Shewanella were in the range of 74.9–93.1 % and 20.6–51.4 %, respectively. The respiratory quinones were Q-7 and Q-8. The predominant fatty acids (>10 %) of strain NR704-98T were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c) and iso-C15 : 0. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified aminophospholipids and five unidentified lipids were detected in strain NR704-98T. Based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics, strain NR704-98T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Shewanella , for which the name Shewanella nanhaiensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NR704-98T (=KCTC 82799T=MCCC 1K06091T).

Objective To report Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS) cases with non-definitive clues in the family or personal history and finally diagnosed through pathological examination and STK11 gene mutation test. Clinical presentation and intervention PJS was suspected in 3 families with tortuous medical courses. Two of them had relatives departed due to polyposis or colon cancer without pathological results, and the other one had been diagnosed as hyperplastic polyposis before. Diagnosis of PJS was confirmed by endoscopy and repeated pathological examinations, and the STK11 mutation test finally confirmed the diagnosis at genetic level, during which 3 novel mutation were detected (536C > A, 373_374insA, 454_455insGGAGAAGCGTTTCCCAGTGTGCC). Conclusion Early diagnosis of PJS is important and may be based on a family history with selective features among family members, and the pathological information is the key. The novel mutations also expand the STK11 variant spectrum.

Background:. Acute ankle fractures can lead to high rate of concomitant intra-articular lesions which may compromise clinical results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of concomitant intra-articular lesions in acute ankle fractures with arthroscopy. We also sought to analyze the relationship between intra-articular lesions and the fracture type, as well as the severity of the fracture. Methods:. It was a retrospective cohort study. From April 2014 to December 2015, we have chosen arthroscopy-assisted open reduction and internal fixation (AORIF) for the treatment of unstable acute ankle fractures. All concomitant intra-articular lesions were assessed and documented carefully and prospectively, such as ligament injuries, osteochondral lesions, and tibiofibular syndesmosis injuries. All fractures were classified according to the Lauge-Hansen classification system. The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society's (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scale was used to assess post-operative function. Statistical comparisons between the intra-articular lesions, the fracture type, and the severity of the presenting fracture were performed using a Chi-squared analysis. Results:. Data of 36 patients were analyzed in the study, including 23 supination-type fractures and 13 pronation-type fractures. The incidence of tibiofibular syndesmosis injuries, chondral lesions, and loose bodies were 92%, 72%, and 39%, respectively. Avulsion fractures of the anterior tibiofibular syndesmosis were more commonly found in supination-type fractures than pronation-type fracture (45% vs. 15%, χ2 = 5.78, P = 0.02), which would cause mechanical blocking in the anterior portion of the ankle. On the contrary, chondral lesions were more commonly found in the more severe fractures than mild fractures (86% vs. 53%, χ2 = 4.57, P = 0.03). A mean 41.7 months (range, 33.0–51.0 months) of follow-up was achieved. A mean AOFAS's ankle-hindfoot scale was 96.9, and 97.2% of the patients were satisfied with the procedure. Conclusions:. Acute ankle fractures have a high incidence of concomitant intra-articular lesions. Avulsion fractures of the anterior tibiofibular syndesmosis are more commonly found in supination-type fractures. Chondral lesions are related to the severity of the fractures, but not with the classification of the fractures. AORIF can be one reliable solution in dealing with the associated injuries seen with acute ankle fractures.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide and still lack of effective therapy so far. Petasin, a natural product found in plants of the genus Petasites, has been reported to possess anticancer activity. The present study aimed to investigate the anticolon cancer activity of petasin both in vitro and in vivo. The molecular mechanism of petasin was also further explored. Methods: Caco-2, LoVo, SW-620, and HT-29 cell lines were used to detect the inhibitory effect of petasin on colon cancer proliferation. Cell viability was determined using the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Hoechst 33258 staining was used to visualize morphological changes. Cell migration was assessed using a wound-healing migration assay, and cell invasion was investigated using Transwell chambers. Western blotting assays were employed to evaluate the expression levels of proteins in the protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (Akt/mTOR) signaling pathway. Finally, in vivo activity of petasin was evaluated using the SW-620 subcutaneous tumor model established in Balb/c nude mice. Twelve rats were randomly divided into control group and 10 mg/kg petasin group. The tumor volume was calculated every 7 days for 28 days. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was performed to assess the apoptotic effect of petasin. Differences between two groups were assessed by analysis of independent-sample t tests. Results: Petasin significantly inhibited the proliferation of human colon carcinoma cell lines, induced apoptosis, and suppressed migration and invasion in SW-620 cells. Western blotting results showed that petasin decreased the phosphorylation of Akt (1.01 ± 0.16 vs. 0.74 ± 0.06, P = 0.042), mTOR (0.71 ± 0.12 vs. 0.32 ± 0.11, P = 0.013), and P70S6K (1.23 ± 0.21 vs. 0.85 ± 0.14, P = 0.008), elevated the expression of caspase-3 (0.41 ± 0.09 vs. 0.74 ± 0.12, P = 0.018) and caspase-9 (1.10 ± 0.27 vs. 1.98 ± 0.22, P = 0.009), decreased the Bcl-2 protein (2.75 ± 0.47 vs. 1.51 ± 0.36, P = 0.008), downregulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 (1.51 ± 0.31 vs. 0.82 ± 0.11, P = 0.021) and MMP-9 (1.56 ± 0.32 vs. 0.94 ± 0.15, P = 0.039) in SW-620 cell. In vivo, 10 mg/kg petasin inhibited tumor growth in Balb/c nude mice (924.18 ± 101.23 vs. 577.67 ± 75.12 mm3 at day 28, P = 0.001) and induced apoptosis (3.6 ± 0.7% vs. 36.0 ± 4.9%, P = 0.001) in tumor tissues. Conclusions: Petasin inhibits the proliferation of colon cancer SW-620 cells via inactivating the Akt/mTOR pathway. Our findings suggest petasin as a potential candidate for colon cancer therapy. Key words: Petasin; Colon cancer; Apoptosis; Migration; Invasion; Akt/mTOR pathway

Gene rearrangements have been found in several mitochondrial genomes of Mantodea, located in the gene blocks CR-I-Q-M-ND2, COX1-K-D-ATP8 and ND3-A-R-N-S-E-F-ND5. We have sequenced one mitogenome of Amelidae (Yersinia mexicana) and six mitogenomes of Mantidae to discuss the mitochondrial gene rearrangement and the phylogenetic relationship within Mantidae. These mitogenomes showed rearrangements of tRNA genes except for Asiadodis yunnanensis and Hierodula zhangi. These novel gene rearrangements of Mantidae were primarily concentrated in the region of CR-I-Q-M-ND2, including gene translocation, duplication and pseudogenization. For the occurrences of these rearrangements, the tandem duplication-random loss (TDRL) model and slipped-strand mispairing model were suitable to explain. Large non-coding regions (LNCRs) located in the region of CR-I-Q-M-ND2 were detected in most Mantidae species, whereas some LNCRs had high similarity to the control region (CR). Both BI and ML phylogenetic analyses supported the monophyly of Mantidae and the paraphyly of Mantinae. The phylogenetic results with the gene order and the location of NCRs acted as forceful evidence that specific gene rearrangements and special LNCRs may be synapomorphies for several groups of mantises.

Objective: Diabetic nephropathy is a serious threat to human health, and its incidence is on the rise. End-stage diabetic nephropathy (ESDN) requires extra investigation due to its complexity and severity, as well as serious concurrent diseases. Our objective was to compare the efficacy of hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) in the treatment of ESDN. Methods: Clinical data of 84 patients with ESDN admitted to our hospital from June 2016 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into an HD group that received hemodialysis and a PD group that received peritoneal dialysis. Their general conditions, biochemical indicators, residual renal function and incidence of complications were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results: (1) No significant difference in diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, body weight, or urine output was detected between the two groups at the beginning of dialysis (P>0.05). (2) Compared to the PD group, the HD group had significantly lower total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) (P

Inflammation plays a major role in the development of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP), a man-made version of a peptide that is elevated in heart failure, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in various tissues. However, its role in myocardial IR injury remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that treatment with rhBNP provided protection for mice against myocardial IR injury as manifested by reduced infarct size and well-preserved myocardial, attenuated inflammatory infiltration and CD4+ T cell proliferation function, and inhibited expression of proinflammatory related genes. Furthermore, mechanistic studies revealed that rhBNP inhibited Jurkat T proliferation by promoting PI3K/AKT/mTOR phosphorylation. Collectively, our data suggest that the administration of rhBNP during IR injury could expand our understanding of the cardioprotective effects of rhBNP.

As one of the most common benthic invertebrates in freshwater, mayflies are very sensitive to changes in water quality and have high requirements for the water environment to allow their nymphs to successfully live and grow. Neonicotinoids, such as imidacloprid, can enter fresh water and pollute the aquatic environment. The present study had two goals: (1) investigate imidacloprid effects on mayfly larvae Choroterpes (Euthralus) yixingensis, and (2) contribute to the phylogenetic status of Ephemeroptera that has always been controversial. Nymphs were collected from Jinhua, China and exposed to different concentrations imidacloprid (5, 10, 20, and 40 μg/L) in the laboratory. Survival of C. yixingensis nymphs decreased as a function of time and imidacloprid concentration with only ~ 55% survival after 72 h exposure to 40 μg/L imidacloprid. After culture under 40 μg/L imidacloprid for 24 h, the steady state transcript levels of mitochondrial COX3, ND4 and ND4L genes were reduced to just 0.07 ± 0.11, 0.30 ± 0.16, and 0.28 ± 0.13 as compared with respective control values (P 0.01). Steady state transcript levels of ND4 and ND4L were also significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner (P 0.05), suggesting that the steady state transcript pattern of these genes in mayfly nymphs can change in response to different levels of environmental contamination. Hence, the mitochondrial protein-coding genes of mayflies could potentially be developed as biomarkers for water ecotoxicity monitoring in the future. In addition, we used the mitochondrial genome sequence of C. yixingensis for an assessment of the phylogenetic tree of Ephemeroptera. The monophyly of Leptophlebiidae was supported and showed that Leptophlebiidae was a sister group to the clade (Baetidae + Caenidae).

An extract from a traditional Chinese herb, Marsdeniae tenacissima (trade name, Xiao-Ai-Ping) has been approved for use on the Chinese market as a cancer chemotherapeutic agent for decades. Previous studies have demonstrated the cytostatic and pro-apoptotic effects of M. tenacissima extract (MTE) in multiple cancer cells. However, the contributions of MTE to the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatoma carcinoma cells and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, Bel-7402 cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of MTE ranging from 0–320 µl/ml to explore the effects and potential mechanisms of MTE on the proliferation and apoptosis of Bel-7402 cells. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfopheny)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt and propidium iodide (PI)-stained flow cytometry assays demonstrated that MTE significantly suppressed the proliferation of Bel-7402 cells in a dose-dependent manner by arresting the cell cycle at S phase (P

Cerambycidae is one of the most diversified groups within Coleoptera and includes nearly 35,000 known species. The relationships at the subfamily level within Cerambycidae have not been convincingly demonstrated and the gene rearrangement of mitochondrial genomes in Cerambycidae remains unclear due to the low numbers of sequenced mitogenomes. In the present study, we determined five complete mitogenomes of Cerambycidae and investigated the phylogenetic relationship among the subfamilies of Cerambycidae based on mitogenomes. The mitogenomic arrangement of all five species was identical to the ancestral Cerambycidae type without gene rearrangement. Remarkably, however, two large intergenic spacers were detected in the mitogenome ofPterolophiasp. ZJY-2019. The origins of these intergenic spacers could be explained by the slipped-strand mispairing and duplication/random loss models. A conserved motif was found betweentrnS2andnad1gene, which was proposed to be a binding site of a transcription termination peptide. Also, tandem repeat units were identified in the A + T-rich region of all five mitogenomes. The monophyly of Lamiinae and Prioninae was strongly supported by both MrBayes and RAxML analyses based on nucleotide datasets, whereas the Cerambycinae and Lepturinae were recovered as non-monophyletic.

BACKGROUND Studies have reported that microRNA-30c (miR-30c) has vital functions in the development and progression of multiple cancers. AIM To investigate the clinical significance and role of miR-30c in pancreatic cancer. METHODS MiR-30c and twinfilin 1 (TWF1) expression levels were analyzed in Gene Expression Omnibus datasets and validated in human pancreatic cancer by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The effects of miR-30c on pancreatic cancer cell growth, apoptosis, and cell cycle were evaluated by CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays. Furthermore, the in vivo effects were investigated using a subcutaneous xenograft experiment. Target gene prediction software and luciferase reporter assays were used to identify TWF1 as a direct target of miR-30c. RESULTS The expression of miR-30c was significantly decreased in pancreatic cancer tissues and associated with survival. Gain- and loss-of-function assays showed that miR-30c suppressed pancreatic cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. RT-qPCR, Western blot, and luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-30c directly targeted TWF1. The expression level of miR-30c was negatively correlated with TWF1 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues. Furthermore, the effects of ectopic miR-30c were rescued by TWF1 overexpression. CONCLUSION Our results identified the role of the miR-30c/TWF1 axis in pancreatic cancer progression and demonstrated that miR-30c might serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.

Background Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a Mendelian disease, whose causative gene is STK11, mainly characterized by gastrointestinal polyposis and increased cancer risk. Clinical observation reveals intussusception in childhood are more frequent and severe than in adults, and it is difficult to prevent this knotty complication. Case presentation A boy without a positive family history grew oral MP after birth and developed abdominal pain and bloody stood at 7 years old. Endoscopy revealed multiple polyps within the colon and the ileum, and endoscopic polypectomy and regular surveillance protected him from severe complications and open surgeries. A heterozygous deletion in STK11, c.243delG, was detected in the proband but not in his parents. This mutation has not been documented in databases. Conclusions We suspect a child of PJS may need a more thorough endoscopic examination including enteroscopy or capsule endoscopy to take care of small bowel when PJS related symptoms comes up.

As a small order of Pterygota (Insecta), Ephemeroptera has almost 3,500 species around the world. Ephemerellidae is a widely distributed common group of Ephemeroptera. However, the relationship among Ephemerellidae, Vietnamellidae and Teloganellidae is still in dispute. In this study, we sequenced six complete mitogenomes of three genera from Ephemerellidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera):Ephemerellasp. Yunnan-2018,Serratella zapekinae,Serratellasp. Yunnan-2018,Serratellasp. Liaoning-2019,Torleya grandipennisandT. tumiforceps. These mitogenomes were employed to reveal controversial phylogenetic relationships among the Ephemeroptera, with emphasis on the phylogenetic relationships among Ephemerellidae. The lengths of the six mayfly mitogenomes ranged from 15,134 bp to 15,703 bp. Four mitogenomes ofEphemerellasp. Yunnan-2018,Serratella zapekinae,Serratellasp. Yunnan-2018 andSerratellasp. Liaoning-2019 had 22 tRNAs including an inversion and translocation oftrnI. By contrast, the mitogenomes ofT. tumiforcepsandT. grandipennishad 24 tRNAs due to an extra two copies of inversion and translocation oftrnI. Within the family Ephemerellidae, disparate gene rearrangement occurred in the mitogenomes of different genera: one copy of inversion and translocationtrnIin the generaEphemerellaandSerratella, and three repeat copies of inversion and translocation oftrnIin the genusTorleya. A large non-coding region (≥200 bp) betweentrnS1(AGN) andtrnEwas detected inT. grandipennisandT. tumiforceps. Among the phylogenetic relationship of the Ephemeroptera, the monophyly of almost all families except Siphlonuridae was supported by BI and ML analyses. The phylogenetic results indicated that Ephemerellidae was the sister clade to Vietnamellidae whereas Teloganellidae was not a sister clade of Ephemerellidae and Vietnamellidae.

Aiming at multi directions analysis problem of surface feature extraction from point cloud data, Curvelet transform is introduced to multi directions analysis of point cloud data. Based on the preprocessing of location and expansion, second-generation discrete Curvelet transform is used to analyze point cloud data. Curvelet transform coefficients are processed to enhance the contour of point cloud data. Nonlinear function is used to process Curvelet transform coefficients of coarse layer. Compromise for soft and hard thresholds is used to process Curvelet transform coefficients of detail layer. Piecewise nonlinear function is used to process Curvelet transform coefficients of fine layer. The data point is reconstructed from the enhanced Curvelet transform coefficient with Curvelet inverse transformation. Initial surface feature is achieved with edge detection. The precise surface feature is achieved with morphological dilation and erosion to filter edge without real shape significance. Example of part point cloud data of brake shell shows the proposed surface feature extraction method can accurately extract surface feature from data point.

Design knowledge acquisition, representation and application are key technologies in computer-aided innovation design. It is an important way to improve the innovation capability and core competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises. The present state of the art of theories and tools of computer-aided product innovation design was presented, some key technologies and problems of the computer-aided product innovation design based on knowledge were summarized and analyzed. It was proposed that the ontology-based knowledge modeling based on design process was the base of computer-aided innovation design, The efficient and precise ontology matching method is seeked to efficiently support updating design knowledge by synthetically considering the concept semantics and concept hierarchy structure, and the knowledge association and concept semantic retrieval and reasoning can be better realized by taking into full consideration of semantic relationships of between design knowledges.

The peach tree,Prunus persica(L.) Batsch, is widely cultivated in China, and its flowers have been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine to treat gut motility disorders. But few studies have explored the pharmacological effect ofPrunus persica(L.) Batsch flowers on gastrointestinal motility. In this study, the activities of different extracts fromPrunus persica(L.) Batsch flowers on the smooth muscle contractions were evaluated using isolated colon model, and the ethyl acetate extract (EAE) showed the strongest effects in vitro. EAE (10−8–10−5 g/mL) caused a concentration-dependent stimulatory effect in rat colonic tissue. Additionally, ketotifen (100 µM), cimetidine (10 µM), and pyrilamine (1 µM) produced a significant inhibition of contractions caused by EAE. Furthermore, immunofluorescence and toluidine blue staining revealed increased numbers of mast cells in the EAE group, and EAE increased histamine release from the colonic tissues. These data indicate that EAE has significant prokinetic activity and acts by a mechanism that mainly involves mast cell degranulation. Our study provides a pharmacological basis for the use of an extract ofPrunus persica(L.) Batsch flowers in the treatment of gut motility disorders.

With the development of industrialization and informationization, traditional manufacturing and service industries are constantly integrating. Represented by 3D Printing Cloud Platform, the rapid prototyping technology networked manufacturing service will provide a powerful boost for Rapid Product Development of the small and medium industrial clusters. As a commercial operation platform, profitability is the driving force behind the sustainable and healthy development of 3D Printing Cloud Platform. This article analyzes the services and specific profit ways provided by 3D Printing Cloud Platform, supporting the commercial operation of the platform with important data.

Rationale Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas, and its correct diagnosis is an area of interest for clinicians. In accordance with the revised Atlanta classification, acute pancreatitis can be diagnosed if at least 2 of the following 3 criteria are fulfilled: abdominal pain; serum lipase (or amylase) activity at least 3 times the upper limit of normal; or characteristic findings of acute pancreatitis on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) or, less often, magnetic resonance imaging or transabdominal ultrasonography. Diagnostic imaging is essential in patients with no or slight enzyme elevation. If enzymes are normal in cases with abdominal distension, there is clinical doubt about the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, so an early CT scan should be obtained and other life-threatening disorders excluded. Patient concerns A 50-year-old male presented with a 1-day history of abdominal bloating and distension. On physical examination, abdominal bulging and mild epigastric tenderness were detected. Laboratory evaluation showed normal amylase and lipase. There was no abnormality on abdominal ultrasound or CT of the abdomen and pelvis. On the fourth day of admission, CT of the abdomen and pelvis showed a hypodense lesion in the pancreas surrounded by a moderate amount of peripancreatic fluid. Diagnoses In accordance with the revised Atlanta classification, acute pancreatitis was diagnosed, based on the presence of abdominal pain, and the results of the CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis. Interventions The patient was treated with fasting, gastrointestinal decompression bowel rest, intravenous rehydration, and somatostatin. Outcomes After 2 days of treatment, his abdominal distension was significantly relieved, and the patient was discharged on the seventh day of admission. At the 3-month follow-up, the patient had no recurrence of pancreatitis. Lessons This case of abdominal distension could not be explained by common causes, such as ascites, bowel edema, hematoma, bowel distension, or ileus, which led us to suspect pancreatitis.

Background and Objectives miR-301a is significantly overexpressed in many cancers. However, its expression and biological role in gastric cancer remain poorly understood. We investigated microRNA-301a (miR-301a) expression in gastric cancer and determined its effects on cancer cell behavior and its clinical significance in the development and progression of gastric cancer. Methods We determined miR-301a expression in gastric tumors and gastric cancer cell lines by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The effects of miR-301a on cell clone formation, migration, and invasion of HGC-27 and SGC-7901 cells were detected following transfection of an miR-301a inhibitor. miR-301a expression in a 304-tissue gastric cancer microarray was determined by in situ hybridization and its role in progression and prognosis was analyzed. Results miR-301a was upregulated in gastric tumor tissues and cell lines. Down-regulation of miR-301a significantly inhibited cell clone formation, migration, and invasion of HGC-27and SGC-7901 cells. Overexpression of miR-301a in primary gastric cancer tissues was associated with tumor size, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. Conclusions miR-301a overexpression correlated with TNM stage and prognosis, suggesting that miR-301a is involved in cellular clone formation, migration, and invasion in vitro and may play an important role in the clinical progression and prognosis of gastric cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013; 108:197–202. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The 3D engineering surfaces are comprised of a range of spatial frequency components, such as form, waviness and roughness. Filtering techniques are commonly adopted to separate the different components. To overcoming the shortcomings of traditional filtering method, a new separation method is proposed with the correlation analysis of sub-bands in nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) domain. The 3D engineering surface topography is decomposed into different sub-bands by NSCT, and the correlation coefficients of NSCT sub-bands with its parent and children sub-bands are calculated by Pearson correlation method. Then the roughness, waviness and form of 3D real surface topography are restructured respectively by the inverse NSCT based on the NSCT sub-bands which belong to different components. Finally, a group of 3D engineering surfaces are separated into different components, and the result shown that the proposed method can separate 3D engineering surface effectively.

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) nanocrystals were prepared by the microwave-assisted ionic liquid method using an ionic liquid of 1-n-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BF4). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicated that the crystal structure was monoclinic. The morphology of ZrO2 nanocrystals was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transimission electron microscopy (TEM), which showed uniform ZrO2 nanoparticles without aggregation. Thermogravimetry (TG) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) curves confirmed the adsorption of organic compounds on the surface of ZrO2.

BACKGROUND There is little data comparing catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) via small saphenous veins vs. systematic thrombolysis on complications and efficacy in acute deep venous thrombosis patients. The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy and safety of CDT via the small saphenous veins with systematic thrombolysis for patients with acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT). MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-six patients with acute DVT admitted from June 2012 to December 2013 were divided into 2 groups: 27 patients received systemic thrombolysis (ST group) and 39 patients received CDT via the small saphenous veins (CDT group). The thrombolysis efficiency, limb circumference differences, and complications such as post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) in the 2 groups were recorded. RESULTS The angiograms demonstrated that all or part of the fresh thrombus was dissolved. There was a significant difference regarding thrombolysis efficiency between the CDT group and ST group (71.26% vs. 48.26%, P=0.001). In both groups the postoperative limb circumference changes were higher compared to the preoperative values. The differences between postoperative limb circumferences on postoperative days 7 and 14 were significantly higher in the CDT group than in the ST group (all P

The goal of this study is to present the multiple institutions experience comparing the outcome of management between initial laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) surgeon and specialist as well as the outcome of different operative procedures to major bile duct injury (BDI) after LC. We have retrospectively collected data of 77 cases of perioperatively detected major BDI in LC at 15 general surgical institutions from 1997 to 2007. We classified 42 cases treated by an experienced biliary surgeon as Group A and 35 cases treated by the initial LC surgeon as Group B. Forty-eight cases were treated with duct-to-duct anastomosis as Group C and 29 cases were treated with Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy as Group D. The median duration of follow-up was 62 months. The outcome of groups was compared. In Group A, 7 of 42 (16.7%) patients developed a failure. Two of seven (28.6%) patients were treated by a secondary operation. In Group B, 24 of 35 (68.6%) patients developed a failure. Seventeen of 24 (70.8%) patients were treated by a secondary operation. One of 35 (2.85%) patients died. The significant differences were observed in failure and secondary operations (16.7 vs 68.6%, P < 0.01 and 28.6 vs 70.8%, P < 0.01). There is no significant difference Group C and Group D in failure rate (28.5 vs 11.7%, P > 0.05). A multiple institutional cooperative methodology between the local surgical institution and tertiary care centers provided a good way to limit further operations, failure. The reconstructive strategy is important and should be selected according to the type of injury and the diagnosed status of major BDI.

Based on the classical theory, and according to the structural features of SMA (stone matrix asphalt), this paper analyzes the road performance of SMA such as high-temperature stability, etc. The analytical result shows that good road performance of SMA comes from its structural characteristics. Through analysis of SMA design methods adopted in different countries, The tests are carried out in the following procedures: this paper has studied aggregate gradation to ensure which kind of coarse aggregates contributes more for high-temperature stability. The coarse aggregate of equal size is used as sample to do Marshall test (Asphalt compound test ) and rutting test. According to the analysis of test results, it is difficult to decide which kind of coarse aggregates does more contribution for high-temperature stability of SMA, and therefore, comprehensive analysis should be made on coarse aggregates of different grades so as to achieve satisfactory result.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, Vedolizumab is an anti-inflammatory monoclonal antibody that exclusively targets the α4β7 integrin. We aimed to systematically review the efficacy and safety of vedolizumab for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched up to May 2014. Randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy or safety of vedolizumab in patients with IBDs were eligible for inclusion. Data were extracted independently by 2 investigators and pooled using Review Manager 5.0 software (The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen). Results were expressed as the relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Six randomized controlled trials involving 2815 patients were eligible for inclusion. Vedolizumab was more effective than placebo for patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease (CD) in clinical response (RR = 1.82, 95% CI, [1.43, 2.31]; RR = 1.46, 95% CI [1.18,1.81]) and clinical remission (RR = 2.23, 95% CI [1.35, 3.68]; RR = 1.71, 95% CI [1.25, 2.34]) during induction therapy. A superior effect was found during maintenance therapy in durable clinical/CD Activity Index-100 response (RR = 2.22, 95% CI [1.62, 3.05]; RR = 1.48, 95% CI [1.13, 1.94]) and clinical remission (RR = 2.55, 95% CI [1.38, 4.70]; RR = 1.15, 95% CI [0.75, 1.77]). However, vedolizumab may be associated with serious adverse events (RR = 1.25, 95% CI [1.03, 1.52]) and nasopharyngitis (RR = 1.56, 95% CI [1.08, 2.25]) for patients with CD. Vedolizumab was more effective than placebo as induction and maintenance therapy for IBDs, with an acceptable short-term safety profile, and achieving cure, although it may be associated with serious adverse events and nasopharyngitis for patients with CD.

Objective Endoscopies are common clinical examinations that are somewhat painful and even cause fear and anxiety for patients. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to determine the effect of music on patients undergoing various endoscopic procedures. Methods We searched the Cochrane Library, Issue 6, 2013, PubMed, and EMBASE databases up to July 2013. Randomized controlled trials comparing endoscopies, with and without the use of music, were included. Two authors independently abstracted data and assessed risk of bias. Subgroup analyses were performed to examine the impact of music on different types of endoscopic procedures. Results Twenty-one randomized controlled trials involving 2,134 patients were included. The overall effect of music on patients undergoing a variety of endoscopic procedures significantly improved pain score (weighted mean difference \[WMD] = −1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI\] \[−2.53, −0.53\]), anxiety (WMD = −6.04, 95% CI [−9.61, −2.48]), heart rate ( P = 0.01), arterial pressure ( P < 0.05), and satisfaction score (SMD = 1.83, 95% CI [0.76, 2.91]). Duration of the procedure ( P = 0.29), except for gastrointestinal endoscopy ( P = 0.03), and sedative or analgesic medication dose ( P = 0.23, P = 0.12, respectively) were not significantly decreased in the music group, compared with the control group. Furthermore, music had little effect for patients undergoing colposcopy and bronchoscopy in the subanalysis. Conclusion Our meta-analysis suggested that music may offer benefits for patients undergoing endoscopy, except in colposcopy and bronchoscopy.

The distribution of integrin-like proteins in the pollen tube was examined by immunofluorescent labeling and western blotting techniques using antibodies against human placenta integrin vitronectin receptor (VnR), and alpha(v), beta3 and beta1 integrin subunits. Pseudocolor-coded confocal images showed intense immunostaining within 10 and 5 microm of the tip of the pollen tube in Lilium davidii and Nicotiana tabacum respectively. In both segments the site near the plasma membrane was labeled. Western blotting analyses revealed cross-reaction of anti-beta3, anti-alpha(v) and anti-VnR with the proteins in the plasma membrane preparation of L. davidii and Hemerocallis citrina pollen tube. These studies provide evidence for the first time that the integrin-like protein is present in pollen tubes, and it may be mainly composed of alpha(v) and beta3 subunits in lily pollen tubes. In a functional assay, neither anti-VnR antibody nor the Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser tetrapeptide inhibited pollen tube growth of N. tabacum in vitro, but both of them depressed tube growth on the stigma and in style under quasi in vivo culture conditions. The integrin-like proteins localized in the tip and periphery of the pollen tube appeared to play roles in growth of the pollen tube tip and interaction with the extracellular matrix of the style.

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC), which frequently metastasizes to the liver, is one of the three leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Growing evidence suggests that a subset of cells exists among cancer stem cells. This distinct subpopulation is thought to contribute to liver metastasis; however, it has not been fully explored in CRC yet. Methods Flow cytometry analysis was performed to detect distinct subsets with CD133 and CXCR4 markers in human primary and metastatic CRC tissues. The 'stemness' and metastatic capacities of different subpopulations derived from the colon cancer cell line HCT116 were compared in vitro and in vivo. The roles of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stromal-cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in the metastatic process were also investigated. A survival curve was used to explore the correlation between the content of CD133+CXCR4+ cancer cells and patient survival. Results In human specimens, the content of CD133+CXCR4+ cells was higher in liver metastases than in primary colorectal tumors. Clonogenic and tumorigenic cells were restricted to CD133+ cells in the HCT116 cell line, with CXCR4 expression having no impact on the 'stemness' properties. We found that CD133+CXCR4+ cancer cells had a high metastatic capacity in vitro and in vivo. Compared with CD133+CXCR4- cells, CD133+CXCR4+ cancer cells experienced EMT, which contributed partly to their metastatic phenotype. We then determined that SDF-1/CXCL12 treatment could further induce EMT in CD133+CXCR4+ cancer cells and enhance their invasive behavior, while this could not be observed in CD133+CXCR4- cancer cells. Blocking SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction with a CXCR4 antagonist, AMD3100 (1,10-[1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis-1,4,8,11 -tetraazacyclotetradecane octahydrochloride), inhibited metastatic tumor growth in a mouse hepatic metastasis model. Finally, a high percentage of CD133+CXCR4+ cells in human primary CRC was associated with a reduced two-year survival rate. Conclusions Strategies targeting the SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction may have important clinical applications in the suppression of colon cancer metastasis. Further investigations on how high expression of CXCR4 and EMT occur in this identified cancer stem cell subset are warranted to provide insights into our understanding of tumor biology.